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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Hematological Profiles in Hemoglobinopathy Patients in South Western Nepal
    Nepal Journals Online (JOL) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2020-07-02), p. 27-32
    Details
    In: Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences, Nepal Journals Online (JOL), Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2020-07-02), p. 27-32
    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Homozygous inheritance of the hemoglobin results in sickle cell anemia (SCA), heterozygous inheritance results in sickle cell trait (SCT). Sickle cell anemia and β-thalasemia (β-TT) have been a major health threat for the tharu living in the South-Western Terai of  Nepal. This study is carried out to apply and optimise the phenotypic method and haematological profile to characterise the SCT, SCA and β-TT from suspected tharu community dwellers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We enrolled 100 suspected cases of hemoglobinopathies of 12-14 years children and ≥15 years adults tharu community dwellers from Dang, Kapilvastu, Nepalgunj, Rupandehi and Nawalparasi of South-Western Nepal from May 2018 to November 2018. Five mililitre of blood was collected in EDTA vial and transported to the laboratory maintaining cold chain. The hematological profile was recorded after investigations. The hemolysate from blood samples were subjected to phenotypic testing by adopting cellulose acetate electrophoresis at pH 8.6. RESULTS: Our result showed the commonest hemoglobinopathy was SCT (38%) followed by β-TT (21%) and SCA (5%). Males were more affected with SCA (60%) while that of females were most affected with β-TT (57.1%). Only 44.7% females were affected with SCT while 42.9% males were affected with β-TT. The significant difference in mean was observed in Hb level (p=0.0001), RBC (p=0.004), MCHC (p=0.015) and RDW (p=0.028) whereas the non-significant difference in mean was observed for glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) level (p=0.063) in hemoglobinopathy patients. CONCLUSION: Most cases develop severe type of anemia as shown by change in hematological parameters. This information could advocate for timely counselling before constellation of associated condition appeared in hemoglobinopathy patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2350-8582 , 2091-2846
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3126/jucms.v8i1.29813
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Nepal Journals Online (JOL)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Porphyria: a case report
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Medical Case Reports Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2022-12-28)
    Details
    In: Journal of Medical Case Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2022-12-28)
    Abstract: Prompt diagnosis of metabolic disorders in a resource-limited country like Nepal is daunting. Acute intermittent porphyria is a rare but common hepatic porphyria mostly seen in females of the reproductive age group. As its incidence is quite uncommon, conjectures about porphyria diagnosis are often duped into a diagnostic conundrum. Case presentation Here we unravel a case of a 15-year-old Hindu Nepalese girl distraught by the myriad of symptoms in the setting of severe abdominal pain accompanied by constipation and limb pain as the chief complaints. She presented with acute severe hypertension with marked persistent hyponatremia (up to 109 mEq/L). Despite conservative management of hypertension and electrolytes, unresolved electrolyte imbalance led us to the speculation of disturbance in the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. Due to her exacerbating neurovisceral status, she also required intensive care during the disease course. After thorough investigations and exemption of presumed provisional diagnoses, based on sustained symptomatic presentation, the clinical suspicion was driven towards a diagnosis of porphyria-related disorders. Positive Watson-Schwartz test substantiated the diagnosis of acute intermittent porphyria. Her symptoms gradually abated after the consumption of high carbohydrate diets. Conclusion This case highlights the baffling amalgamation of symptoms that simulate common diseases of concern yet are buried in the realm of porphyric disorders. Porphyria can be diagnosed using simple screening tools and timely treatment can diminish serious consequences.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1752-1947
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s13256-022-03708-w
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2269805-X
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Biochemical spectrum of parathyroid hormone disorders in patients attending Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  SAGE Open Medicine Vol. 11 ( 2023-01)
    Details
    In: SAGE Open Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 11 ( 2023-01)
    Abstract: This study intends to determine the association of parathormone with vitamin D and other biochemical parameters (calcium and phosphate) and evaluate the relationship between low vitamin D and parathormone levels. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 310 study participants over the period of 1 year. Patients who underwent laboratory investigations for vitamin D, parathormone, calcium, and phosphate in the Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory at the Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital were included. Serum intact parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, calcium, and phosphate were measured in Abbott Architect (ci4100) integrated system autoanalyzer. Results: Among the 310 study participants, 177 (57%) were males and 43% were females. The mean age of the patient was 47.09 ± 19.01 years. High intact parathyroid hormone ( 〉 68 pg/ml) was observed in 73% of the patients. Low vitamin D ( 〈 20 ng/ml) was present in 30.2% of the patients. The findings from our study depict that there is a negative significant correlation between intact parathyroid hormone levels, vitamin D, and calcium levels and a positive correlation between intact parathyroid hormone and phosphate levels ( p  〈  0.001). Conclusions: The findings from our study illustrate that there is a swapping drift in the profile of hyperparathyroidism in the Nepalese population. We report the presence of hyperparathyroidism in the middle age group than in the older age group contradictory to that reported in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2050-3121 , 2050-3121
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/20503121231182204
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2735399-0
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Product of Serum Calcium and Phosphorus (Ca x Pi) as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
    Nepal Journals Online (JOL) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2020-07-02), p. 23-26
    Details
    In: Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences, Nepal Journals Online (JOL), Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2020-07-02), p. 23-26
    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Most of the chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) in their later stages. Various traditional CVD risk factors are highly prevalent in CKD but mortality of these patients cannot be fully justified by these CVD markers. So this study was designed to determine serum calcium and phosphorus product (Ca×Pi) to predict CVD risk in CKD patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS We followed the guidelines of NKF-KDOQI for CKD diagnosis and staging. Further the patients were classified into 3 different groups based on Ca×Pi product; 〈 40 mg2/dl2 (group 1), 40-55 mg2/dl2 (group 2) and 〉 55 mg2/dl2 (group 3). We then evaluated CVD risk by various traditional risk factors like age, BMI, BP, smoking history, dyslipidemia, previous history of CVD, LVH, arrhythmia, VHD, cardiomyopathy, and IHD. RESULTS: Higher level of Ca×Pi was associated with presence of LVH (32.30% in group 1, 31.42% in group 2 and 46.66% in group 3), Arrythemia (13.84% in group 1, 28.57% in group 2 and 46.67% in group 3), VHD (5.71% in group 2 and 10.00% in group 3), Cardiomyopathy (1.53% in group 1, 8.57% I group 2 and 6.66% in group 3), IHD (6.15% in group1, 11.42% in group 2 and 13.33% in group 3) and hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and increased LDLc. CONCLUSION: This study found that higher Ca×Pi increases with decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and associated with CVD risks and CVD. So, this study raise a potential need to evaluate the level of calcium and phosphorus in all CKD patients and the level should be monitored more thoroughly to prevent CVD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2350-8582 , 2091-2846
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3126/jucms.v8i1.29829
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Nepal Journals Online (JOL)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Positive Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody among Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Visiting an Infertility Clinic at a Tertiary Care Centre
    Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA) ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Nepal Medical Association Vol. 61, No. 268 ( 2023-12-01), p. 941-944
    Details
    In: Journal of Nepal Medical Association, Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA), Vol. 61, No. 268 ( 2023-12-01), p. 941-944
    Abstract: Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is the most common endocrine-metabolic disorder, affecting women of reproductive age groups, which shares various symptoms with thyroid dysfunctions. Despite it predisposition of aforesaid cohorts to autoimmunity, these etiologies have not adequately been studied in them. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of positive thyroid peroxidase antibodies among women with polycystic ovarian syndrome visiting an infertility clinic at a tertiary care centre. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care centre among patients visiting the infertility clinic at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology from 21 September 2022 to 21 February 2023. Biochemical analysis of thyroid hormones, gonadal hormones, anti-mullerian hormone and thyroid peroxidase antibody were done in Abbott ARCHITECT ci4100 and SNIBE Maglumi 800 autoanalyzer. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Among 70 participants, thyroid peroxidase antibody was positive in 16 (22.86%) (13.02-32.69, 95% Confidence Interval). The mean age of the patients was 28.25±5.26 years. In the individuals with thyroid-stimulating hormone below 2.5 mIU/l, 5 (31.25%) had positive thyroid peroxidase antibody titre. Conclusions: The prevalence of positive thyroid peroxidase antibodies among women with polycystic ovarian syndrome is similar to other studies done in similar settings. Regular monitoring of thyroid peroxidase antibodies is recommended in these women to guide conception in order to evade inevitable adverse pregnancy outcomes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1815-672X , 0028-2715
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.31729/jnma.8366
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2209910-4
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Metabolic and biochemical profile in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome attending tertiary care centre of central NEPAL
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  BMC Women's Health Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2023-04-28)
    Details
    In: BMC Women's Health, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2023-04-28)
    Abstract: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age group and is highly associated with an increased risk of diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and hyper estrogen-related malignancies in women with PCOS. This study was intended to assess the metabolic and hormonal profile of the patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome attending a tertiary care hospital. Methodology A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 107 women diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome from the Department of Clinical Biochemistry of Tribhuvan University and Teaching Hospital. Descriptive analysis was performed to determine the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants. Bivariate analysis was conducted to determine using a t-test for comparing means between two groups and ANOVA for comparing the hormonal and metabolic parameters. Results The mean age of the participants was 27 ± 4 years. This study showed that blood pressure was significantly higher in overweight and obese women (p = 0.001). The obese group had significantly higher serum TSH than the normal group (10.04 vs. 2.73, p = 0.001). Abnormal glucose and hyperinsulinemia were present in 4% of the patients, while 40% had Vitamin D deficiency. Hypothyroidism (TSH ≥ 4.5 mIU/ml) was found in 11% of the PCOS participants with a mean value of 6.65 ± 21.17 mIU/ml. Hyperprolactinemia ≥ 26.8 ng/ml was depicted in 21% of the study population with a mean value of 37.25 ± 21.86 ng/ml. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that PCOS is most commonly prevalent in young women of the reproductive age group which can lead to reproductive, metabolic, and oncological complications in the long term. LH/ FSH ratio was found to be significantly deranged indicating that PCOS should be diagnosed and treated early in the adolescent age group.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1472-6874
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02379-z
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2050444-5
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Association of Low Vitamin D and intact Parathyroid Hormone (iPTH) in Nepalese population: When does iPTH exactly rise?
    The Endocrine Society ; 2023
    In:  Journal of the Endocrine Society
    Details
    In: Journal of the Endocrine Society, The Endocrine Society
    Abstract: Vitamin D deficiency is a global public health concern, which provokes bone demineralization and weakening. In response to the decreased vitamin D level, calcium stores worn out. The homeostatic effect of compensatory hyperparathyroidism in vitamin D deficiency incites variable discrepancies in different population. This study intends to decipher the transition point of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in relation to levels of vitamin D in Nepalese population. A cross-sectional study was carried out at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Nepal. Serum calcium, phosphorus, intact PTH and 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels were assayed in Abbott ARCHITECT Integrated System. A correlation plot of PTH and vitamin D was analyzed in SPSS version 22.0. Using LOWESS (Locally Weighted Scatter plot Smoothing) method, the relation between these variables was presented graphically. Among 281 individuals, 30.2% had vitamin D levels below 20 ng/ml. There was an archetypical transition in the PTH levels in concert with the decrease in vitamin D level marked by two inflection points viz. 18.5 and 42.0 ng/ml. Our findings suggest that to augment overall health and avert weakness due to vitamin D deficiency, the levels of vitamin D should be maintained above 42.0 ng/ml in our population.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2472-1972
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad143
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Endocrine Society
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2881023-5
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    High Serum Homocysteine among Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Visiting an Infertility Clinic of a Tertiary Care Centre
    Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA) ; 2024
    In:  Journal of Nepal Medical Association Vol. 62, No. 270 ( 2024-02-24), p. 82-84
    Details
    In: Journal of Nepal Medical Association, Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA), Vol. 62, No. 270 ( 2024-02-24), p. 82-84
    Abstract: Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age which is characterized by hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovarian morphology, ovarian dysfunction, and hyperinsulinemia. Increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease and higher cardiovascular morbidity is seen in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of high serum homocysteine levels among women with polycystic ovarian syndrome visiting an infertility clinic of a tertiary care centre. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among women with polycystic ovarian syndrome visiting an infertility clinic at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of a tertiary care centre from 1 June 2023 to 1 September 2023. The study was conducted after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Biochemical analysis of gonadal hormones, serum homocysteine and lipid profile was done. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% confidence interval. Results: Among 76 women, the prevalence of high serum homocysteine level was found in 54 (71.05%) (60.86-81.25, 95% Confidence Interval). The mean age of patients was 27.46±6.18 years. Conclusions: The prevalence of high homocysteine levels among women with polycystic ovarian syndrome is higher than other studies done in similar settings.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1815-672X , 0028-2715
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.31729/jnma.8411
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA)
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2209910-4
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Association of Thyroid Profile and Prolactin Level in patient with Secondary Amenorrhea
    Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia ; 2016
    In:  Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol. 23, No. 5 ( 2016), p. 51-56
    Details
    In: Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences, Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, Vol. 23, No. 5 ( 2016), p. 51-56
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1394-195X , 2180-4303
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.21315/mjms2016.23.5
    DOI: 10.21315/mjms
    DOI: 10.21315/mjms2016.23.5.7
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2197205-9
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Effect of neodymium doping on microwave absorption property of barium hexaferrite in X-band
    IOP Publishing ; 2020
    In:  Materials Research Express Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 2020-01-01), p. 016109-
    Details
    In: Materials Research Express, IOP Publishing, Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 2020-01-01), p. 016109-
    Abstract: M-type barium hexaferrite (BaFe 12 O 19 ) particles are synthesized by using sol-gel auto-combustion reaction for microwave absorption study in X-band. Three different materials namely BaNd 0.02 Fe 11.98 O 19 (Nd2), BaNd 0.04 Fe 11.96 O 19 (Nd4) and BaNd 0.06 Fe 11.94 O 19 (Nd6) have been developed by varying doping of neodymium in barium hexaferrite. The synthesis of particles has been confirmed using SEM micrographs and XRD diffraction pattern. The hysteresis study is carried out for saturation magnetization using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). As the doping concentration of neodymium increases, the saturation magnetization of the material is decreased from 47.272 emu g −1 to 16.479 emu g −1 . The vector network analyzer (VNA) is used for complex permittivity and complex permeability measurements of the developed materials. Nd4 material shows highest values of permittivity and permeability losses among other developed materials. From the complex permittivity and complex permeability, the reflection loss results of the developed materials have been calculated. The maximum reflection loss of −33.17 dB was obtained for 2.2 mm pallet of BaNd 0.04 Fe 11.96 and −10 dB bandwidth reaches 2.94 GHz.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2053-1591
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1088/2053-1591/ab6544
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2760382-9
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