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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elaboration du Référentiel Hydrographique d'Haïti à partir d'un MNT ASTER
    Societe Francaise de Photogrammetrie ; 2014
    In:  Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection , No. 205 ( 2014-02-21), p. 49-57
    Details
    In: Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, Societe Francaise de Photogrammetrie, , No. 205 ( 2014-02-21), p. 49-57
    Abstract: L'étude présentée dans cet article a conduit au premier référentiel hydrographique homogène sur Haïti. Une méthode automatisée a été mise en œuvre pour l'extraction du réseau hydrographique et des limites de bassins versants à partir d'un MNT ASTER et d'une carte topographique numérisée. Une analyse statistique des résultats obtenus a révélé les propriétés fractales du relief de la région et a aidé à fixer des seuils pour retenir les bassins versants les plus significatifs. Le contrôle de qualité du réseau hydrographique, réalisé à partir de points de contrôle et d'une comparaison visuelle avec les images de Google Earth, confirme une exactitude géométrique inférieure ou égale au pas d'échantillonnage du MNT initial (de l'ordre de 30 m). Les bassins versants extraits ont en outre fait l'objet d'une codification adaptée, qui permet de proposer au gouvernement haïtien un référentiel hydrographique précis et homogène pour ses études ultérieures.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2426-3974 , 1768-9791
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.52638/rfpt.2014.3
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Societe Francaise de Photogrammetrie
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3099591-7
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  • 2
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    Machine learning highlights the importance of primary and secondary production in determining habitat for marine fish and macroinvertebrates
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems Vol. 31, No. 6 ( 2021-06), p. 1482-1498
    Details
    In: Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, Wiley, Vol. 31, No. 6 ( 2021-06), p. 1482-1498
    Abstract: Species distribution models for marine organisms are increasingly used for a range of applications, including spatial planning, conservation, and fisheries management. These models have been constructed using a variety of mathematical forms and drawing on both physical and biological independent variables; however, what might be called first‐generation models have mainly followed the form of linear models, or smoothing splines, informed by data collected in the context of fish surveys. The performance of different classes of variables were tested in a series of species occurrence models built with machine learning methods, specifically evaluating the potential contribution of lower trophic level data. Random forest models were fitted based on the classification of the absence/presence for fish and macroinvertebrates surveyed on the US Northeast Continental Shelf. The potential variables included physical, primary production, secondary production, and terrain variables. For accepted model fits, six variable importance measures were computed, which collectively showed that physical and secondary production variables make the greatest contribution across all models. In contrast, terrain variables made the least contribution to these models. Multivariable analyses that account for all performance measures reinforce the role of water depth and temperature in defining species presence and absence; however, chlorophyll concentration and some specific zooplankton taxa, such as Metridia lucens and Paracalanus parvus , also make important contributions with strong seasonal variations. Our results suggest that lower trophic level variables, if available, are valuable in the creation of species distribution models for marine organisms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1052-7613 , 1099-0755
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/aqc.v31.6
    DOI: 10.1002/aqc.3527
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1146285-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496050-3
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    SSG: 21
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  • 3
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    Deep demersal fish communities respond rapidly to warming in a frontal region between Arctic and Atlantic waters
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Global Change Biology Vol. 28, No. 9 ( 2022-05), p. 2979-2990
    Details
    In: Global Change Biology, Wiley, Vol. 28, No. 9 ( 2022-05), p. 2979-2990
    Abstract: The assessment of climate impact on marine communities dwelling deeper than the well‐studied shelf seas has been hampered by the lack of long‐term data. For a long time, the prevailing expectation has been that thermal stability in deep ocean layers will delay ecosystem responses to warming. Few observational studies have challenged this view and indicated that deep organisms can respond exceptionally fast to physical change at the sea surface. To address the depth‐specific impact of climate change, we investigated spatio‐temporal changes in fish community structure along a bathymetry gradient of 150–1500 m between 1998 and 2016 in East Greenland. Here, the Arctic East Greenland Current and the Atlantic Irminger Current meet and mix, representing a sub‐Arctic transition zone. We found the strongest signals of community reorganizations at depths between 350 and 1000 m and only weak responses in the shallowest and deepest regions. Changes were in synchrony with atmospheric warming, loss in sea ice and variability in physical sea surface conditions both within our study region and North of the Denmark Strait. These results suggest that interannual variability and long‐term climate trends of the larger ecoregion can rapidly affect fish communities down to 1000‐m depth through atmospheric ocean coupling and food web interactions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1354-1013 , 1365-2486
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.v28.9
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16113
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020313-5
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  • 4
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    Are we ready to track climate‐driven shifts in marine species across international boundaries? ‐ A global survey of scientific bottom trawl data
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Global Change Biology Vol. 27, No. 2 ( 2021-01), p. 220-236
    Details
    In: Global Change Biology, Wiley, Vol. 27, No. 2 ( 2021-01), p. 220-236
    Abstract: Marine biota are redistributing at a rapid pace in response to climate change and shifting seascapes. While changes in fish populations and community structure threaten the sustainability of fisheries, our capacity to adapt by tracking and projecting marine species remains a challenge due to data discontinuities in biological observations, lack of data availability, and mismatch between data and real species distributions. To assess the extent of this challenge, we review the global status and accessibility of ongoing scientific bottom trawl surveys. In total, we gathered metadata for 283,925 samples from 95 surveys conducted regularly from 2001 to 2019. We identified that 59% of the metadata collected are not publicly available, highlighting that the availability of data is the most important challenge to assess species redistributions under global climate change. Given that the primary purpose of surveys is to provide independent data to inform stock assessment of commercially important populations, we further highlight that single surveys do not cover the full range of the main commercial demersal fish species. An average of 18 surveys is needed to cover at least 50% of species ranges, demonstrating the importance of combining multiple surveys to evaluate species range shifts. We assess the potential for combining surveys to track transboundary species redistributions and show that differences in sampling schemes and inconsistency in sampling can be overcome with spatio‐temporal modeling to follow species density redistributions. In light of our global assessment, we establish a framework for improving the management and conservation of transboundary and migrating marine demersal species. We provide directions to improve data availability and encourage countries to share survey data, to assess species vulnerabilities, and to support management adaptation in a time of climate‐driven ocean changes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1354-1013 , 1365-2486
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.v27.2
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15404
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020313-5
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  • 5
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    Traits, landmarks and outlines: Three congruent sides of a tale on coral reef fish morphology
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Ecology and Evolution Vol. 12, No. 4 ( 2022-04)
    Details
    In: Ecology and Evolution, Wiley, Vol. 12, No. 4 ( 2022-04)
    Abstract: Quantifying the morphology of organisms remains fundamental in ecology given the form‐function relationship. Morphology is quantifiable in traits, landmarks, and outlines, and the choice of approach may influence ecological conclusions to an unknown extent. Here, we apply these three approaches to 111 individual coral reef fish of 40 species common in Micronesia. We investigate the major dimensions of morphological variability among individuals, families, and predefined feeding functional groups. We find that although the approaches are complementary, they coincide in capturing elongation as the main dimension of variability. Furthermore, the choice of approach led to different interpretations regarding the degree of morphological differentiation among taxonomic and feeding functional groups. We also use each morphology dataset to compute community‐scale morphological diversity on Palauan reefs and investigate how the choice of dataset affects the detection of differences among sites and wave exposure levels. The exact ranking of sites from highest to lowest morphological diversity was sensitive to the approach used, but not the broad spatial pattern of morphological diversity. Conclusions regarding the effect of wave exposure on morphological diversity were robust to the approach used. Biodiversity hotspots (e.g., areas of exceptionally high diversity and/or endemism) are considered important conservation targets but their location may depend on the biodiversity metric used. In the same vein, our results caution against labelling particular sites as morphological diversity hotspots when metrics consider only a single aspect of morphology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-7758 , 2045-7758
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ece3.v12.4
    DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8787
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2635675-2
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  • 6
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    Marine fish traits follow fast-slow continuum across oceans
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2019-11-29)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2019-11-29)
    Abstract: A fundamental challenge in ecology is to understand why species are found where they are and predict where they are likely to occur in the future. Trait-based approaches may provide such understanding, because it is the traits and adaptations of species that determine which environments they can inhabit. It is therefore important to identify key traits that determine species distributions and investigate how these traits relate to the environment. Based on scientific bottom-trawl surveys of marine fish abundances and traits of 〉 1,200 species, we investigate trait-environment relationships and project the trait composition of marine fish communities across the continental shelf seas of the Northern hemisphere. We show that traits related to growth, maturation and lifespan respond most strongly to the environment. This is reflected by a pronounced “fast-slow continuum” of fish life-histories, revealing that traits vary with temperature at large spatial scales, but also with depth and seasonality at more local scales. Our findings provide insight into the structure of marine fish communities and suggest that global warming will favour an expansion of fast-living species. Knowledge of the global and local drivers of trait distributions can thus be used to predict future responses of fish communities to environmental change.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53998-2
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 7
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    Food web structure and community composition: a comparison across space and time in the North Sea
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Ecography Vol. 2022, No. 2 ( 2022-02)
    Details
    In: Ecography, Wiley, Vol. 2022, No. 2 ( 2022-02)
    Abstract: Ecological communities are constantly changing as a response to environmental and anthropogenic pressures. Yet, how changes in community composition influence the structure of food webs over time and space remains elusive. Using ecological network analysis, we assessed how food web structure changed across six distinct areas of the North Sea over a sixteen‐year time‐period. We used multivariate analyses to disentangle and compare spatio‐temporal dynamics in community composition (i.e. changes in species abundances) and food web structure (i.e. changes in network properties). Specifically, we assessed how changes in community composition were reflected in food web structure. Our results revealed a strong spatial coupling between community composition and food web structure along a south–north gradient. However, the temporal covariation between community composition and food web structure depended on the spatial scale. We observed a temporal mismatch at regional scale, but a strong coupling at local scale. In particular, we found that community composition can be influenced by hydro‐climatic events over large areas, with diverse effects manifesting in local food web structure. Our proposed methodological framework quantified and compared spatio‐temporal changes in community composition and food web structure, providing key information to support effective management strategies aimed at conserving the structure and functioning of ecological communities in times of environmental change.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0906-7590 , 1600-0587
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/ecog.v2022.i2
    DOI: 10.1111/ecog.05945
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2024917-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1112659-0
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  • 8
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    Disentangling temporal food web dynamics facilitates understanding of ecosystem functioning
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Animal Ecology Vol. 90, No. 5 ( 2021-05), p. 1205-1216
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 90, No. 5 ( 2021-05), p. 1205-1216
    Abstract: Studying how food web structure and function vary through time represents an opportunity to better comprehend and anticipate ecosystem changes. Yet, temporal studies of highly resolved food web structure are scarce. With few exceptions, most temporal food web studies are either too simplified, preventing a detailed assessment of structural properties or binary, missing the temporal dynamics of energy fluxes among species. Using long‐term, multi‐trophic biomass data coupled with highly resolved information on species feeding relationships, we analysed food web dynamics in the Gulf of Riga (Baltic Sea) over more than three decades (1981–2014). We combined unweighted (topology‐based) and weighted (biomass‐ and flux‐based) food web approaches, first, to unravel how distinct descriptors can highlight differences (or similarities) in food web dynamics through time, and second, to compare temporal dynamics of food web structure and function. We find that food web descriptors vary substantially and distinctively through time, likely reflecting different underlying ecosystem processes. While node‐ and link‐weighted metrics reflect changes related to alterations in species dominance and fluxes, unweighted metrics are more sensitive to changes in species and link richness. Comparing unweighted, topology‐based metrics and flux‐based functions further indicates that temporal changes in functions cannot be predicted using unweighted food web structure. Rather, information on species population dynamics and weighted, flux‐based networks should be included to better comprehend temporal food web dynamics. By integrating unweighted, node‐ and link‐weighted metrics, we here demonstrate how different approaches can be used to compare food web structure and function, and identify complementary patterns of change in temporal food web dynamics, which enables a more complete understanding of the ecological processes at play in ecosystems undergoing change.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8790 , 1365-2656
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jane.v90.5
    DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13447
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2006616-8
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  • 9
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    Towards gender-inclusive innovation: Assessing local conditions for agricultural targeting
    Public Library of Science (PLoS) ; 2022
    In:  PLOS ONE Vol. 17, No. 3 ( 2022-3-24), p. e0263771-
    Details
    In: PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 17, No. 3 ( 2022-3-24), p. e0263771-
    Abstract: The importance of gender norms in agricultural innovation processes has been recognized. However, the operational integration of these normative issues into the innovation strategies of agricultural interventions remains challenging. This article advances a replicable, integrative research approach that captures key local conditions to inform the design and targeting of gender-inclusive interventions. We focus on the gender climate across multiple contexts to add to the limited indicators available for assessing gender norms at scale. The notion of gender climate refers to the socially constituted rules that prescribe men’s and women’s behaviour in a specific geographic location—with some being more restrictive and others more relaxed. We examine the gender climate of 70 villages across 13 countries where agriculture is an important livelihood. Based on data from the GENNOVATE initiative we use multivariate methods to identify three principal components: ‘Gender Climate’, ‘Opportunity’ and ‘Connectivity’. Pairwise correlation and variance partitioning analyses investigate the linkages between components. Our findings evidence that favourable economic or infrastructure conditions do not necessarily correlate with favourable gender normative conditions. Drawing from two case-study villages from Nepal, we highlight opportunities for agricultural research for development interventions. Overall, our approach allows to integrate local knowledge about gender norms and other local conditions into the planning and targeting strategies for agricultural innovation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1932-6203
    URL: Article
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    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263771
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263771.g001
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263771.g002
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263771.g003
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263771.g004
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263771.t001
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263771.t002
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263771.t003
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263771.s001
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263771.s002
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263771.r001
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263771.r002
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263771.r003
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263771.r004
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263771.r005
    Language: English
    Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2267670-3
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  • 10
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    Time–frequency analysis to profile hydrological regimes: application to Haiti
    Informa UK Limited ; 2016
    In:  Hydrological Sciences Journal Vol. 61, No. 2 ( 2016-01-25), p. 274-288
    Details
    In: Hydrological Sciences Journal, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 61, No. 2 ( 2016-01-25), p. 274-288
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0262-6667 , 2150-3435
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1080/02626667.2015.1006231
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2180448-5
    SSG: 14
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