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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Relating the acoustic vowel space to perceptual vowel space in cochlear implant simulation
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2004
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 116, No. 4_Supplement ( 2004-10-01), p. 2600-2600
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 116, No. 4_Supplement ( 2004-10-01), p. 2600-2600
    Abstract: Because of limited spectral resolution, the acoustic differences between important speech features may not be preserved by cochlear implants (CIs). The present study compared the acoustic vowel space of spectrally degraded speech with the perceptual vowel space of normal-hearing (NH) subjects to CI simulations in which the spectral resolution, frequency allocation, carrier bands (noise-band or sine-wave) and signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) were varied. For each speech-processing condition, acoustic differences between vowel tokens were calculated by extracting the mel-frequency cepstrum coefficients, time-aligning the tokens, then computing the weighted Euclidean distances. Results showed that the acoustic vowel space monotonically expanded with increasing SNR and spectral resolution; sine-wave carriers also expanded the acoustic vowel space, relative to noise-band carriers, for all SNR conditions. We will compare the acoustic vowel space to NH subjects’ perceptual data for these speech-processing conditions. [Research is supported by NIDCD R01-DC-004993.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4785376
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of talker variability on vowel recognition by cochlear implant users and normal-hearing subjects listening to cochlear implant simulations
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2004
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 116, No. 4_Supplement ( 2004-10-01), p. 2600-2600
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 116, No. 4_Supplement ( 2004-10-01), p. 2600-2600
    Abstract: Different talker characteristics can significantly affect speech recognition, especially under conditions of reduced spectral resolution. In the current study, single- and multi-talker vowel recognition was tested with both cochlear implant (CI) patients and normal-hearing (NH) subjects listening to CI simulations. CI users were tested with their everyday processors. NH subjects were tested using four-channel acoustic processors in which the envelope cutoff frequency (20, 160 Hz) and the carrier band (noise-band, sine-wave) conditions were varied. Results showed that CI users’ single-talker vowel recognition was significantly better than multi-talker recognition. Among the simulations, both single- and multi-talker vowel recognition was best with the 160 Hz/sine-wave processor. Also, single-talker performance was significantly better than multi-talker performance only with the 160 Hz/sine-wave processor; there was no difference between single- and multi-talker recognition with the 20 Hz/sine-wave or noise-band processor. While the effects of talker variability were less for the 20 Hz/sine-wave and noise-band processors, overall vowel recognition was also significantly lower. Listeners’ sensitivity to talker variability may indicate their ability to register the relative vowel space for individual talkers. Without sensitivity to talker variability, multi-talker vowel space may collapse, causing cross-talker differences to be confused with phonetic differences. [Research is supported by NIDCD.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4785373
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impact of TMPRSS2 Expression, Mutation Prognostics, and Small Molecule (CD, AD, TQ, and TQFL12) Inhibition on Pan-Cancer Tumors and Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Molecules Vol. 27, No. 21 ( 2022-11-01), p. 7413-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 27, No. 21 ( 2022-11-01), p. 7413-
    Abstract: As a cellular protease, transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) plays roles in various physiological and pathological processes, including cancer and viral entry, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Herein, we conducted expression, mutation, and prognostic analyses for the TMPRSS2 gene in pan-cancers as well as in COVID-19-infected lung tissues. The results indicate that TMPRSS2 expression was highest in prostate cancer. A high expression of TMPRSS2 was significantly associated with a short overall survival in breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA), sarcoma (SARC), and uveal melanoma (UVM), while a low expression of TMPRSS2 was significantly associated with a short overall survival in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), demonstrating TMPRSS2 roles in cancer patient susceptibility and severity. Additionally, TMPRSS2 expression in COVID-19-infected lung tissues was significantly reduced compared to healthy lung tissues, indicating that a low TMPRSS2 expression may result in COVID-19 severity and death. Importantly, TMPRSS2 mutation frequency was significantly higher in prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD), and the mutant TMPRSS2 pan-cancer group was significantly associated with long overall, progression-free, disease-specific, and disease-free survival rates compared to the wild-type (WT) TMPRSS2 pan-cancer group, demonstrating loss of functional roles due to mutation. Cancer cell lines were treated with small molecules, including cordycepin (CD), adenosine (AD), thymoquinone (TQ), and TQFL12, to mediate TMPRSS2 expression. Notably, CD, AD, TQ, and TQFL12 inhibited TMPRSS2 expression in cancer cell lines, including the PC3 prostate cancer cell line, implying a therapeutic role for preventing COVID-19 in cancer patients. Together, these findings are the first to demonstrate that small molecules, such as CD, AD, TQ, and TQFL12, inhibit TMPRSS2 expression, providing novel therapeutic strategies for preventing COVID-19 and cancers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217413
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustic Change Complex Evoked by Horizontal Sound Location Change in Young Adults With Normal Hearing
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Neuroscience Vol. 16 ( 2022-6-6)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 16 ( 2022-6-6)
    Abstract: Acoustic change complex (ACC) is a cortical auditory-evoked potential induced by a change of continuous sound stimulation. This study aimed to explore: (1) whether the change of horizontal sound location can elicit ACC; (2) the relationship between the change of sound location and the amplitude or latency of ACC; (3) the relationship between the behavioral measure of localization, minimum audible angle (MAA), and ACC. A total of 36 normal-hearing adults participated in this study. A 180° horizontal arc-shaped bracket with a 1.2 m radius was set in a sound field where participants sat at the center. MAA was measured in a two-alternative forced-choice setting. The objective electroencephalography recording of ACC was conducted with the location changed at four sets of positions, ±45°, ±15°, ±5°, and ±2°. The test stimulus was a 125–6,000 Hz broadband noise of 1 s at 60 ± 2 dB SPL with a 2 s interval. The N1′–P2′ amplitudes, N1′ latencies, and P2′ latencies of ACC under four positions were evaluated. The influence of electrode sites and the direction of sound position change on ACC waveform was analyzed with analysis of variance. Results suggested that (1) ACC can be elicited successfully by changing the horizontal sound location position. The elicitation rate of ACC increased with the increase of location change. (2) N1′–P2′ amplitude increased and N1′ and P2′ latencies decreased as the change of sound location increased. The effects of test angles on N1′–P2′ amplitude [ F (1.91,238.1) = 97.172, p & lt; 0.001], N1′ latency [ F (1.78,221.90) = 96.96, p & lt; 0.001], and P2′ latency [ F (1.87,233.11) = 79.97, p & lt; 0.001] showed a statistical significance. (3) The direction of sound location change had no significant effect on any of the ACC peak amplitudes or latencies. (4) Sound location discrimination threshold by the ACC test (97.0% elicitation rate at ±5°) was higher than MAA threshold (2.08 ± 0.5°). The current study results show that though the ACC thresholds are higher than the behavioral thresholds on MAA task, ACC can be used as an objective method to evaluate sound localization ability. This article discusses the implications of this research for clinical practice and evaluation of localization skills, especially for children.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-453X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.908989
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2411902-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Colonization of endophyte Acremonium sp. D212 in Panax notoginseng and rice mediated by auxin and jasmonic acid
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Integrative Plant Biology Vol. 62, No. 9 ( 2020-09), p. 1433-1451
    Details
    In: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, Wiley, Vol. 62, No. 9 ( 2020-09), p. 1433-1451
    Abstract: Endophytic fungi can be beneficial to plant growth. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying colonization of Acremonium spp. remain unclear. In this study, a novel endophytic Acremonium strain was isolated from the buds of Panax notoginseng and named Acremonium sp. D212. The Acremonium sp. D212 could colonize the roots of P. notoginseng , enhance the resistance of P. notoginseng to root rot disease, and promote root growth and saponin biosynthesis in P. notoginseng. Acremonium sp. D212 could secrete indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) and jasmonic acid (JA), and inoculation with the fungus increased the endogenous levels of IAA and JA in P. notoginseng . Colonization of the Acremonium sp. D212 in the roots of the rice line Nipponbare was dependent on the concentration of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) (2–15 μmol/L) and 1‐naphthalenacetic acid (NAA) (10–20 μmol/L). Moreover, the roots of the JA signaling‐defective coi1‐18 mutant were colonized by Acremonium sp. D212 to a lesser degree than those of the wild‐type Nipponbare and miR393b‐overexpressing lines, and the colonization was rescued by MeJA but not by NAA. It suggests that the cross‐talk between JA signaling and the auxin biosynthetic pathway plays a crucial role in the colonization of Acremonium sp. D212 in host plants.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1672-9072 , 1744-7909
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jipb.v62.9
    DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12905
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130095-1
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    INDITTO2 transposon conveys auxin‐mediated DRO1 transcription for rice drought avoidance
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Plant, Cell & Environment Vol. 44, No. 6 ( 2021-06), p. 1846-1857
    Details
    In: Plant, Cell & Environment, Wiley, Vol. 44, No. 6 ( 2021-06), p. 1846-1857
    Abstract: Role of auxin regulating drought avoidance remains unclear. In this study, an INDITTO2 transposon inserted at a DRO1 locus conveys auxin‐regulated transcription of the DRO1 and thus enhances rice root drought avoidance. It shows that the interaction of transposon and auxin can improve plant fitness.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0140-7791 , 1365-3040
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/pce.v44.6
    DOI: 10.1111/pce.14029
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 391893-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020843-1
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genetic Polymorphism and Population Genetic Structure Analysis of 21 Autosomal STR Loci for a Han-Chinese Population from Luzhou of Southwest China
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Genes Vol. 14, No. 7 ( 2023-07-09), p. 1419-
    Details
    In: Genes, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 7 ( 2023-07-09), p. 1419-
    Abstract: The Han nationality is an ancient and populous people, and different places in China may have their distinct group relationships. Luzhou area, as a crossroads of several provinces in Southwest China, lacks autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) research and population genetics research. In this study, 21 autosomal STR loci were evaluated in 1959 Han-Chinese individuals from Luzhou area. There was no substantial linkage disequilibrium (LD) among the 21 autosomal STR markers, and all markers were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). The total discrimination power (TDP) and cumulative probability of exclusion (CPE) of the 21 autosomal STR loci were calculated to be 1–9.8505 × 10−16 and 1–1.9406 × 10−9, respectively. There were 333 alleles for 21 STRs with allelic frequencies ranging from 0.00026 to 0.51302, and the number of alleles ranged from 7 in locus TPOX to 29 in locus Penta E. According to the results of population comparison and population differentiation, historical influences, geographical distribution, cultural integration, and economic development may have an impact on the Luzhou Han population and other Chinese populations. These 21 STR loci were found to enrich autosomal STR information in forensic databases and provide highly informative polymorphisms for our forensic practice in China, including personal identification and parentage testing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4425
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/genes14071419
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527218-4
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genetic Polymorphism Analysis of 24 Y-STRs in a Han Chinese Population in Luzhou, Southwest China
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Genes Vol. 14, No. 10 ( 2023-10-02), p. 1904-
    Details
    In: Genes, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 10 ( 2023-10-02), p. 1904-
    Abstract: Han is the largest of China’s 56 ethnic groups and the most populous ethnic group in the world. The Luzhou region is located in southwest China, at the junction of three provinces. The unique historical factors contribute to the genetic polymorphism information. Short tandem repeats (STRs) are highly polymorphic, but the polymorphism of the Y chromosomal STRs (Y-STRs) loci in the Luzhou region is still unclear. It is of great significance to provide Y-STRs genetic data for the Han population from the Luzhou areas of southwest China. A total of 910 unrelated male individuals of the Han population from the Luzhou area were recruited, and 24 Y-STRs were analyzed. The population structure and phylogenetic relationships were compared with those of another 11 related Han populations. A total of 893 different haplotypes were achieved from 910 samples, of which 877 (98.21%) haplotypes were unique. Haplotype diversity and discrimination were 0.999956 and 0.981319, respectively. The lowest genetic diversity of DYS437 is 0.4321, and the highest genetic diversity of DYS385a/b is 0.9642. Pair-to-pair genetic distance and relative probability values indicate that Luzhou Han people are close to Sichuan Han people, Guangdong Han people, and Hunan Han people, which is consistent with geographical distribution, historical influence, and economic development. The 24 Y-STR markers of the southwest Luzhou Han population were highly polymorphic, which provided us with genetic polymorphism information and enriched the population genetic database. Therefore, it is of great value to our forensic applications and population genetics research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4425
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/genes14101904
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527218-4
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Tonal Language Speakers Are Better Able to Segregate Competing Speech According to Talker Sex Differences
    American Speech Language Hearing Association ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research Vol. 63, No. 8 ( 2020-08-10), p. 2801-2810
    Details
    In: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, American Speech Language Hearing Association, Vol. 63, No. 8 ( 2020-08-10), p. 2801-2810
    Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare release from masking (RM) between Mandarin-speaking and English-speaking listeners with normal hearing for competing speech when target–masker sex cues, spatial cues, or both were available. Method Speech recognition thresholds (SRTs) for competing speech were measured in 21 Mandarin-speaking and 15 English-speaking adults with normal hearing using a modified coordinate response measure task. SRTs were measured for target sentences produced by a male talker in the presence of two masker talkers (different male talkers or female talkers). The target sentence was always presented directly in front of the listener, and the maskers were either colocated with the target or were spatially separated from the target (+90°, −90°). Stimuli were presented via headphones and were virtually spatialized using head-related transfer functions. Three masker conditions were used to measure RM relative to the baseline condition: (a) talker sex cues, (b) spatial cues, or (c) combined talker sex and spatial cues. Results The results showed large amounts of RM according to talker sex and/or spatial cues. There was no significant difference in SRTs between Chinese and English listeners for the baseline condition, where no talker sex or spatial cues were available. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in RM between Chinese and English listeners when spatial cues were available. However, RM was significantly larger for Chinese listeners when talker sex cues or combined talker sex and spatial cues were available. Conclusion Listeners who speak a tonal language such as Mandarin Chinese may be able to take greater advantage of talker sex cues than listeners who do not speak a tonal language.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1092-4388 , 1558-9102
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1044/2020_JSLHR-19-00421
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Speech Language Hearing Association
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2070420-3
    SSG: 5,2
    SSG: 7,11
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Tibetan group from Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, southwest China, is rich in genetic polymorphisms at 36 autosomal STR loci and shares a complex genetic structure with other Chinese populations
    Elsevier BV ; 2023
    In:  Heliyon Vol. 9, No. 12 ( 2023-12), p. e23005-
    Details
    In: Heliyon, Elsevier BV, Vol. 9, No. 12 ( 2023-12), p. e23005-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2405-8440
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23005
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2835763-2
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