Abstract: Comprehensive profiling of actionable mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is vital to guide targeted therapy, thereby improving the survival rate of patients. Despite the high incidence and mortality rate of NSCLC in Vietnam, the actionable mutation profiles of Vietnamese patients have not been thoroughly examined. Here, we employed massively parallel sequencing to identify alterations in major driver genes ( EGFR , KRAS, NRAS, BRAF , ALK and ROS1 ) in 350 Vietnamese NSCLC patients. We showed that the Vietnamese NSCLC patients exhibited mutations most frequently in EGFR (35.4%) and KRAS (22.6%), followed by ALK (6.6%), ROS1 (3.1%), BRAF (2.3%) and NRAS (0.6%). Interestingly, the cohort of Vietnamese patients with advanced adenocarcinoma had higher prevalence of EGFR mutations than the Caucasian MSK-IMPACT cohort. Compared to the East Asian cohort, it had lower EGFR but higher KRAS mutation prevalence. We found that KRAS mutations were more commonly detected in male patients while EGFR mutations was more frequently found in female. Moreover, younger patients ( 〈 61 years) had higher genetic rearrangements in ALK or ROS1 . In conclusions, our study revealed mutation profiles of 6 driver genes in the largest cohort of NSCLC patients in Vietnam to date, highlighting significant differences in mutation prevalence to other cohorts.

Abstract: A prospective descriptive study was conducted from August 2021 to September 2021 to describe the clinical and subclinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients at the field hospital of Dong Thap Community College. The study collected epidemiological data of 240 subjects. The results indicated that the male/female ratio was 1.2/1; the mean age was 29.2±15.1 (1- 65 years old). The most typical clinical symptoms of the disease are cough (45.8%), fever (45%), stuffy nose (21.7%), anosmia (13.8%), ageusia (12.9%), and shortness of breath (4.6%). Most patients have mild symptoms and a high recovery rate. This study contributes to a general assessment of clinical, subclinical factors, treatment results of COVID-19 patients in general and COVID-19 subjects at the field hospital of Dong Thap Community College in particular, which is the basis for better disease prevention measures. Keywords: COVID-19, clinical features, Ct index, treatment results. References [1] H. A. Rothan, S. N. Byrareddy, The Epidemiology and Pathogenesis of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) outbreak, J. Autoimmun, Vol. 109, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102433.[2] D. Cucinotta, WHO Declares COVID-19 a Pandemic, Acta Biomed, Vol. 91, No.1, 2020, pp. 157-160, https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v91i1.9397.[3] WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard, Global Situation, https://covid19.who.int/ ( accessed on: January 19th, 2022).[4] Y. Xie, Z. Wang, Epidemiologic, Clinical, and Laboratory Findings of the COVID-19 in the Current Pandemic: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis, BMC Infectious Diseases, Vol. 20, 2020, pp. 640, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-020-05371-2.[5] T. V. Giang, N. T. Ngoc, Clinical and Subclinical Characteristics of Patients With Pneumonia Cause by COVID-19 Treated at National Hospital of Tropical Diseases, Vietnam Medical Journal, Vol. 509, 2021, pp. 348-351 https://doi.org/10.51298/vmj.v509i1.1770 (in Vietnamese ).[6] W. J. Guan, Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China, N Engl J Med, Vol. 382, 2020, pp.1708-1720, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2020.04.004.[7] Y. Lee, Prevalence and Duration of Acute Loss of Smell or Taste in COVID-19 Patients, J Korean Med Sci, Vol. 35, No. 18, 2020, pp.174, https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e174.[8] A. Singanayagam, Duration of Infectiousness and Correlation with RT-PCR Cycle Threshold Values in Cases of COVID-19, England, January to May 2020, Euro Surveill, Vol. 25, No. 32, 2020, https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.32. 2001483.[9] A. Jain, Is There a Correlation Between Viral Load and Olfactory & Taste Dysfunction in COVID-19 Patients?, Am J Otolaryngol, Vol. 42, No. 3,2020, pp.102911, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjoto.2021.102911.      

Abstract: This paper aims to describe the similarities and differences in fungal laryngitis’ clinical characteristics, endoscopic, and stroboscopic imaging between patients with positive and non-positive fungal identification results. The study enrolled 48 patients diagnosed with fungal laryngitis by the Endoscopy Department in the National ENT Hospital of Vietnam from August 2019 to March 2020. The study results show that the patients in both groups had dysphonia (100%), with insignificant difference in the severity. However, the patients in the Positive group were more likely to go to hospital right in the first month of the symptom (55%), whereas the patients in the Non-positive group usually waited for more than 3 months (57.1%), (p 〈 0.05). In endoscopic imaging, fungal pseudomembrane could be found mainly on the vocal cords in both groups, with instances spreading to the subglottis (15%) and trachea (5%) in the Positive group (p 〈 0.05). The tissue layer of the patients in the Positive group was mostly inflamed, meanwhile the patients in the Non-positive group were more prone to swelling tissue (67.9%), (p 〈 0.05). In stroboscopic imaging, the difference was minimal. The patients in the Positive group were more likely to lose the mucosal wave formation (60%) than in the Non-positive group (46.4%). There were also insignificant differences in the mucosal wave’s characteristics: asymmetry (50% in the Positive group; 66.7% in Non-positive group), diverse periodicity (50% in the Positive group; 33.3% in the Non-positive group). The paper concludes that there were differences between the two groups of patients and the clinical, endoscopic and stroboscopic findings, fungal identification should be further implemented for definitive diagnosis in patients with fungal laryngitis.   Keywords Fungal laryngitis, dysphonia, endoscopic imaging, stroboscopic imaging, fungal identification. References [1] G.D. Brown, D.W. Denning, N.A.R. Gow, and S.M. Levitz, Hidden killers: Human fungal infections. SciTransl Med (4) (2012) 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3004404 [2] M. Pal, Veterinary and medical mycology. 1st ed. New Delhi: Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2007.[3] H. Luong, Diagnosis and treatment in patients with fungal laryngitis, Doctoral thesis, Hanoi Medical University, 2004.[4] D. Thai, D. Nguyen, Diagnosis and treatment in fungal laryngitis, Ho Chi Minh Med 15(1) (2011) 222-227.[5] J. Guinea, and M. Torres - Narbona, Pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: incidence, risk factors, and outcome. Clin Microbiol Infect. 16 (7) (2010) 870-877. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.03015.x[6] J.M. Wood, Theodore Anthanasiadis, and Jacqui Allen. 2009. Laryngitis. BMJ (349) (2009) 5827. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g5827.[7] A. Chindamporn, A. Chakrabarti, and R. Li, Survey of laboratory practices for diagnosis of fungal infection in seven Asian countries: An Asia Fungal Working Group (AFWG) initiative, Med Mycol 56 (2018) 416 - 425. https://doi.org/ 10.1093/mmy/myx066 [8] R. Pribuisiene, V. Uloza, and P Kupcinskas, Perceptual and acoustic characteristics of voice changes in reflux laryngitis patients. J Voice 20 (1) (2006) 128 - 136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.12.001.      

Abstract: Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm đường hô hấp trên trong hội chứng ngừng thở tắc nghẽn khi ngủ. Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu in vivo, người đánh giá độc lập, thực hiện trên 12 bệnh nhân có mắc hội chứng ngừng thở tắc nghẽn khi ngủ mức độ nặng qua đo đa ký giấc ngủ. Tất cả mẫu nghiên cứu được nội soi đường hô hấp trên bằng ống nội soi mềm qua đường mũi trong giấc ngủ được tạo ra bằng thuốc gây mê. Đánh giá vị trí, cấu hình xẹp và mức độ xẹp theo phân loại VOTE của Kerizian và cộng sự năm 2011 [1]. Kết quả: Mô tả đặc điểm DISE ở 12 bệnh nhân ngừng thở tắc nghẽn khi ngủ mức độ nặng (có chỉ số AHI 53.18±15.75/giờ, Chỉ số khối cơ thể 25.33±1.95 kg/m(2), tuổi 45.75±13.53 tuổi, tỷ lệ nữ:nam là 1:2) trước khi lựa chọn kế hoạch phẫu thuật. Qua phân tích có tới 7 bệnh nhân (58.3%) có xẹp nhiều hơn một tầng tại đường hô hấp trên và bệnh nhân xẹp đa tầng có chỉ số AHI và BMI cao hơn bệnh nhân xẹp đơn tầng có ý nghĩa thống kê với p 〈 0.05 (56.54±16.67 so với 51.64±16.39 và 25.83±1.75 so với 24.98±2.14) và các vị trí xẹp nắp thanh thiệt hay xẹp họng miệng, màn hầu, đáy lưỡi có chỉ số AHI khác biệt và sự khác biệt về tuổi và chênh lệch giới giữa nhóm bệnh nhân xẹp đa tầng và đơn tầng không có ý nghĩa thống kê (p 〉 0.05). Kết luận: Việc thực hiện DISE phát hiện tỷ lệ xẹp đa tầng tại đường hô hấp trên ở bệnh nhân ngừng thở tắc nghẽn mức độ nặng là cao. Do vậy, chúng tôi đề xuất DISE là công cụ lựa chọn đánh giá đường hô hấp trên cho những bệnh nhân ngừng thở tắc nghẽn mức độ nặng có chỉ định phẫu thuật.

Abstract: Introduction: Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans are the most common pathogenic fungi found in Vietnam. Fungal laryngitis has yet to be thoroughly investigated due to the rarity of the disease. This study aimed to describe the clinical, endoscopic and stroboscopic imaging characteristics among patients with fungal laryngitis. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 48 patients diagnosed with fungal laryngitis at the Endoscopy Department of the National Ear- Nose-Throat Hospital of Vietnam from August 2019 to March 2020. Clinical, endoscopic and stroboscopic imaging characteristics among patients with fungal laryngitis were reported. Results: The rate of fungal laryngitis was higher in men compared to women (men/women ratio: 2.2/1). All patients had dysphonia (100%), while other symptoms included coughing (64.6%) and foreign body sensation (50%). In laryngeal endoscopy, fungal pseudo-membrane was thick with white layer (56.3%) on the vocal cords (100%). In laryngeal stroboscopy, less than half of patients had mucosal wave formation (47.9%). The success rate of fungal culture identification was not high (41.7%), with Aspergillus fumigatus as the main pathogenic fungus (90%). Conclusions: Patients with fungal laryngitis in our setting developed prolonged dysphonia. By using endoscopic imaging and stroboscopic imaging, layers of fungal pseudo-membrane on the vocal cords could be observed and extracted for diagnosis.

Abstract: This study describes clinical and subclinical features of 30 patients with airway foreign body at the Endoscopy Department, National Otorhinolaryngology Hospital of Vietnam from August 2018 to February 2020. The study results show that airway foreign body was commonly found in patients aged over 18 (43.33%); male-female ratio was 1.7:1; cough and shortness of breath were two common symptoms with 96.67% and 73.33%, respectively; penetration syndrome was the common clinical symptom with 93.33%; 20% of the airway foreign body cases were detected by X-ray; 100% of the airway foreign body cases were diagnosed by endoscopy; 53.33% of the cases were cured in one day; and 93.33% of the cases showed good treatment results. The study concludes that airway foreign bodies can be detected in all ages with more men than women; penetration syndrome with cough and shortness of breath suggests symptoms of airway foreign bodies; and endoscopy of bronchial airways is the leading method to diagnose and remove airway foreign bodies. Keywords Airway foreign body, clinical, subclinical. References [1] V.T. Quang, Otorhinorarynology Textbook, Vietnam National University Press, Hanoi, 2017 (in Vietnamese).[2] A.M. Salih, M. Alfaki and D.M. Alam-Elhuda, Airway foreign bodies: A critical review for a common pediatric emergency, National Central for Biotechnology Information, 2016, 7: 5-12. http://doi.org/10.5847/wjem.j.1920 8642.2016.01.001 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4786499/[3] D.D. Tuoc, Forgotten airway foreign body, The Second Degree Specialist Graduation Thesis, Hanoi Medical University, 1978 (in Vietnamese).[4] N.D. Khang, N.N. Lien, Airway foreign body cases in National Otorhinolarygology Hospital of Vietnam from 1998 to 2001, The Second Degree Specialist Graduation Thesis, Hanoi Medical University, 2001 (in Vietnamese).[5] V.L. Phuoc, Airway foreign bodies in Otorhinorarygology Department at Hue Central Hospital, The Second Degree Specialist Graduation Thesis, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2003 (in Vietnamese). [6] L.S. Can, P.K. Hoa, Airway foreign body, in: L.S. Can, Otorhinorarynology Emergency, Medical Publishing House, Hanoi, 1991, pp 32-38 (in Vietnamese).[7] C.Y. Chiu, K.S. Wong, S.H. Lai, S.H. Hsia, C.T.Wu. Factors predicting early diagnosis of foreign body aspiration in children. Polish Journal of Otolaryngology 21 (2005) 161–164. https://doi.org/10.5604/00306657.1184544      

Abstract: Abstract: Late Miocene biostratigraphy of coaly sediments in the Southeastern Red River Delta are basically interpreted from the analyses of foraminifera, palynology with referencing analyses of petrographic thin section, grain-size and physicochemistry, from the samples of 3 boreholes. Late Miocene/Pliocene stratigraphical boundary is marked by the appearances of planktonic foraminifera as Neogloboquadrina acostaensis; Globigerinoides ruber, G. bulloides, G. conglobatus. Sedimentary environments were: tidal flats in the Earlier of Late Miocene; tidal flats and coastal marshes in the Middle of Late Miocene; tidal flats and coastal marshes intercalated with neritic shallow sea in the Later of Late Miocene. The Late Miocene paleoclimate in the study area was characterized by  hot subtropical regime in the earlier, changed into tropical intercalated with cooler period in the middle and ended with colder subtropical regime in  the later. Keywords: biostratigraphy, coaly sediments, Late Miocene, foraminifera, palynology, paleoclimate. References: [1] Vũ Xuân Doanh, Báo cáo Tổng kết địa chất và độ chứa than miền võng Hà Nội, Lưu trữ Trung tâm Thông tin Lưu trữ Địa chất, Hà Nội, 1986.[2] Vũ Nhật Thắng (chủ biên), Báo cáo đo vẽ bản đồ địa chất và tìm kiếm khoáng sản tỷ lệ 1/50.000 nhóm tờ Nam Định – Thái Bình, Lưu trữ Trung tâm Thông tin Lưu trữ Địa chất, Hà Nội, 1995.[3] Tập đoàn Công nghiệp Than – Khoáng sản Việt Nam, Tóm tắt báo cáo kết quả thi công đề án Thăm dò than khu Nam Thịnh, huyện Tiền Hải, tỉnh Thái Bình, Lưu Tập đoàn Công nghiệp Than – Khoáng sản Việt Nam, Hà Nội, 2016.[4] Trương Cam Bảo, Cổ sinh vật học, Nhà xuất bản Đại học và trung học chuyện nghiệp, Hà Nội, 1980.[5] Nguyễn Ngọc, Nguyễn Hữu Cử, Đỗ Bạt, Hóa thạch Trùng lỗ (foraminifera) Kainozoi thềm lục địa và các vùng lân cận ở Việt Nam, NXB Viện Khoa học và Công nghệ Việt Nam, Hà Nội, 2006.[6] M. E. Zubkovits, Phương pháp nghiên cứu cổ sinh địa tầng – cơ sở sinh địa tầng, Nhà xuất bản khoa họa và kỹ thuật, Hà Nội, 1978. (người dịch: Trịnh Dánh, Nguyễn Ngọc, Nguyễn Văn Trinh). [7] Đỗ Bạt (chủ biên), Định danh và liên kết địa tầng trầm tích Đệ Tam thềm lục địa Việt Nam, Báo cáo tổng kết nhiệm vụ nghiên cứu khoa học cấp ngành, Lưu Viện Dầu khí Việt Nam, Hà Nội. 2001.[8] Đỗ Bạt, Nguyễn Địch Dỹ, Phan Huy Quynh, Phạm Hồng Quế, Nguyễn Quý Hùng, Đỗ Việt Hiếu, Địa tầng các bể trầm tích Kainozoi Việt Nam, Địa chất và tài nguyên dầu khí Việt Nam, NXB Khoa học Kỹ thuật. Hà Nội, 2007.[9] Dương Xuân Hảo (Chủ biên), Hóa thạch đặc trưng ở miền Bắc Việt Nam, NXB Khoa học và Kỹ thuật, Hà Nội, 1980.[10] Mai Văn Lạc, Vũ Anh Thư, Đỗ Thị Bích Thược, Phân dị sinh thái và phân dị tiến hóa của Foraminifera Vịnh Bắc Bộ, Tạp chí các Khoa học về trái đất 31(2), 2009, 139-147.[11] Nguyễn Ngọc, Nguyễn Xuân Phong, Một số nét về hóa thạch Trùng lỗ kích thước lớn và ý nghĩa của việc nghiên cứu đối tượng này. Tạp chí Thăm dò – Khai thác Dầu khí, 5 (2016) 22-28.[12] J.A. Cushman, Foraminifera and their classification and economic use, Contribution from the Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research 4 (1928) 1-401.[13] J.A. Cushman, The Foraminifera of the tropical Pacific collections of the “Albatross”, 1899-1900. Pt.2-Lagenidae to Alveolinellidae. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., Washington, 161 (1933) [14] J.P. Debenay, A Guide to 1,000 Foraminifera from Southwestern Pacific New Caledonia. IRD Editions. Institut de recherche pourle développement. Paris: Marseille, Publications Scientifiques du Muséum, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, 2012, 1–378.[15] Trần Đình Nhân, Áp dụng phương pháp phân tích bào tử phấn hoa vào việc nghiên cứu địa chất ở nước ta”, Nội san Địa chất, 5 (1962) 22-23.[16] G. Erdtman, 1943, An Introduction to Pollen Analysis. Waltham, Mass. 1943, 1-239.[17] G. Erdtman, 1952, Pollen Morphology and Plant Taxonomy, Angiosperms (An Introduction to Palynology. 1), Stockholm, 1952, pp. 1-539.[18] Phạm Quang Trung (chủ biên), Các phức hệ bào tử phấn hoa trong trầm tích Paleogen bắc bể Sông Hồng và vùng ven rìa, mối quan hệ của chúng với môi trường trầm tích. Báo cáo nhiệm vụ cấp ngành dầu khí, Viện Dầu khí Việt Nam, 1998.[19] Đinh Văn Thuận, Các phức hệ bào tử phấn hoa trong trầm tích Đệ tứ đồng bằng Nam bộ, ý nghĩa địa tầng và cổ địa lý của chúng, Luận án Tiến sĩ Địa chất, Đại học Mỏ-Địa chất Hà Nội. Hà Nội, 2005.[20] V. Mosbrugger, T. Utescher, The coexistence approach-a method for quantitative reconstructions of Tertiary terrestrial paleoclimate data using plant fossils, Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 134 (1997) 61-86.[21] J.P. Suc, Origin and evolution of the Mediterranean vegetation and climate in the Europe. Macmillan Journal Ltd, 1984, pp. 429-435.[22] P.B. Tomlinson, The botany of mangroves. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1986, pp. 1-413.[23] A. M. Ellison, Mangrove restoration: Do we know enough?. Restoration ecology, 2000, pp. 142-155.[24] Gozalo Jiménez-Moreno, Martin Head, Mathias Harzhauser, Early and Middle Miocen dinoflagellate cyst stratigraphy of the Central Paratethys, Central Europe. The Micropaleotological Society, 2005, pp. 113-139.[25] Yong Quan, Shuai Wang, Ming Gu, Jun Kuang. Field measurement of wind speeds and wind-induced responses atop the Shanghai world financial center under normal climate conditions. Hindawi publishing corporation, 2013, pp.1-14.[26] W.H. Blow, Late middle Miocene to Recent planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy. In Bronnimann, P.Renz, H.H (eds), Proceedings of the First International Conference on Planktonic Microfossils, Geneva 1967 Vol. 1, 1969, pp.199-422.[27] Berggren, Van Couvering, Neogen chronostratigraphy, planktonic foraminiferal zonation and the radiometric time scale. W.H.O.I., part1. 1974. [28] T. Saito, Late Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal datum levels: the present state of knowledge toward accomplishing Pan-Pacific correlation. Proceed 1 Intern. Cong. pacific Neogene strstigraphy, Tokyo, 1976, pp. 61-80.[29] G. Bartioli, M. Sarnthein, M. Weineil, H. Erenkeuser, D. Garbe-Scheonberg and D. W. Lea, Final closure of Panama and the onest of northen hemisphere giaciation. Erath and Planetary Science Letters, 237 (2005) 33-44.

Abstract: Although brand risk management (BRM) is widely acknowledged as critical concern of business leaders, there exists little empirical evidence regarding what activities firms could do to make their brand secured in the increasingly competitive market. Moreover, previous studies find out the important role of innovation stimulus in firm performance, but little attention is paid on how firm's innovation stimulates the firm's brand security. This study aims at exploring the impacts of BRM activities on brand security with the innovation stimulus as a moderator. Design/methodology/approach Mixed method is applied in conducting this research. In the qualitative research, an interview with managers of 20 large-size foodstuff companies in Vietnam is conducted to obtain insights into their understanding BRM activities and brand security as well as the role of innovation stimulus in managing brand risk and developing measurements for new constructs. In the quantitative research, a sample of 258 respondents is collected for the tests of reliability and validity as well as all hypotheses using SPSS software. Findings The authors’ findings show that the level of implementation of BRM activities influences the brand security with the moderating effect of innovation stimulus. Specifically, four dimensions of BRM activities including: strategy, personnel, processes and investment have direct, positive and significant impact on brand security. Innovation stimulus including innovation in leadership and innovation in knowledge management could serve as a moderating variable. Originality/value The findings of the current study have contributed to BRM literature by highlighting the importance of the implementation of BRM activities and the key role of innovation stimulus in ensuring the brand security, on which previous studies have paid little attention. The study suggests some guidance for firms about how to improve the innovation stimulus in enhancing the effectiveness of BRM activities and, as a result, increasing the brand security of the firm.

Abstract: ABSTRACT Objective: describe the clinical features in chronic sinusitis in adults in National Otorhinorarynology Hospital of Vietnam. Subjects and research methods: use the transverse descriptive method to describe the clinical features in chronic sinusitis in adults in the inpatient department - National otolaryngology hospital of Viet Nam. Results: the study involved 58 patients aged 18 and over suffering from chronic sinusitis in the inpatient department - National Otorhinorarynology Hospital of Vietnam from August 2019 to December 2019. The average age of the patients is 47,17 ± 15,32, with a male to female ratio of 1.1:1; most of the reason for being hospitalized is runny nose (72,4%) and stuffy nose (87,9%). Symptoms encountered in chronic sinusitis are runny nose, stuffy nose, headache, smell disorders and cough, in addition, with systemic symptoms such as fever, fatigue, weakness. Conclusion: on the clinical characteristics of chronic sinusitis in adults, the common symptoms in chronic sinusitis are runny nose, stuffy nose, headache, smell disorders and cough, duration of illness lasts from                 6 months to many years, in both men and women.