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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of surface topography and chemistry of Rumex obtusifolius leaves on the attachment of the beetle Gastrophysa viridula
    Wiley ; 2009
    In:  Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata Vol. 130, No. 3 ( 2009-03), p. 222-228
    Details
    In: Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, Wiley, Vol. 130, No. 3 ( 2009-03), p. 222-228
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0013-8703 , 1570-7458
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/eea.2009.130.issue-3
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2008.00806.x
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2015286-3
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Attachment forces of pea aphids ( A cyrthosiphon pisum ) on different legume species
    Wiley ; 2015
    In:  Ecological Entomology Vol. 40, No. 6 ( 2015-12), p. 732-740
    Details
    In: Ecological Entomology, Wiley, Vol. 40, No. 6 ( 2015-12), p. 732-740
    Abstract: 1. Sympatric populations of insects adapted to different host plants are good model systems not only to study how they adapt to the chemistry of their food plant, but also to investigate whether morphological modifications evolved enabling them to live successfully on a certain plant species. 2. The pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum ( H arris) encompasses at least 11 genetically distinct sympatric host races, each showing a preference for a certain legume species. The leaflet surfaces of these legumes differ considerably in their wax coverage. 3. It was investigated whether the attachment structures of three pea aphid genotypes from different host races are adapted to the different surface properties of their host plants and whether they show differences in their attachment ability on the respective host and non‐host plants. 4. The surface morphology of plants and aphid tarsi was examined using SEM (scanning electron microscopy). The ability of the aphids to walk on specific surfaces was tested using traction force measurements. 5. The presence of wax blooms on the leaflets lowers the aphids' attachment ability considerably and diminishes their subsequent attachment on ‘neutral’ surfaces like glass. The pea aphid host races differ in their ability to walk on certain surfaces. However, the genotype from the adapted aphid host race was not necessarily the one with the best walking performance on their host plant. All aphids, regardless of the original host plant, were most efficient on the neutral control surface glass. The general host plant Vicia faba was the plant with the most favourable surface for all aphid host races.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0307-6946 , 1365-2311
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/een.2015.40.issue-6
    DOI: 10.1111/een.12249
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020189-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 196048-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mechanics of plant fruit hooks
    The Royal Society ; 2013
    In:  Journal of The Royal Society Interface Vol. 10, No. 81 ( 2013-04-06), p. 20120913-
    Details
    In: Journal of The Royal Society Interface, The Royal Society, Vol. 10, No. 81 ( 2013-04-06), p. 20120913-
    Abstract: Hook-like surface structures, observed in some plant species, play an important role in the process of plant growth and seed dispersal. In this study, we developed an elastic model and further used it to investigate the mechanical behaviour of fruit hooks in four plant species, previously measured in an experimental study. Based on Euler–Bernoulli beam theory, the force–displacement relationship is derived, and its Young's modulus is obtained. The result agrees well with the experimental data. The model aids in understanding the mechanics of hooks, and could be used in the development of new bioinspired Velcro-like materials.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1742-5689 , 1742-5662
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2012.0913
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Royal Society
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2156283-0
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Measuring of the hardly measurable: adhesion properties of anti-adhesive surfaces
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2013
    In:  Applied Physics A Vol. 111, No. 1 ( 2013-4), p. 183-189
    Details
    In: Applied Physics A, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 111, No. 1 ( 2013-4), p. 183-189
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0947-8396 , 1432-0630
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s00339-012-7520-3
    RVK:
    UA 9001.A
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1398311-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 184232-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 283365-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mechanical ecology of fruit-insect interaction in the adult Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae)
    Elsevier BV ; 2020
    In:  Zoology Vol. 139 ( 2020-04), p. 125748-
    Details
    In: Zoology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 139 ( 2020-04), p. 125748-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0944-2006
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2020.125748
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2051297-1
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
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    Porous substrate affects a subsequent attachment ability of the beetle Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae)
    The Royal Society ; 2019
    In:  Journal of The Royal Society Interface Vol. 16, No. 150 ( 2019-01), p. 20180696-
    Details
    In: Journal of The Royal Society Interface, The Royal Society, Vol. 16, No. 150 ( 2019-01), p. 20180696-
    Abstract: According to literature data, porous substrates can cause a reduction of insect attachment ability. We carried out traction experiments with adult ladybird beetles Harmonia axyridis on the smooth solid glass sample and rough porous Al 2 O 3 membrane to prove the primary effect of absorption of the insect pad secretion by porous media, rather than surface roughness, on the attachment force on the porous sample. With each insect individual, a set of five experiments was conducted: (1) on glass; (2) on the porous membrane; (3–5) on glass immediately after the test on the porous surface, then after 30 min and 1 h of recovery time. On the porous substrate, the forces, being similar in females and males, were greatly reduced compared to those measured on glass. A significant difference between the force values obtained in the first (before the test on the porous sample) and second (immediately after the experiment on the porous sample) tests on glass was observed. After 30 min recovery time, beetles completely regained their attachment ability. Females produced significantly lower forces than males in all experiments on glass: the differences are probably caused by the sexual dimorphism in the microstructure of their adhesive pads. The obtained results are of fundamental importance for further application in biomimetics of novel insect-repelling surfaces and in plant protection by using porous materials.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1742-5689 , 1742-5662
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2018.0696
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Royal Society
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2156283-0
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The tight attachment achieved by the male discoidal setae is possibly a counter-adaptation to the grease layer on female integument surfaces in green dock beetles
    The Royal Society ; 2023
    In:  Journal of The Royal Society Interface Vol. 20, No. 205 ( 2023-08)
    Details
    In: Journal of The Royal Society Interface, The Royal Society, Vol. 20, No. 205 ( 2023-08)
    Abstract: Green dock beetles Gastrophysa viridula exhibit sexual dimorphism in tarsal attachment setae: females have only pointed, lanceolate and spatula-like setae, while males additionally possess discoidal ones. The sexual dimorphism is probably attributed to the necessity of male discoidal setae to adhere to the smooth back of the female during copulation. We aimed to understand its possible mechanism of attachment with G. viridula . Pull-off forces of both females and males were measured on (i) alive females, (ii) dead and dried females, and (iii) resin replicas of fresh females. The attachment ability tended to increase on dead and replicated female surfaces in both sexes, which indicates that the epicuticular grease layer on the integument of alive intact beetles decreases the attachment. This tendency was prominent in females. The present study clearly showed that in G. viridula discoidal setae enable the males to adhere stronger to female surfaces. The divergent performance found between the sexes differing in their setal composition is probably caused by the stiffness difference between the setae types and by the specific shape of the setal tips. A peculiar reproductive biology in G. viridula is probably attributed to this remarkable divergence of labour in their attachment pads between the sexes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1742-5662
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2023.0324
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Royal Society
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2156283-0
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  • 8
    Online Resource
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    Hierachical epicuticular wax coverage on leaves of Deschampsia antarctica as a possible adaptation to severe environmental conditions
    Beilstein Institut ; 2022
    In:  Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology Vol. 13 ( 2022-08-22), p. 807-816
    Details
    In: Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology, Beilstein Institut, Vol. 13 ( 2022-08-22), p. 807-816
    Abstract: Using cryo scanning electron microscopy, the surface micromorphology of vegetative (leaf blade and ligule) and generative (pedicel and outer glume) organs in Deschampsia antarctica , one of the only two flowering plants native to Antarctica, was examined. Whereas the pedicel and outer glume were wax-free, both leaf sides had a prominent epicuticular wax coverage consisting of two superimposed layers: polygonal rodlets formed by fused irregular platelets (the lower wax layer) and membraneous platelets (the upper wax layer). Although the adaxial (inner) and abaxial (outer) leaf surfaces showed a similar microstructure of the wax coverage, they differed in the thickness ratio between lower and upper wax layer. The ligule bore a very loose wax coverage composed of separate scale-like projections or clusters of them. We suppose that the two-layered wax densely covering both leaf surfaces might contribute to the plant adaptation to severe environmental conditions in Antarctica due to an increase of its resistance against cold temperatures, icing, harmful UV radiation, and dehydration. The presence of the epicuticular wax on the abaxial leaf side and the ligule as well as the hierarchical structure of the wax coverage on both leaf surfaces is described in D. antarctica for the first time.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2190-4286
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.13.71
    Language: English
    Publisher: Beilstein Institut
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2583584-1
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  • 9
    Online Resource
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    Petals Reduce Attachment of Insect Pollinators: A Case Study of the Plant Dahlia pinnata and the Fly Eristalis tenax
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Insects Vol. 14, No. 3 ( 2023-03-14), p. 285-
    Details
    In: Insects, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 3 ( 2023-03-14), p. 285-
    Abstract: In order to understand whether the petal surface in “cafeteria”-type flowers, which offer their nectar and pollen to insect pollinators in an open way, is adapted to a stronger attachment of insect pollinators, we selected the plant Dahlia pinnata and the hovering fly Eristalis tenax, both being generalist species according to their pollinator’s spectrum and diet, respectively. We combined cryo scanning electron microscopy examination of leaves, petals, and flower stems with force measurements of fly attachment to surfaces of these plant organs. Our results clearly distinguished two groups among tested surfaces: (1) the smooth leaf and reference smooth glass ensured a rather high attachment force of the fly; (2) the flower stem and petal significantly reduced it. The attachment force reduction on flower stems and petals is caused by different structural effects. In the first case, it is a combination of ridged topography and three-dimensional wax projections, whereas the papillate petal surface is supplemented by cuticular folds. In our opinion, these “cafeteria”-type flowers have the petals, where the colour intensity is enhanced due to papillate epidermal cells covered by cuticular folds at the micro- and nanoscale, and exactly these latter structures mainly contribute to adhesion reduction in generalist insect pollinators.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4450
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/insects14030285
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662247-6
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of Leaf Trichomes in Different Species of Cucurbitaceae on Attachment Ability of the Melon Ladybird Beetle Chnootriba elaterii
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Insects Vol. 13, No. 12 ( 2022-12-05), p. 1123-
    Details
    In: Insects, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 12 ( 2022-12-05), p. 1123-
    Abstract: This study investigates the attachment ability of the oligophagous melon ladybird beetle Chnootriba elaterii to leaves of several Cucurbitaceae species. Using cryo-SEM, we described adult and larva tarsal attachment devices and leaf surface structures (glandular and non-glandular trichomes) in Citrullus lanatus, Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita moschata, Cucurbita pepo, Ecballium elaterium, Lagenaria siceraria and Luffa aegyptiaca. Using traction force experiments and centrifugal force tests, we measured the friction force exerted by females and larvae on plant leaves. We observed that Cucurbitaceae glandular trichomes do not affect insect attachment ability at both developmental stages, suggesting some adaptation of C. elaterii to its host plants, while non-glandular trichomes, when they are dense, short and flexible, heavily reduce the attachment ability of both insect stages. When trichomes are dense but stiff, only the larval force is reduced, probably because the larva has a single claw, in contrast to the adult having paired bifid dentate claws. The data on the mechanical interaction of C. elaterii at different developmental stages with different Cucurbitaceae species, combined with data on the chemical cues involved in the host plant selection, can help to unravel the complex factors driving the coevolution between an oligophagous insect and its host plant species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4450
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/insects13121123
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662247-6
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