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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais em Bacias Hidrograficas (IPABHi) ; 2016
    In:  Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science Vol. 11, No. 5 ( 2016-12-10), p. 1042-
    In: Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science, Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais em Bacias Hidrograficas (IPABHi), Vol. 11, No. 5 ( 2016-12-10), p. 1042-
    Abstract: This article analyzes the climatic differences that occur in a transect that extends from São Paulo State coast to the south of Minas Gerais State, including the municipalities of Ubatuba/SP, Taubaté/SP, Campos do Jordão/SP and Extrema/MG. This territory has a complex topography which contributes to the existence of different types of climate and vegetation. Based on precipitation and temperature data produced by a climate simulation model, it was possible to statistically analyze the future climate of this region heavily transformed by human occupation and by the development of agriculture. Using the regional model ETA (downscaling) in the resolution 20 X 20 km coupled with the general circulation atmosphere-ocean model HadCM3, it was possible to forecast the climate scenarios A1B from IPCC for the time intervals 2011-2040; 2041-2070; 2071-2099 and to compare them with historic data (1961-1990). Based on data analyzes, an increase in the average air temperature was found for each time period observed, reaching more than 3ºC higher until the end of this century. Also, in general, there will be an increase in the total annual amount of precipitation in these three periods of time, which might be reduced in the last period (2071-2099), especially for Ubatuba/SP. Although the temperature and precipitation increases are higher in January in nearly all the studied cities, there will be a higher variability in July, showing that extreme events are more likely to occur during winter in nearly all regions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1980-993X
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais em Bacias Hidrograficas (IPABHi)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2389901-3
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  • 2
    In: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 97, No. 10 ( 2016-10-01), p. 1885-1908
    Abstract: Between 1 September and 4 October 2014, a combined airborne and ground-based measurement campaign was conducted to study tropical deep convective clouds over the Brazilian Amazon rain forest. The new German research aircraft, High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft (HALO), a modified Gulfstream G550, and extensive ground-based instrumentation were deployed in and near Manaus (State of Amazonas). The campaign was part of the German–Brazilian Aerosol, Cloud, Precipitation, and Radiation Interactions and Dynamics of Convective Cloud Systems–Cloud Processes of the Main Precipitation Systems in Brazil: A Contribution to Cloud Resolving Modeling and to the GPM (Global Precipitation Measurement) (ACRIDICON– CHUVA) venture to quantify aerosol–cloud–precipitation interactions and their thermodynamic, dynamic, and radiative effects by in situ and remote sensing measurements over Amazonia. The ACRIDICON–CHUVA field observations were carried out in cooperation with the second intensive operating period of Green Ocean Amazon 2014/15 (GoAmazon2014/5). In this paper we focus on the airborne data measured on HALO, which was equipped with about 30 in situ and remote sensing instruments for meteorological, trace gas, aerosol, cloud, precipitation, and spectral solar radiation measurements. Fourteen research flights with a total duration of 96 flight hours were performed. Five scientific topics were pursued: 1) cloud vertical evolution and life cycle (cloud profiling), 2) cloud processing of aerosol particles and trace gases (inflow and outflow), 3) satellite and radar validation (cloud products), 4) vertical transport and mixing (tracer experiment), and 5) cloud formation over forested/deforested areas. Data were collected in near-pristine atmospheric conditions and in environments polluted by biomass burning and urban emissions. The paper presents a general introduction of the ACRIDICON– CHUVA campaign (motivation and addressed research topics) and of HALO with its extensive instrument package, as well as a presentation of a few selected measurement results acquired during the flights for some selected scientific topics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-0007 , 1520-0477
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029396-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 419957-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2023
    In:  Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais Vol. 16, No. 4 ( 2023)
    In: Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 16, No. 4 ( 2023)
    Abstract: resumo: A atualização do mapa de isopletas da norma NBR 6123 – Forças devidas ao vento em edificações – é um dos aspectos tratados no âmbito do trabalho da comissão encarregada da revisão da citada norma. Tradicionalmente estes mapas são elaborados por meio de análises de valores extremos das velocidades do vento registradas em estações meteorológicas, da aplicação de métodos estatísticos para caracterização dos dados, e de interpolação matemática para geração do mapa. Entretanto, a distribuição espacial dos fenômenos atmosféricos responsáveis por ventos fortes no Brasil não pode ser desconsiderada. Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta para um novo mapa de isopletas da velocidade básica do vento para a NBR 6123 elaborado com base em uma abordagem climatológica e em recente pesquisa incluindo novos dados de centenas de estações meteorológicas. Inicialmente foi desenvolvido um mapa de regiões climáticas associadas aos fenômenos que produzem ventos fortes, a partir do qual o mapa de isopletas foi traçado. Resultaram isopletas associadas a velocidades de vento variando entre 30 e 48m/s.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1983-4195
    Uniform Title: Mapa de isopletas para a NBR-6123 com base em abordagem climatológica
    Language: English , Portuguese
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2851703-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Revista Brasileira de Geografia Fisica ; 2020
    In:  Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2020-07-29), p. 2037-2052
    In: Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física, Revista Brasileira de Geografia Fisica, Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2020-07-29), p. 2037-2052
    Abstract: O trabalho avaliou simulações de precipitação e temperatura do ar do modelo Eta-CPTEC para o Rio de Janeiro de 1961-1990. Nas simulações, considerou-se resolução espacial de 40 km para uma grade que compreendeu a América do Sul, com o Eta-CPTEC inicializado com o modelo HadCM3. As séries climáticas observadas das variáveis estudadas foram obtidas de estações meteorológicas do INMET distribuídas no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Estas séries foram comparadas com aquelas extraídas dos pontos de grade do modelo mais próximas das estações. Nas avaliações considerou-se o coeficiente de determinação (r²) da regressão linear simples entre dados observados e simulados; o índice de concordância de Willmott (d), o índice de desempenho (c) e a Raiz do Quadrado Médio do Erro (RQME) e seus componentes sistemático (RQMEs) e não sistemático (RQMEu). As simulações de precipitação apresentaram r² menores do que 0,32, o que indicou baixa precisão, enquanto que a exatidão (d) foi superior a 0,50, com exceção de Bangu (0,16). A baixa precisão comprometeu o desempenho (c) das simulações, com 0,07 〈 = c 〈 = 0,42, classificados entre “péssimo” e “ruim”. A RQME variou entre 76,2 e 133,4 mm, que correspondeu a um erro de 78,1 e 115,5% em relação à precipitação média. As simulações de temperatura do ar mostraram desempenho melhor do que a precipitação, com maior precisão (0,39 〈 = r² 〈 = 0,53), exatidão (0,50 〈 = d 〈 = 0,79) e desempenho (0,36 〈 = c 〈 = 0,52). A RQME ficou entre 1,9 e 5,7oC, representando 9 e 26% da média da temperatura do ar. Na maior parte das estações, o RQMEs se sobressaiu em relação ao RQMEu, indicando que as simulações podem ser corrigidas usando técnicas estatísticas. Precipitation and air temperature numerical simulations through ETA/CPTEC - HADCM3 model in Rio de Janeiro A B S T R A C TThe present study evaluated the precipitation and air temperature simulations of the Eta-CPTEC model for Rio de Janeiro state in 1961-1990. In the simulations, a spatial resolution of 40 km was considered for a grid that comprised South America, with Eta-CPTEC initialized with HadCM3 model. The observed climatic series of the studied variables were obtained from INMET meteorological stations distributed at Rio de Janeiro state. These series were compared with those extracted from the grid points of the model near to the stations. The coefficient of determination (r²) of the simple linear regression between observed and simulated, Willmott's index of agreement (d), performance index (c), Root Mean Square Error (RQME) and their systematic (RQMEs) and unsystematic (RQMEu) components were considered in the evaluations. The precipitation simulations showed r² less than 0.32, which indicated low precision, while the accuracy (Willmott's d) was greater than 0.50, except for Bangu station. The low precision compromised the performance (index “c”) of the simulations, with 0,07 £ c £ 0,42, classified as "terrible" and "bad". The RQME varied between 76.2 and 133.4 mm, which corresponded error of 78.1 and 115.5% in relation to mean precipitation. The simulations of air temperature showed better performance than precipitation, with greater precision (0.39 £ r² £  0.53), accuracy (0.50 £ d £ 0.79) and performance (0.36 £ c £ 0.52). The RQME was between 1.9 and 5.7oC, which represented respectively 9 and 26% for average of air temperature. In most stations, RQMEs were higher than the RQMEu, which indicated that simulators can be fitted using statistical techniques.Keywords: climate model, meteorological dataset, downscaling
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1984-2295
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Revista Brasileira de Geografia Fisica
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2675549-X
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Universidade Federal de Pernambuco ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Vol. 9, No. 4 ( 2019-12-26), p. 217-
    In: Journal of Hyperspectral Remote Sensing, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vol. 9, No. 4 ( 2019-12-26), p. 217-
    Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the seasonal and spatial profiles of soil temperature (ST) in the biomes of the Amazon Forest and Atlantic Forest, using the wavelet transform. In the Amazon rainforest were used the data from the year 2009. In the Atlantic Forest used up to year 2010 data. The results showed that the ST in the Amazon rainforest shows little variation in time with temperature range below 5 ° C. In the rainforest, this exhibited high thermal amplitude throughout the year, more than 10 ° C. The wavelet transform showed that the variability of ST is defined by multi-scale time: 24 hours for both biomass, 8 to 16 days for Amazon and 4 to 16 days to Atlantic forest.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2237-2202 , 2237-2202
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2873810-X
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  • 6
    In: Acta Amazonica, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 34, No. 4 ( 2004-12), p. 613-619
    Abstract: Observations of the influence of a Cold Spell phenomena on meteorological variables and on energy and CO2 fluxes were made in a forest site near Ji-Paraná, Rondonia, during June 2001. Friagem caused a diminution of 35% at air temperature. A reduction of 75 W.m-2 from normal days (200 W.m-2) to cold days (125 W.m-2) in the mean incoming solar radiation was also observed. During the Cold Spell days, both sensible heat (H) and latent heat fluxes (LE) showed a decrease in their mean daily value, showing a difference from normal days of 8 e 34%, respectively. The CO2 concentration remained constant, without increase during the night, due to the windy condition of cold days. During normal days the mean diurnal CO2 flux (-2,44 mmol m-2 s-1) was lesser than that one at phenomena days (-5,78 mmol m-2 s-1), while the mean nocturnal fluxes were +1,77mmol m-2 s-1 e +2,83mmol m-2 s-1 during normal and cold days, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0044-5967
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2088290-7
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2001
    In:  Acta Amazonica Vol. 31, No. 4 ( 2001-12), p. 581-581
    In: Acta Amazonica, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 31, No. 4 ( 2001-12), p. 581-581
    Abstract: During the dry station of 1994 a study of the behavior of the wind profile was made using measurements from radiossonde, in forest and pasture areas in the Ji-Paraná region, Rondônia. The wind in the forest is, on average, 2 m.s-1 more strong than pasture, and the mean wind direction comes from ENE above 1000m and from ESE in the area below, in both sites. Is possible to view maximum winds in both sites, near 2000 m, around 8 local time, of about 8,0 m.s-1 and 6,5 m.s-1 at forest and pasture, respectively. The estimated heights of the convective boundary layer are similar the ones computed by thermodynamics methods.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0044-5967
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2088290-7
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 1998
    In:  Acta Amazonica Vol. 28, No. 2 ( 1998-06), p. 101-101
    In: Acta Amazonica, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 28, No. 2 ( 1998-06), p. 101-101
    Abstract: This paper describes recent research on some climatic aspects of Amazonia. It describes the paleoclimate, characteristics of the present patterns of air temperature and rainfall distribution, together with results from field observations of atmospheric phenomena (squall lines, the Bolivian upper-tropospheric high, river breezes, relations with El Niño, interactions with polar fronts and convection processes, cold spells, inter-annual and longer-term variability). Since deforestation is proceeding rapidly in Amazonia, the paper describes the principal changes in microclimate that result from it and the results of numeric simulations in which tropical forest is replaced by pasture. The paper concludes with a summary of micrometeorological studies conducted in Amazônia over the last two decades.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0044-5967
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 1998
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2088290-7
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
    In: Acta Amazonica, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 29, No. 3 ( 1999-09), p. 395-395
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0044-5967
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2088290-7
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
    In: Acta Amazonica, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 30, No. 2 ( 2000-06), p. 305-318
    Abstract: A influência dos modos dc variabilidade climática dc grande escala dominantes no Pacifico e Atlântico nas chuvas da Amazônia é investigada. A técnica de compósitos das anomalias dc precipitação na Amazônia é usada neste trabalho. Os anos base destes compósitos são aqueles do período 1960-1998 com ocorrências de extremos na Oscilação Sul (El Niño ou La Niña) e de padrão de dipolo norte/sul quente (ou frio) nas anomalias de TSM no Atlântico tropical. Dipolo quente (frio) significa anomalias positivas (negativas) no Atlântico tropical Norte e negativas (positivas) no Atlântico tropical Sul. Compósitos dc verão e outono austrais para extremos na Oscilação Sul (El Niño ou La Niña) e independente para padrão de dipolo norte/sul (quente ou frio) de anomalias de TSM no Atlântico tropical, apresentam valores (magnitude e signal) consistentes com aqueles encontrados cm trabalhos anteriores sobre a relação entre as variações de precipitação na Amazônia c anomalias de TSM no Pacífico e Atlântico tropicais. No entanto, compósitos dos verões e outonos austrais para os anos com ocorrências simultâneas de El Niño e dipolo quente norte/sul dc anomalias de TSM no Atlântico tropical mostram anomalias negativas de precipitação estendendo-se para leste sobre a Amazônia ccntro-leste. Este resultado indica o importante papel desempenhado pelo Atlântico tropical na distribuição anômala de precipitação na Amazônia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0044-5967
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2088290-7
    SSG: 12
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