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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Plastic recycling plant as a point source of microplastics to sediment and macroinvertebrates in a remote stream
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Microplastics and Nanoplastics Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2022-12-08)
    Details
    In: Microplastics and Nanoplastics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2022-12-08)
    Abstract: Microplastic is now ubiquitous in freshwater, sediment and biota, globally. This is as a consequence of inputs from, for example, waste mismanagement, effluents from wastewater treatment plants and surface runoff from agricultural areas. In this study, we investigated point source pollution of plastic to an upland stream, originating from a recycling plant that recycles polyethylene film in a remote area of Norway. Sediment (~2 kg) and macroinvertebrates (549 individuals in total) were sampled at one site upstream and two sites downstream of the recycling plant to study microplastic deposition and food web uptake. In total, 340 microplastic films were identified through a combination of visual and µFTIR analysis in the sediment samples. This corresponded to a concentration of 0.23 (± 0.057) items per g sediment upstream of the plastic recycling plant and 0.45 (± 0.017) and 0.58 (± 0.34) items per g downstream. The dominant plastic polymer was polyethylene, which increased significantly downstream of the plastic recycling plant. This indicates the role of the plastic recycling plant as a point source for microplastic in this catchment. Among the three sites investigated, a fairly constant concentration of polypropylene was found, indicating a diffuse source of polypropylene films across the catchment possibly relating to low-intensity agricultural land-use. Low levels of polyethylene were also observed upstream, which may be linked to either local or longer-distance atmospheric transport. Despite the considerable presence of microplastic in sediments, concentrations in macroinvertebrates were extremely low with only a single microplastic particle identified in the total of 549 macroinvertebrates—belonging to three different feeding groups—investigated. Our study suggests that: 1) microplastic pollution can be transferred to remote areas as unintended losses from recycling facilities, 2) remote areas with limited land-use pressure still have detectable levels of microplastic and 3) microplastic is only taken up by stream macroinvertebrates to a limited degree despite relatively high sediment concentrations, and thus there are no strong indications for ecological risks posed by microplastic to this ecological group at this location.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2662-4966
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s43591-022-00045-z
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3052740-5
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  • 2
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    Gender differences in treatment with antidepressants during first weeks of a sick-leave spell due to depressive episode
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  European Journal of Public Health Vol. 30, No. 2 ( 2020-04-01), p. 299-304
    Details
    In: European Journal of Public Health, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 30, No. 2 ( 2020-04-01), p. 299-304
    Abstract: The incidence of depression is higher in women; women are more often on sick leave due to depression, and more women than men use antidepressants. The objective of this study was to explore possible gender differences in buying prescribed antidepressants during the first 21 days of a new sick-leave spell due to depressive episode. Methods Included were all individuals living in Sweden in working age (18–64 years old) who in 2010 or 2011 began a new sick-leave spell due to depressive episode (ICD-10 F32) lasting at least 21 days (n = 44 863). Register data on sociodemographics, morbidity and dispensed prescription medication were used to investigate associations between gender and buying prescribed antidepressants in the total group and in subgroups, using multiple logistic regression models. Results The study population consisted of 69.5% women. Within the first 21 days of the sick-leave spell, 48.0% of the men and 42.1% of the women had dispensed prescribed antidepressants. In the adjusted multiple logistic regression model, men had an odds ratio of 1.28 (95% confidence interval 1.23–1.33) as compared with women, for buying prescribed antidepressants. Conclusions In this nationwide register study, nearly half of the women and men on sick leave with depressive episode bought prescribed antidepressants during the first three weeks of the sick-leave spell. In the adjusted models, men were more likely to do this. Further studies are needed to elucidate the reasons for this gender difference.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1101-1262 , 1464-360X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz172
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033525-8
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  • 3
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    Gender differences in earnings among people with multiple sclerosis and associations with type of occupation and family composition: A population-based study with matched references
    Public Library of Science (PLoS) ; 2023
    In:  PLOS ONE Vol. 18, No. 8 ( 2023-8-2), p. e0288998-
    Details
    In: PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 18, No. 8 ( 2023-8-2), p. e0288998-
    Abstract: Gender differences in earnings exist worldwide. Gender segregation or familial status have been previously stated as possible explanations for these differences as well as health differences between women and men. Women are diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) as twice much as men. Moreover, MS limitations may affect the work capacity of people with MS (PwMS) implying a reduction in their earnings. We aimed to explore gender differences in earnings among people with MS and without MS and between groups of those diagnosed while also considering types of occupation and family composition, and how these possible differences relate to sickness absence (SA) and disability pension (DP). We conducted a population-based cohort study in Sweden with microdata from several nationwide registers. PwMS aged 19–57 years (n = 5128) living in Sweden and 31,767 matched references from the population without MS. Outcome measures included earnings, number of SA and DP days combined (SA/DP). A four-way weighted least-squares analysis of covariance was performed to explore the associations of gender, MS, type of occupation, and family composition with earnings. Risk of SA and DP days was assessed with logistic regression. Overall, and across all occupations, women earned less than men, although less so among managers with MS. Annual gender differences in earnings were larger if living with children at home compared to not living with children. Nevertheless, these gender differences decreased after adjusting for SA/DP, both among PwMS and references. PwMS had considerably more SA/DP days than references. Women also had more SA/DP days than men. We observed that working women earned less than working men, and that gender differences in earnings were present in all occupations, although less evident among PwMS in managerial positions. The combination of gender, occupation, family composition, and MS, was associated with earnings, even when adjusting for the number of SA and DP days.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1932-6203
    URL: Article
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    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288998
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288998.g001
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288998.g002
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288998.t001
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288998.t002
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288998.t003
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288998.t004
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288998.s001
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288998.s002
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288998.s003
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288998.s004
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288998.r001
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288998.r002
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288998.r003
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288998.r004
    Language: English
    Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2267670-3
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  • 4
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    Patients’ Lived Experience in a Multicomponent Intervention for Fibromyalgia Syndrome in Primary Care: A Qualitative Interview Study
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 20 ( 2022-10-15), p. 13322-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 20 ( 2022-10-15), p. 13322-
    Abstract: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) disrupts patients’ biopsychosocial spheres. A multicomponent intervention (MCI) program, which combined health education, cognitive behavioral therapy, and physical activity, was conducted in South Catalonia’s primary care centers with the aim of improving symptom self-management and quality of life. A qualitative interview study was carried out to understand patients’ lived experiences during the intervention program. Sampled purposively, 10 patients were interviewed via phone calls and face-to-face. The encounters were audio-recorded, verbatim transcribed, and analyzed through thematic analysis. As a result, four themes emerged: legitimizing fibromyalgia through the MCI, the MCI as a socializing experience, learning how to live with FMS through the MCI, and room for improving the MCI. Participants agreed on the program being an insightful experience that promoted illness knowledge and acceptance and that improved their coping skills and symptom self-management. The inclusion of additional psychological guidance, expressive psychological group therapy, and providing relatives with information were proposed for enhancing the program. Our findings have contributed to gaining insight into the subjective impact of the MCI and identifying new therapeutic targets to tailor the program to patients’ needs, which will hopefully increase its effectiveness and improve their quality of life.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013322
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 5
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    The effect of diabetes on the risk of endometrial Cancer: an updated a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  BMC Cancer Vol. 19, No. 1 ( 2019-12)
    Details
    In: BMC Cancer, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 19, No. 1 ( 2019-12)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1471-2407
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5748-4
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2041352-X
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  • 6
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    Sequence analysis of sickness absence and disability pension in the year before and the three years following a bicycle crash; a nationwide longitudinal cohort study of 6353 injured individuals
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  BMC Public Health Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Details
    In: BMC Public Health, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Abstract: Bicyclists are the road user group with the highest number of severe injuries in the EU, yet little is known about sickness absence (SA) and disability pension (DP) following such injuries. Aims To explore long-term patterns of SA and DP among injured bicyclists, and to identify characteristics associated with the specific patterns. Methods A longitudinal register-based study was conducted, including all 6353 individuals aged 18–59 years and living in Sweden in 2009, who in 2010 had incident in-patient or specialized out-patient healthcare after a bicycle crash. Information about sociodemographic factors, the injury, SA (SA spells 〉  14 days), and DP was obtained from nationwide registers. Weekly SA/DP states over 1 year before through 3 years after the crash date were used in sequence and cluster analyses. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for factors associated with each identified sequence cluster. Results Seven clusters were identified: “No SA or DP” (58.2% of the cohort), “Low SA or DP” (7.4%), “Immediate SA” (20.3%), “Episodic SA” (5.9%), “Long-term SA” (1.7%), “Ongoing part-time DP” (1.7%), and “Ongoing full-time DP” (4.8%). Compared to the cluster “No SA or DP”, all other clusters had higher ORs for women, and higher age. All clusters but “Low SA and DP” had higher ORs for inpatient healthcare. The cluster “Immediate SA” had a higher OR for: fractures (OR 4.3; CI 3.5–5.2), dislocation (2.8; 2.0–3.9), sprains and strains (2.0; 1.5–2.7), and internal injuries (3.0; 1.3–6.7) compared with external injuries. The cluster “Episodic SA” had higher ORs for: traumatic brain injury, not concussion (4.2; 1.1–16.1), spine and back (4.5; 2.2–9.5), torso (2.5; 1.4–4.3), upper extremities (2.9; 1.9–4.5), and lower extremities (3.5; 2.2–5.5) compared with injuries to the head, face, and neck (not traumatic brain injuries). The cluster “Long-term SA” had higher ORs for collisions with motor vehicles (1.9;1.1–3.2) and traumatic brain injury, not concussion (18.4;2.2–155.2). Conclusion Sequence analysis enabled exploration of the large heterogeneity of SA and DP following a bicycle crash. More knowledge is needed on how to prevent bicycle crashes and especially those crashes/injuries leading to long-term consequences.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1471-2458
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09788-x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2041338-5
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  • 7
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    Bicycle crashes and sickness absence - a population-based Swedish register study of all individuals of working ages
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  BMC Public Health Vol. 19, No. 1 ( 2019-12)
    Details
    In: BMC Public Health, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 19, No. 1 ( 2019-12)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1471-2458
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7284-1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2041338-5
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  • 8
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    Comparing costs of illness of multiple sclerosis in three different years: A population-based study
    SAGE Publications ; 2018
    In:  Multiple Sclerosis Journal Vol. 24, No. 4 ( 2018-04), p. 520-528
    Details
    In: Multiple Sclerosis Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 24, No. 4 ( 2018-04), p. 520-528
    Abstract: Little is known about changes in the costs of illness (COI) among multiple sclerosis (MS) patients during recent years. Objectives: To compare the COI among MS patients and matched controls in 2006, 2009, and 2012, respectively, indicating the costs attributable to the MS disease. Methods: Three cross-sectional datasets were analyzed, including all MS patients in Sweden aged 20–60 years and five matched controls for each of them. The analyses were based on 10,531 MS patients and 52,655 matched controls for 2006, 11,722 and 58,610 individuals for 2009, and 12,789 and 63,945 for 2012. Nationwide registers, including prescription drug use, specialized healthcare, sick leave, and disability pension, were linked to estimate the prevalence-based COI. Results: Adjusted for inflation, the average difference in COI between MS patients and matched controls were Swedish Krona (SEK) 243,751 (95% confidence interval: SEK 239,171–248,331) in 2006, SEK 238,971 (SEK 234,516–243,426) in 2009, and SEK 225,923 (SEK 221,630–230,218) in 2012. The difference in indirect costs were SEK 170,502 (SEK 166,478–174,525) in 2006, SEK 158,839 (SEK 154,953–162,726) in 2009, and SEK 141,280 (SEK 137,601–144,960) in 2012. Conclusion: The inflation-adjusted COI of MS patients was lower in 2012 than in 2006, in particular regarding indirect costs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1352-4585 , 1477-0970
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1352458517702549
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008225-3
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  • 9
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    Trajectories of sickness absence and disability pension days among people with multiple sclerosis by type of occupation
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Multiple Sclerosis Journal Vol. 28, No. 9 ( 2022-08), p. 1402-1413
    Details
    In: Multiple Sclerosis Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 28, No. 9 ( 2022-08), p. 1402-1413
    Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) can impact working life, sickness absence (SA) and disability pension (DP). Different types of occupations involve different demands, which may be associated with trajectories of SA/DP among people with MS (PwMS). Objectives: To explore, among PwMS and references, if SA/DP differ according to type of occupation. Furthermore, to examine how trajectories of SA/DP days are associated with type of occupation among PwMS. Methods: A longitudinal nationwide Swedish register-based cohort study was conducted, including 6100 individuals with prevalent MS and 38,641 matched references from the population. Trajectories of SA/DP were identified with group-based trajectory modelling. Multinomial logistic regressions were estimated for associations between identified trajectories and occupations. Results: Increase of SA/DP over time was observed in all occupational groups, in both PwMS and references, with higher levels of SA/DP among PwMS. The lowest levels of SA/DP were observed among managers. Three trajectory groups of SA/DP were identified: Persistently Low (55.2%), Moderate Increasing (31.9%) and High Increasing (12.8%). Managers and those working in Science & Technology, and Economics, Social & Cultural were more likely to belong to the Persistently Low group. Conclusion: Results suggest that type of occupation plays a role in the level and course of SA/DP.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1352-4585 , 1477-0970
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/13524585211048759
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 10
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    Permanent work disability before and after ischaemic heart disease or stroke event: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Sweden
    BMJ ; 2017
    In:  BMJ Open Vol. 7, No. 9 ( 2017-09), p. e017910-
    Details
    In: BMJ Open, BMJ, Vol. 7, No. 9 ( 2017-09), p. e017910-
    Abstract: We examined the risk of disability pension before and after ischaemic heart disease (IHD) or stroke event, the burden of stroke compared with IHD and which factors predicted disability pension after either event. Design A population-based cohort study with follow-up 5 years before and after the event. Register data were analysed with general linear modelling with binary and Poisson distributions including interaction tests for event type (IHD/stroke). Setting and participants All people living in Sweden, aged 25‒60 years at the first event year, who had been living in Sweden for 5 years before the event and had no indication of IHD or stroke prior to the index event in 2006‒2008 were included, except for cases in which death occurred within 30 days of the event. People with both IHD and stroke were excluded, resulting in 18 480 cases of IHD (65%) and 9750 stroke cases (35%). Primary outcome measures Disability pension. Results Of those going to suffer IHD or stroke event, 25% were already on disability pension a year before the event. The adjusted OR for disability pension at first postevent year was 2.64-fold (95% CI 2.25 to 3.11) for people with stroke compared with IHD. Economic inactivity predicted disability pension regardless of event type (OR=3.40; 95% CI 2.85 to 4.04). Comorbid mental disorder was associated with the greatest risk (OR=3.60; 95% CI 2.69 to 4.83) after an IHD event. Regarding stroke, medical procedure, a proxy for event severity, was the largest contributor (OR=2.27, 95% CI 1.43 to 3.60). Conclusions While IHD event was more common, stroke involved more permanent work disability. Demographic, socioeconomic and comorbidity-related factors were associated with disability pension both before and after the event. The results help occupational and other healthcare professionals to identify vulnerable groups at risk for permanent labour market exclusion after such an event.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2044-6055 , 2044-6055
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017910
    DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017910.supp2
    DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017910.supp1
    DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017910.supp3
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2599832-8
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