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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Future of polio vaccines
    Informa UK Limited ; 2009
    In:  Expert Review of Vaccines Vol. 8, No. 7 ( 2009-07), p. 899-905
    Details
    In: Expert Review of Vaccines, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 8, No. 7 ( 2009-07), p. 899-905
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1476-0584 , 1744-8395
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1586/erv.09.49
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2090861-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Complex Dynamic Development of Poliovirus Membranous Replication Complexes
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2012
    In:  Journal of Virology Vol. 86, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 302-312
    Details
    In: Journal of Virology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 86, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 302-312
    Abstract: Replication of all positive-strand RNA viruses is intimately associated with membranes. Here we utilize electron tomography and other methods to investigate the remodeling of membranes in poliovirus-infected cells. We found that the viral replication structures previously described as “vesicles” are in fact convoluted, branching chambers with complex and dynamic morphology. They are likely to originate from cis -Golgi membranes and are represented during the early stages of infection by single-walled connecting and branching tubular compartments. These early viral organelles gradually transform into double-membrane structures by extension of membranous walls and/or collapsing of the luminal cavity of the single-membrane structures. As the double-membrane regions develop, they enclose cytoplasmic material. At this stage, a continuous membranous structure may have double- and single-walled membrane morphology at adjacent cross-sections. In the late stages of the replication cycle, the structures are represented mostly by double-membrane vesicles. Viral replication proteins, double-stranded RNA species, and actively replicating RNA are associated with both double- and single-membrane structures. However, the exponential phase of viral RNA synthesis occurs when single-membrane formations are predominant in the cell. It has been shown previously that replication complexes of some other positive-strand RNA viruses form on membrane invaginations, which result from negative membrane curvature. Our data show that the remodeling of cellular membranes in poliovirus-infected cells produces structures with positive curvature of membranes. Thus, it is likely that there is a fundamental divergence in the requirements for the supporting cellular membrane-shaping machinery among different groups of positive-strand RNA viruses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-538X , 1098-5514
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JVI.05937-11
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495529-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Activation of Cellular Arf GTPases by Poliovirus Protein 3CD Correlates with Virus Replication
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2007
    In:  Journal of Virology Vol. 81, No. 17 ( 2007-09), p. 9259-9267
    Details
    In: Journal of Virology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 81, No. 17 ( 2007-09), p. 9259-9267
    Abstract: We have previously shown that synthesis of poliovirus protein 3CD in uninfected HeLa cell extracts induces an increased association with membranes of the cellular Arf GTPases, which are key players in cellular membrane traffic. Arfs cycle between an inactive, cytoplasmic, GDP-bound form and an active, membrane-associated, GTP-bound form. 3CD promotes binding of Arf to membranes by initiating recruitment to membranes of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), BIG1 and BIG2. GEFs activate Arf by replacing GDP with GTP. In poliovirus-infected cells, there is a dramatic redistribution of cellular Arf pools that coincides with the reorganization of membranes used to form viral RNA replication complexes. Here we demonstrate that Arf translocation in vitro can be induced by purified recombinant 3CD protein; thus, concurrent translation of viral RNA is not required. Coexpression of 3C and 3D proteins was not sufficient to target Arf to membranes. 3CD expressed in HeLa cells was retained after treatment of the cells with digitonin, indicating that it may interact with a membrane-bound host factor. A F441S mutant of 3CD was shown previously to have lost Arf translocation activity and was also defective in attracting the corresponding GEFs to membranes. A series of other mutations were introduced at 3CD residue F441. Mutations that retained Arf translocation activity of 3CD also supported efficient growth of virus, regardless of their effects on 3D polymerase elongation activity. Those that abrogated Arf activation by 3CD generated quasi-infectious RNAs that produced some plaques from which revertants that always restored the Arf activation property of 3CD were rescued.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-538X , 1098-5514
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00840-07
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495529-5
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Isolation of Enzymatically Active Replication Complexes from Feline Calicivirus-Infected Cells
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2002
    In:  Journal of Virology Vol. 76, No. 17 ( 2002-09), p. 8582-8595
    Details
    In: Journal of Virology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 76, No. 17 ( 2002-09), p. 8582-8595
    Abstract: A membranous fraction that could synthesize viral RNA in vitro in the presence of magnesium salt, ribonucleotides, and an ATP-regenerating system was isolated from feline calicivirus (FCV)-infected cells. The enzymatically active component of this fraction was designated FCV replication complexes (RCs), by analogy to other positive-strand RNA viruses. The newly synthesized RNA was characterized by Northern blot analysis, which demonstrated the production of both full-length (8.0-kb) and subgenomic-length (2.5-kb) RNA molecules similar to those synthesized in FCV-infected cells. The identity of the viral proteins associated with the fraction was investigated. The 60-kDa VP1 major capsid protein was the most abundant viral protein detected. VP2, a minor structural protein encoded by open reading frame 3 (ORF3), was also present. Nonstructural proteins associated with the fraction included the precursor polypeptides Pro-Pol (76 kDa) and p30-VPg (43 kDa), as well as the mature nonstructural proteins p32 (derived from the N-terminal region of the ORF1 polyprotein), p30 (the putative “3A-like” protein), and p39 (the putative nucleoside triphosphatase). The isolation of enzymatically active RCs containing both viral and cellular proteins should facilitate efforts to dissect the contributions of the virus and the host to FCV RNA replication.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-538X , 1098-5514
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.17.8582-8595.2002
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495529-5
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Strand-Specific RNA Synthesis Defects in a Poliovirus with a Mutation in Protein 3A
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2003
    In:  Journal of Virology Vol. 77, No. 23 ( 2003-12), p. 12679-12691
    Details
    In: Journal of Virology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 77, No. 23 ( 2003-12), p. 12679-12691
    Abstract: Substitution of a methionine residue at position 79 in poliovirus protein 3A with valine or threonine caused defective viral RNA synthesis, manifested as delayed onset and reduced yield of viral RNA, in HeLa cells transfected with a luciferase-containing replicon. Viruses containing these same mutations produced small or minute plaques that generated revertants upon further passage, with either wild-type 3A sequences or additional nearby compensating mutations. Translation and polyprotein processing were not affected by the mutations, and 3AB proteins containing the altered amino acids at position 79 showed no detectable loss of membrane-binding activity. Analysis of individual steps of viral RNA synthesis in HeLa cell extracts that support translation and replication of viral RNA showed that VPg uridylylation and negative-strand RNA synthesis occurred normally from mutant viral RNA; however, positive-strand RNA synthesis was specifically reduced. The data suggest that a function of viral protein 3A is required for positive-strand RNA synthesis but not for production of negative strands.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-538X , 1098-5514
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JVI.77.23.12679-12691.2003
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2003
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495529-5
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Interaction of Poly(rC) Binding Protein 2 with the 5′ Noncoding Region of Hepatitis A Virus RNA and Its Effects on Translation
    American Society for Microbiology ; 1998
    In:  Journal of Virology Vol. 72, No. 12 ( 1998-12), p. 9668-9675
    Details
    In: Journal of Virology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 72, No. 12 ( 1998-12), p. 9668-9675
    Abstract: Utilization of internal ribosome entry segment (IRES) structures in the 5′ noncoding region (5′NCR) of picornavirus RNAs for initiation of translation requires a number of host cell factors whose distribution may vary in different cells and whose requirement may vary for different picornaviruses. We have examined the requirement of the cellular protein poly(rC) binding protein 2 (PCBP2) for hepatitis A virus (HAV) RNA translation. PCBP2 has recently been identified as a factor required for translation and replication of poliovirus (PV) RNA. PCBP2 was shown to be present in FRhK-4 cells, which are permissive for growth of HAV, as it is in HeLa cells, which support translation of HAV RNA but which have not been reported to host replication of the virus. Competition RNA mobility shift assays showed that the 5′NCR of HAV RNA competed for binding of PCBP2 with a probe representing stem-loop IV of the PV 5′NCR. The binding site on HAV RNA was mapped to nucleotides 1 to 157, which includes a pyrimidine-rich sequence. HeLa cell extracts that had been depleted of PCBP2 by passage over a PV stem-loop IV RNA affinity column supported only low levels of HAV RNA translation. Translation activity was restored upon addition of recombinant PCBP2 to the depleted extract. Removal of the 5′-terminal 138 nucleotides of the HAV RNA, or removal of the entire IRES, eliminated the dependence of HAV RNA translation on PCBP2.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-538X , 1098-5514
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JVI.72.12.9668-9675.1998
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 1998
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495529-5
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Restricted Replication of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus in Human Lymphoblastoid Cells
    American Society for Microbiology ; 1973
    In:  Journal of Virology Vol. 12, No. 6 ( 1973-12), p. 1272-1278
    Details
    In: Journal of Virology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 12, No. 6 ( 1973-12), p. 1272-1278
    Abstract: Replication of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is restricted in one human lymphoblastoid cell line (Raji), but not in another similar cell line (Wil-2), compared with growth in HeLa cells. This restriction is characterized by a low proportion of cells yielding infectious virus and is associated with limited production of 42 S virion RNA. Primary transcription of 13 S and 26 S VSV-specific RNA is not restricted in Raji cells, and the 13 S RNA produced contains adenylate-rich sequences. This suggests that the block in Raji cells involves some step required for the replication of virion RNA.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-538X , 1098-5514
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/jvi.12.6.1272-1278.1973
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 1973
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495529-5
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Involvement of Cellular Membrane Traffic Proteins in Poliovirus Replication
    Informa UK Limited ; 2007
    In:  Cell Cycle Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2007-01), p. 36-38
    Details
    In: Cell Cycle, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2007-01), p. 36-38
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1538-4101 , 1551-4005
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4161/cc.6.1.3683
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2102687-7
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cytoplasm from Poliovirus-infected HeLa Cells inhibits Cell-free Haemoglobin Synthesis
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 1971
    In:  Nature New Biology Vol. 230, No. 11 ( 1971-3), p. 91-94
    Details
    In: Nature New Biology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 230, No. 11 ( 1971-3), p. 91-94
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0090-0028 , 2058-1092
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/newbio230091a0
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 1971
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2590703-7
    SSG: 11
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Expression and characterization of poliovirus proteins 3BVPg, 3Cpro, and 3Dpol in recombinant baculovirus-infected Spodoptera frugiperda cells
    Elsevier BV ; 1991
    In:  Virus Research Vol. 19, No. 2-3 ( 1991-5), p. 173-188
    Details
    In: Virus Research, Elsevier BV, Vol. 19, No. 2-3 ( 1991-5), p. 173-188
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0168-1702
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/0168-1702(91)90044-V
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 1991
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1500820-4
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