In:
PLOS Global Public Health, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2023-1-25), p. e0001179-
Abstract:
Diagnostic network optimization (DNO), a geospatial optimization technique, can improve access to diagnostics and reduce costs through informing policy-makers’ decisions on diagnostic network changes. In Zambia, viral load (VL) testing and early infant diagnosis (EID) for HIV has been performed at centralized laboratories, whilst the TB-programme utilizes a decentralized network of GeneXpert platforms. Recently, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended point-of-care (POC) EID/VL to increase timely diagnosis. This analysis modelled the impact of integrating EID/VL testing for children and pregnant/breastfeeding-women (priority-HIV) with TB on GeneXpert in Zambia. Using OptiDx, we established the baseline diagnostic network using inputs for testing demand (October 2019-September 2020), referrals, testing sites, testing platforms, and costs for HIV/TB testing (transport, test, device) respectively in Zambia. Next, we integrated priority-HIV testing on GeneXpert platforms, historically only utilized by the TB-programme. 228,265 TB tests were conducted on GeneXpert devices and 167,458 (99%) of priority-HIV tests on centralized devices at baseline, of which 10% were tested onsite at the site of sample collection. With integration, the average distance travelled by priority-HIV tests decreased 10-fold (98km to 10km) and the proportion tested onsite increased (10% to 48%). 52% of EID tests are likely to be processed within the same-day from a baseline of zero. There were also benefits to the TB-programme: the average distance travelled/specimen decreased (11km to 7km), alongside potential savings in GeneXpert device-operating costs (30%) through cost-sharing with the HIV-programme. The total cost of the combined testing programmes reduced marginally by 1% through integration/optimization. DNO can be used to strategically leverage existing capacity to achieve the WHO’s recommendation regarding POC VL/EID testing. Through DNO of the Zambian network, we have shown that TB/HIV testing integration can improve the performance of the diagnostic network and increase the proportion of specimens tested closer to the patient whilst not increasing costs.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
2767-3375
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0001179
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0001179.g001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0001179.g002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0001179.t001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0001179.t002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0001179.t003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0001179.t004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0001179.t005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0001179.t006
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0001179.s001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0001179.r001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0001179.r002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0001179.r003
Language:
English
Publisher:
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publication Date:
2023
detail.hit.zdb_id:
3101394-6
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