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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The genomic footprint of climate adaptation in Chironomus riparius
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Molecular Ecology Vol. 27, No. 6 ( 2018-03), p. 1439-1456
    Details
    In: Molecular Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 27, No. 6 ( 2018-03), p. 1439-1456
    Abstract: The gradual heterogeneity of climatic factors poses varying selection pressures across geographic distances that leave signatures of clinal variation in the genome. Separating signatures of clinal adaptation from signatures of other evolutionary forces, such as demographic processes, genetic drift and adaptation, to nonclinal conditions of the immediate local environment is a major challenge. Here, we examine climate adaptation in five natural populations of the harlequin fly Chironomus riparius sampled along a climatic gradient across Europe. Our study integrates experimental data, individual genome resequencing, Pool‐Seq data and population genetic modelling. Common‐garden experiments revealed significantly different population growth rates at test temperatures corresponding to the population origin along the climate gradient, suggesting thermal adaptation on the phenotypic level. Based on a population genomic analysis, we derived empirical estimates of historical demography and migration. We used an F ST outlier approach to infer positive selection across the climate gradient, in combination with an environmental association analysis. In total, we identified 162 candidate genes as genomic basis of climate adaptation. Enriched functions among these candidate genes involved the apoptotic process and molecular response to heat, as well as functions identified in studies of climate adaptation in other insects. Our results show that local climate conditions impose strong selection pressures and lead to genomic adaptation despite strong gene flow. Moreover, these results imply that selection to different climatic conditions seems to converge on a functional level, at least between different insect species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0962-1083 , 1365-294X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/mec.2018.27.issue-6
    DOI: 10.1111/mec.14543
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chemical composition of leaf volatiles in Macaranga species (Euphorbiaceae) and their potential role as olfactory cues in host-localization of foundress queens of specific ant partners
    Elsevier BV ; 2006
    In:  Biochemical Systematics and Ecology Vol. 34, No. 2 ( 2006-2), p. 97-113
    Details
    In: Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 34, No. 2 ( 2006-2), p. 97-113
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0305-1978
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2005.08.005
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1499902-X
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Factors and processes shaping the population structure and distribution of genetic variation across the species range of the freshwater snail radix balthica(Pulmonata, Basommatophora)
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2011
    In:  BMC Evolutionary Biology Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2011-12)
    Details
    In: BMC Evolutionary Biology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2011-12)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1471-2148
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-135
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2041493-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3053924-9
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Correction: Corrigendum: The antimicrobial peptide LL37 is a T-cell autoantigen in psoriasis
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2015
    In:  Nature Communications Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2015-03-11)
    Details
    In: Nature Communications, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2015-03-11)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-1723
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7595
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2553671-0
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Transcriptomic responses to predator kairomones in embryos of the aquatic snail Radix balthica
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Ecology and Evolution Vol. 8, No. 22 ( 2018-11), p. 11071-11082
    Details
    In: Ecology and Evolution, Wiley, Vol. 8, No. 22 ( 2018-11), p. 11071-11082
    Abstract: The ability of organisms to respond to predation threat by exhibiting induced defenses is well documented, but studies on the potential mechanistic basis for such responses are scarce. Here, we examine the transcriptomic response to predator kairomones of two functionally distinct developmental stages in embryos of the aquatic snail Radix balthica : E8—the stage at which a range‐finding trial indicated that kairomone‐induced accelerated growth and development first occurred; and E9—the stage at which embryos switched from ciliary‐ to crawling‐driven locomotion. We tested whether expression profiles were influenced by kairomones and whether this influence varied between stages. We also identified potential candidate genes for investigating mechanisms underpinning induced responses. There were 6,741 differentially expressed transcripts between developmental stages, compared to just five in response to predator kairomones. However, on examination of functional enrichment in the transcripts responding to predator kairomones and adopting a less stringent significance threshold, 206 transcripts were identified relating to muscle function, growth, and development, with this response being greater at the later E9 stage. Furthermore, these transcripts included putative annotations for genes identified as responding to predator kairomones in other taxa, including C1q, lectin, and actin domains. Globally, transcript expression appeared reduced in response to predator kairomones and we hypothesize that this might be a result of metabolic suppression, as has been reported in other taxa in response to predation threat.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-7758 , 2045-7758
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2018.8.issue-22
    DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4574
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2635675-2
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cuticular hydrocarbons as potential mediators of cryptic species divergence in a mutualistic ant association
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Ecology and Evolution Vol. 9, No. 16 ( 2019-08), p. 9160-9176
    Details
    In: Ecology and Evolution, Wiley, Vol. 9, No. 16 ( 2019-08), p. 9160-9176
    Abstract: Upon advances in sequencing techniques, more and more morphologically identical organisms are identified as cryptic species. Often, mutualistic interactions are proposed as drivers of diversification. Species of the neotropical parabiotic ant association between Crematogaster levior and Camponotus femoratus are known for highly diverse cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profiles, which in insects serve as desiccation barrier but also as communication cues. In the present study, we investigated the association of the ants’ CHC profiles with genotypes and morphological traits, and discovered cryptic species pairs in both genera. To assess putative niche differentiation between the cryptic species, we conducted an environmental association study that included various climate variables, canopy cover, and mutualistic plant species. Although mostly sympatric, the two Camponotus species seem to prefer different climate niches. However in the two Crematogaster species, we could not detect any differences in niche preference. The strong differentiation in the CHC profiles may thus suggest a possible role during speciation itself either by inducing assortative mating or by reinforcing sexual selection after the speciation event. We did not detect any further niche differences in the environmental parameters tested. Thus, it remains open how the cryptic species avoid competitive exclusion, with scope for further investigations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-7758 , 2045-7758
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ece3.v9.16
    DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5464
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ant behaviour and brain gene expression of defending hosts depend on the ecological success of the intruding social parasite
    The Royal Society ; 2019
    In:  Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Vol. 374, No. 1769 ( 2019-04), p. 20180192-
    Details
    In: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, The Royal Society, Vol. 374, No. 1769 ( 2019-04), p. 20180192-
    Abstract: The geographical mosaic theory of coevolution predicts that species interactions vary between locales. Depending on who leads the coevolutionary arms race, the effectivity of parasite attack or host defence strategies will explain parasite prevalence. Here, we compare behaviour and brain transcriptomes of Temnothorax longispinosus ant workers when defending their nest against an invading social parasite, the slavemaking ant Temnothorax americanus . A full-factorial design allowed us to test whether behaviour and gene expression are linked to parasite pressure on host populations or to the ecological success of parasite populations. Albeit host defences had been shown before to covary with local parasite pressure, we found parasite success to be much more important. Our chemical and behavioural analyses revealed that parasites from high prevalence sites carry lower concentrations of recognition cues and are less often attacked by hosts. This link was further supported by gene expression analysis. Our study reveals that host–parasite interactions are strongly influenced by social parasite strategies, so that variation in parasite prevalence is determined by parasite traits rather than the efficacy of host defence. Gene functions associated with parasite success indicated strong neuronal responses in hosts, including long-term changes in gene regulation, indicating an enduring impact of parasites on host behaviour. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The coevolutionary biology of brood parasitism: from mechanism to pattern’.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0962-8436 , 1471-2970
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2018.0192
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Royal Society
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1462620-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    How ants acclimate: Impact of climatic conditions on the cuticular hydrocarbon profile
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Functional Ecology Vol. 32, No. 3 ( 2018-03), p. 657-666
    Details
    In: Functional Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 32, No. 3 ( 2018-03), p. 657-666
    Abstract: Organisms from temperate zones are exposed to seasonal changes and must be able to cope with a wide range of climatic conditions. Especially ectotherms, including insects, are at risk to desiccate under dry and warm conditions, the more so given the changing climate. To adjust to current conditions, organisms acclimate through changes in physiology, morphology and/or behaviour. Insects protect themselves against desiccation through a layer of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHC) on their body surface. Hence, acclimation may also affect the CHC profile, changing their waterproofing capacity under different climatic conditions. Here, we investigated the acclimation response of two Temnothorax ant species to different climatic conditions. We analysed CHC profiles of queens, nurses and foragers that were acclimated to different humidity × temperature regimes, and tested the beneficial acclimation hypothesis by measuring survival of workers under desiccation‐heat stress. Both ants possessed a species‐specific CHC profile. Nevertheless, they showed similar acclimation responses concerning changes of certain CHC classes, and finally similar survival rates under desiccation‐heat stress. Warm‐acclimated individuals generally showed longer n‐ alkanes, fewer dimethyl alkanes, and more (workers) or less (queens) monomethyl alkanes. In contrast, dry conditions resulted in more n‐ alkanes and fewer mono‐ and dimethyl alkanes, but these acclimatory changes were only observed in workers and not in queens. Warm‐ and dry‐acclimated workers survived desiccation‐heat stress better, but we found no species differences. Our results indicate that both ant species can plastically adjust their cuticular hydrocarbon profile, allowing them to acclimate to different climatic conditions. Although their CHC composition differs in a species‐specific manner, they showed similar chemical adjustments and concomitant changes in survival rate. Hence, chemical plasticity may be critical to determine a species’ climatic range and its survival under changing climatic conditions. A plain language summary is available for this article.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0269-8463 , 1365-2435
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/fec.2018.32.issue-3
    DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13008
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 619313-4
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Unique evolutionary trajectories in repeated adaptation to hydrogen sulphide‐toxic habitats of a neotropical fish ( Poecilia mexicana )
    Wiley ; 2015
    In:  Molecular Ecology Vol. 24, No. 21 ( 2015-11), p. 5446-5459
    Details
    In: Molecular Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 24, No. 21 ( 2015-11), p. 5446-5459
    Abstract: Replicated ecological gradients are prime systems to study processes of molecular evolution underlying ecological divergence. Here, we investigated the repeated adaptation of the neotropical fish Poecilia mexicana to habitats containing toxic hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S) and compared two population pairs of sulphide‐adapted and ancestral fish by sequencing population pools of 〉 200 individuals (Pool‐Seq). We inferred the evolutionary processes shaping divergence and tested the hypothesis of increase of parallelism from SNP s to molecular pathways. Coalescence analyses showed that the divergence occurred in the face of substantial bidirectional gene flow. Population divergence involved many short, widely dispersed regions across the genome. Analyses of allele frequency spectra suggest that differentiation at most loci was driven by divergent selection, followed by a selection‐mediated reduction of gene flow. Reconstructing allelic state changes suggested that selection acted mainly upon de novo mutations in the sulphide‐adapted populations. Using a corrected Jaccard index to quantify parallel evolution, we found a negligible proportion of statistically significant parallel evolution of J corr  = 0.0032 at the level of SNP s, divergent genome regions ( J corr  = 0.0061) and genes therein ( J corr  = 0.0091). At the level of metabolic pathways, the overlap was J corr  = 0.2545, indicating increasing parallelism with increasing level of biological integration. The majority of pathways contained positively selected genes in both sulphide populations. Hence, adaptation to sulphidic habitats necessitated adjustments throughout the genome. The largely unique evolutionary trajectories may be explained by a high proportion of de novo mutations driving the divergence. Our findings favour Gould's view that evolution is often the unrepeatable result of stochastic events with highly contingent effects.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0962-1083 , 1365-294X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/mec.2015.24.issue-21
    DOI: 10.1111/mec.13397
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020749-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1126687-9
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  • 10
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    Gene expression patterns underlying parasite‐induced alterations in host behaviour and life history
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Molecular Ecology Vol. 25, No. 2 ( 2016-01), p. 648-660
    Details
    In: Molecular Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 25, No. 2 ( 2016-01), p. 648-660
    Abstract: Many parasites manipulate their hosts’ phenotype. In particular, parasites with complex life cycles take control of their intermediate hosts’ behaviour and life history to increase transmission to their definitive host. The proximate mechanisms underlying these parasite‐induced alterations are poorly understood. The cestode Anomotaenia brevis affects the behaviour, life history and morphology of parasitized Temnothorax nylanderi ants and indirectly of their unparasitized nestmates. To gain insights on how parasites alter host phenotypes, we contrast brain gene expression patterns of T. nylanderi workers parasitized with the cestode, their unparasitized nestmates and unparasitized workers from unparasitized colonies. Over 400 differentially expressed genes between the three groups were identified, with most uniquely expressed genes detected in parasitized workers. Among these are genes that can be linked to the increased lifespan of parasitized workers. Furthermore, many muscle (functionality) genes are downregulated in these workers, potentially causing the observed muscular deformations and their inactive behaviour. Alterations in lifespan and activity could be adaptive for the parasite by increasing the likelihood that infected workers residing in acorns are eaten by their definitive host, a woodpecker. Our transcriptome analysis reveals numerous gene expression changes in parasitized workers and their uninfected nestmates and indicates possible routes of parasite manipulation. Although causality still needs to be established, parasite‐induced alterations in lifespan and host behaviour appear to be partly explained by morphological muscle atrophy instead of central nervous system interference, which is often the core of behavioural regulation. Results of this study will shed light upon the molecular basis of antagonistic species interactions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0962-1083 , 1365-294X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/mec.2016.25.issue-2
    DOI: 10.1111/mec.13498
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020749-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1126687-9
    SSG: 12
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