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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Betel Nut Chewing Increases the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in a Large Taiwanese Population Follow-Up Study Category: Original Investigation
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 14, No. 5 ( 2022-02-28), p. 1018-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 5 ( 2022-02-28), p. 1018-
    Abstract: Betel nut chewing is a popular habit in Taiwan, and it is associated with adverse metabolic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate correlations between betel nut chewing with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in a longitudinal study using data from the Taiwan Biobank. A total of 121,423 participants were included in the baseline study, and 27,002 received follow-up examinations after a median of 4 years. The association between betel nut chewing and MetS was analyzed using multiple logistic regression after controlling for confounders. The baseline prevalence of MetS was 22.5%. Multivariable analysis showed that a history of chewing betel nut was significantly associated with baseline MetS (odds ratio (OR) = 1.629; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.535 to 1.730, p 〈 0.001) and five components of MetS in all participants. A long history of chewing betel nut (per 1 year; OR = 1.008; 95% CI = 1.004 to 1.013, p 〈 0.001) was associated with baseline MetS, abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. In addition, high cumulative dose (per 1 year × frequency × daily score; OR = 1.001; 95% CI = 1.001–1.002; p 〈 0.001) was significantly associated with baseline MetS. At the end of the follow-up, a history of chewing betel nut (OR = 1.352; 95% CI = 1.134 to 1.612, p = 0.001) was significantly associated with MetS and its components including abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-cholesterol in the participants without baseline MetS. In addition, a longer history of betel nut chewing was associated with MetS (per 1 year; OR = 1.021; 95% CI = 1.008 to 1.035, p = 0.002), abdominal obesity and hypertriglyceridemia at follow-up. However, cumulative dose (p = 0.882) was not significantly associated with follow-up MetS. Chewing betel nut and a long history of betel nut chewing were associated with baseline MetS and its components. In the participants without MetS at baseline, chewing betel nut and a long history of chewing betel nut were associated with the development of MetS after 4 years of follow-up. However, a cumulative dose of betel nut chewing was not associated with follow-up MetS. Betel nut chewing cessation programs are important to reduce the incidence of MetS in Taiwan.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu14051018
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Obesity-related indices and its association with kidney stone disease: a cross-sectional and longitudinal cohort study
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Urolithiasis Vol. 50, No. 1 ( 2022-02), p. 55-63
    Details
    In: Urolithiasis, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 50, No. 1 ( 2022-02), p. 55-63
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2194-7228 , 2194-7236
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s00240-021-01288-w
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2700610-4
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Secondhand smoke increases the risk of developing kidney stone disease
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2021-09-06)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2021-09-06)
    Abstract: Research indicates smoking increases the risk of various kidney diseases, although the risk of developing kidney stone disease in non-smokers exposed to secondhand smoke is unknown. This study analyzed a total of 19,430 never-smokers with no history of kidney stone disease who participated in the Taiwan Biobank from 2008 to 2019. They were divided into two groups by secondhand smoke exposure; no exposure and exposure groups; the mean age of participants was 51 years, and 81% were women. Incident kidney stone development was observed in 352 (2.0%) and 50 (3.3%) participants in the no exposure and exposure groups during a mean follow-up of 47 months. The odds ratio (OR) of incident kidney stone was significantly higher in the exposure group than the no exposure group [OR, 1.64; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.21 to 2.23]. Participants with  〉  1.2 h per week exposure were associated with almost twofold risk of developing kidney stones compared with no exposure (OR, 1.92; 95% CI 1.29 to 2.86). Our study suggests that secondhand smoke is a risk factor for development of kidney stones and supports the need for a prospective evaluation of this finding.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97254-y
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Betel Nut Chewing Decreased Calcaneus Ultrasound T-Score in a Large Taiwanese Population Follow-Up Study
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 13, No. 10 ( 2021-10-19), p. 3655-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 10 ( 2021-10-19), p. 3655-
    Abstract: Chewing betel nut is common in Taiwan. Although previous studies have shown that chewing betel nuts is associated with adverse health effects, findings about the impact on bone density have been inconsistent. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between betel nut chewing and calcaneus ultrasound T-score in a longitudinal study of 118,856 participants from the Taiwan Biobank. Of these participants, 27,002 were followed up with for a median of 4 years. The T-score of the calcaneus was measured in the non-dominant foot using ultrasound. Multivariable analysis showed that a history of chewing betel nut (coefficient β = −0.232; p 〈 0.001) was significantly associated with low baseline T-score in all participants (n = 118,856). In addition, a long duration of betel nut chewing (per 1 year; coefficient β = −0.003; p = 0.022) was significantly associated with a low baseline T-score in the participants with a history of chewing betel nut (n = 7210). Further, a long duration of betel nut chewing (per 1 year; coefficient β = −0.004; p = 0.039) was significantly associated with a low ΔT-score in the participants with a history of chewing betel nut (n = 1778) after 4 years of follow-up. In conclusion, our results showed that betel nut chewing was associated with a decrease in calcaneus ultrasound T-score, and thus, it is important to stop chewing betel nut to help prevent an increased risk of osteoporosis in the Taiwanese population.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu13103655
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Betel Nut Chewing Was Associated with Obstructive Lung Disease in a Large Taiwanese Population Study
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Personalized Medicine Vol. 11, No. 10 ( 2021-09-28), p. 973-
    Details
    In: Journal of Personalized Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 10 ( 2021-09-28), p. 973-
    Abstract: The prevalence of betel nut chewing in Taiwan is high at approximately 7%, however, few studies have evaluated the relationship between betel nut chewing and lung disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate associations between betel nut chewing and lung function in 80,877 participants in the Taiwan Biobank (TWB). We further investigated correlations between betel nut chewing characteristics such as years of use, frequency, daily amount, and accumulative dose, with obstructive lung disease. We used data from the TWB. Lung function was assessed using spirometry measurements of forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). The participants were classified into normal lung function and obstructive lung function (FEV1/FVC 〈 70%) groups. The participants were asked questions about betel nut chewing, including years of use, frequency, and daily amount. After multivariable analysis, betel nut chewing (odds ratio [OR] = 1.159; p 〈 0.001) was significantly associated with FEV1/FVC 〈 70% in all participants (n = 80,877). Further, in the participants who chewed betel nut (n = 5135), a long duration of betel nut chewing (per 1 year; OR = 1.008; p = 0.012), betel nut use every day (vs. 1–3 days/month; OR = 1.793; p = 0.036), 10–20 quids a day (vs. 〈 10 quids; OR = 1.404; p = 0.019), 21–30 quids a day (vs. 〈 10 quids; OR = 1.662; p = 0.010), ≥31 quids a day (vs. 〈 10 quids; OR = 1.717; p = 0.003), and high cumulative dose (per 1 year × frequency × daily score; OR = 1.001; p = 0.002) were significantly associated with FEV1/FVC 〈 70%. In this large population-based cohort study, chewing betel nut was associated with obstructive lung disease. Furthermore, a long duration of betel nut chewing, more frequent use, higher daily amount, and high cumulative dose were associated with obstructive lung disease. This suggests that preventing betel nut chewing should be considered to reduce obstructive lung disease in Taiwan.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4426
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jpm11100973
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662248-8
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  • 6
    Online Resource
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    Metabolic Syndrome Is Associated with Cataract in a Large Taiwanese Population Study
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 14, No. 9 ( 2022-04-19), p. 1684-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 9 ( 2022-04-19), p. 1684-
    Abstract: Cataract is the leading cause of blindness worldwide, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a known risk factor. In this study, we investigated the association between the risk of cataract with MetS and its components in a large-scale study. Data were derived from the Taiwan Biobank, and 121,380 individuals were included. The NCEP-ATP III criteria modified for use in an Asian population were used to define MetS and its components. The occurrence of cataract was identified through a standardized interview and self-reported questionnaire. Multivariable analysis showed that MetS (OR, 1.129; 95% CI, 1.0175–1.184; p 〈 0.001), low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (OR, 1.057; 95% CI, 1.005–1.113; p = 0.032), and hyperglycemia (OR, 1.162; 95% CI, 1.108–1.218; p 〈 0.001) were significantly associated with cataract. Furthermore, a stepwise increase in the prevalence of cataract corresponding to the number of MetS components was found. The presence of three MetS components (vs. 0; OR, 1.103; 95% CI, 1.024–1.188; p = 0.010), four MetS components (vs. 0; OR, 1.137; 95% CI, 1.040–1.242; p = 0.005), and five MetS components (vs. 0; OR, 1.208; 95% CI, 1.059–1.378; p = 0.005) were significantly associated with cataract. In conclusion, significant associations were found between a high incidence of cataract with MetS and its components, including low HDL-cholesterolemia and hyperglycemia. Further, a stepwise increase in the prevalence of cataract corresponding to the number of MetS components was also found. The results of this study indicate that MetS may increase the development of cataract in Taiwan.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu14091684
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 7
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    Determinants of Longitudinal Change of Lung Function in Different Gender in a Large Taiwanese Population Follow-Up Study Categories: Original Investigation
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Personalized Medicine Vol. 11, No. 10 ( 2021-10-15), p. 1033-
    Details
    In: Journal of Personalized Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 10 ( 2021-10-15), p. 1033-
    Abstract: Chronic lung disease is associated with tremendous social and economic burden worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the sex-specific risk factors for changes in lung function in a large longitudinal study. We included 9059 participants from the Taiwan Biobank. None of the participants had a history of smoking, asthma, emphysema or bronchitis. Lung function was assessed using spirometry measurements of forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). Change in the FEV1/FVC (ΔFEV1/FVC) was calculated as a follow-up FEV1/FVC minus baseline FEV1/FVC. Linear regression analysis was used to identify associations between variables and ΔFEV1/FVC in the male and female participants. After multivariable adjustments, the male participants (vs. females; p = 0.021) were significantly associated with a low ΔFEV1/FVC. In addition, the male participants with low aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (p = 0.003), high alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (p = 0.006) and a low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (p = 0.003) were significantly associated with a low ΔFEV1/FVC. For the female participants, low systolic blood pressure (p = 0.005), low diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.031), low AST (p 〈 0.001), high ALT (p 〈 0.001) and a low eGFR (p = 0.001) were significantly associated with a low ΔFEV1/FVC. In this large follow-up study, we found that the male participants had a faster decrease in the FEV1/FVC than the female participants. In addition, liver and renal functions were correlated with changes in lung function in both the male and female participants. Our findings provide useful information on sex-specific changes in lung function.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4426
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jpm11101033
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662248-8
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Obesity-Related Indices Are Associated with Longitudinal Changes in Lung Function: A Large Taiwanese Population Follow-Up Study
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2021-11-12), p. 4055-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2021-11-12), p. 4055-
    Abstract: The global pandemic of obesity and the increasing incidence of chronic respiratory diseases are growing health concerns. The association between obesity and pulmonary function is uncertain. Therefore, this study aimed to explore associations between changes in lung function and obesity-related indices in a large longitudinal study. A total of 9059 participants with no personal histories of asthma, smoking, bronchitis, or emphysema were enrolled from the Taiwan Biobank and followed for 4 years. Lung function was assessed using spirometry measurements including forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). Changes in FEV1/FVC (∆FEV1/FVC) between baseline and follow-up were calculated. The following obesity-related indices were studied: lipid accumulation product (LAP), body roundness index (BRI), conicity index (CI), body adiposity index (BAI), abdominal volume index (AVI), body mass index (BMI), waist–hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). In multivariable analysis, the subjects with high BMI (p 〈 0.001), WHR (p 〈 0.001), WHtR (p 〈 0.001), LAP (p = 0.002), BRI (p 〈 0.001), CI (p = 0.005), BAI (p 〈 0.001), and AVI (p 〈 0.001) were significantly associated with a high baseline FEV1/FVC. After 4 years of follow-up, the subjects with high BMI (p 〈 0.001), WHR (p 〈 0.001), WHtR (p 〈 0.001), LAP (p = 0.001), BRI (p 〈 0.001), CI (p = 0.002), BAI (p 〈 0.001), and AVI (p 〈 0.001) were significantly associated with a low △FEV1/FVC. High obesity-related index values were associated with better baseline lung function and a rapid decrease in lung function at follow-up.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu13114055
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 9
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    Predictors of Positive Bone Metastasis in Newly Diagnosed Prostate Cancer Patients
    Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention ; 2016
    In:  Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention Vol. 17, No. 3 ( 2016-04-11), p. 1187-1191
    Details
    In: Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention, Vol. 17, No. 3 ( 2016-04-11), p. 1187-1191
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1513-7368
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7314/APJCP.2016.17.3.1187
    Language: English
    Publisher: Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2218955-5
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  • 10
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    Association between Menopause, Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy and Metabolic Syndrome
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 12, No. 13 ( 2023-06-30), p. 4435-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 13 ( 2023-06-30), p. 4435-
    Abstract: (1) Background: We aimed to explore the associations between menopause, postmenopausal hormone therapy, and metabolic syndrome in a large community-based group of Asian women. (2) Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in which we enrolled women aged 30 to 70 years with sufficient information about menopausal status from the Taiwan Biobank. The definition for metabolic syndrome used in this study aligns with the Bureau of Health Promotion’s (Taiwan) proposed definition. (3) Results: A total of 17,460 women were recruited. The postmenopausal group had a higher metabolic syndrome prevalence (30% vs. 14%) and 1.17 times higher odds ratio (OR) than the premenopausal group (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02 to 1.33). Regarding the types of menopause, surgical menopause was associated with metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.40; 95% CI = 1.20 to 1.63); however, natural menopause was not associated with metabolic syndrome. Interestingly, postmenopausal hormone therapy was associated with a lower risk of metabolic syndrome in the women with natural menopause (OR = 0.79; 95% CI = 0.70 to 0.89), but not in those with surgical menopause. (4) Conclusions: Our results suggest that menopause is associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome, while postmenopausal hormone therapy is associated with a lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome in women with natural menopause.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134435
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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