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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cadaverine, a metabolite of the microbiome, reduces breast cancer aggressiveness through trace amino acid receptors
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2019-02-04)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2019-02-04)
    Abstract: Recent studies showed that changes to the gut microbiome alters the microbiome-derived metabolome, potentially promoting carcinogenesis in organs that are distal to the gut. In this study, we assessed the relationship between breast cancer and cadaverine biosynthesis. Cadaverine treatment of Balb/c female mice (500 nmol/kg p.o. q.d.) grafted with 4T1 breast cancer cells ameliorated the disease (lower mass and infiltration of the primary tumor, fewer metastases, and lower grade tumors). Cadaverine treatment of breast cancer cell lines corresponding to its serum reference range (100–800 nM) reverted endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, inhibited cellular movement and invasion, moreover, rendered cells less stem cell-like through reducing mitochondrial oxidation. Trace amino acid receptors (TAARs), namely, TAAR1, TAAR8 and TAAR9 were instrumental in provoking the cadaverine-evoked effects. Early stage breast cancer patients, versus control women, had reduced abundance of the CadA and LdcC genes in fecal DNA, both responsible for bacterial cadaverine production. Moreover, we found low protein expression of E. coli LdcC in the feces of stage 1 breast cancer patients. In addition, higher expression of lysine decarboxylase resulted in a prolonged survival among early-stage breast cancer patients. Taken together, cadaverine production seems to be a regulator of early breast cancer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37664-7
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Indolepropionic Acid, a Metabolite of the Microbiome, Has Cytostatic Properties in Breast Cancer by Activating AHR and PXR Receptors and Inducing Oxidative Stress
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Cancers Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2020-08-25), p. 2411-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2020-08-25), p. 2411-
    Abstract: Oncobiotic transformation of the gut microbiome may contribute to the risk of breast cancer. Recent studies have provided evidence that the microbiome secretes cytostatic metabolites that inhibit the proliferation, movement, and metastasis formation of cancer cells. In this study, we show that indolepropionic acid (IPA), a bacterial tryptophan metabolite, has cytostatic properties. IPA selectively targeted breast cancer cells, but it had no effects on non-transformed, primary fibroblasts. In cell-based and animal experiments, we showed that IPA supplementation reduced the proportions of cancer stem cells and the proliferation, movement, and metastasis formation of cancer cells. These were achieved through inhibiting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, inducing oxidative and nitrosative stress, and boosting antitumor immune response. Increased oxidative/nitrosative stress was due to the IPA-mediated downregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and enhanced mitochondrial reactive species production. Increased oxidative/nitrosative stress led to cytostasis and reductions in cancer cell stem-ness. IPA exerted its effects through aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR) receptors. A higher expression of PXR and AHR supported better survival in human breast cancer patients, highlighting the importance of IPA-elicited pathways in cytostasis in breast cancer. Furthermore, AHR activation and PXR expression related inversely to cancer cell proliferation level and to the stage and grade of the tumor. The fecal microbiome’s capacity for IPA biosynthesis was suppressed in women newly diagnosed with breast cancer, especially with stage 0. Bacterial indole biosynthesis showed correlation with lymphocyte infiltration to tumors in humans. Taken together, we found that IPA is a cytostatic bacterial metabolite, the production of which is suppressed in human breast cancer. Bacterial metabolites, among them, IPA, have a pivotal role in regulating the progression but not the initiation of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092411
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Preference for patient-centered communication among the citizens of the Visegrad countries
    Elsevier BV ; 2021
    In:  Patient Education and Counseling Vol. 104, No. 12 ( 2021-12), p. 3086-3092
    Details
    In: Patient Education and Counseling, Elsevier BV, Vol. 104, No. 12 ( 2021-12), p. 3086-3092
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0738-3991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2021.04.005
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019572-2
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CBD, a precursor of THC in e-cigarettes
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2021-04-26)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2021-04-26)
    Abstract: The use of cannabidiol (CBD) in electronic cigarettes is widespread. Previously, it was reported that CBD is partly transformed to THC in case smoking as a cigarette, however, the pyrolysis of this compound has not been assessed extensively. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of temperature on the composition of pyrolysis products of CBD. The experiments were performed in the typical operating temperature range of e-cigarettes (250–400 °C) and at 500 °C under both inert and oxidative conditions, and the pyrolysis products were identified and quantified by GC–MS. Depending on the temperature and atmosphere, 25–52% of CBD was transformed into other chemical substances: Δ 9 -THC, Δ 8 -THC, cannabinol and cannabichromene were the predominant pyrolysates in both conditions, all formed by cyclization reaction. THC was the main pyrolysis product at all temperatures under both oxidative and inert conditions. Our results point out that CBD in e-cigarettes can be considered as a precursor of THC, thus it bears all the dangers related to this psychoactive compound. Our findings are fundamental contributions to the safety profile of CBD-based e-cigarettes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88389-z
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Anyagáramok és anyagállományok egy debreceni szolgáltató vállalatnál
    University of Debrecen/ Debreceni Egyetem ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Engineering and Management Sciences Vol. 4, No. 4 ( 2019-12-12), p. 313-321
    Details
    In: International Journal of Engineering and Management Sciences, University of Debrecen/ Debreceni Egyetem, Vol. 4, No. 4 ( 2019-12-12), p. 313-321
    Abstract: Az elmúlt 25 évben, egy sor kutatóintézet számos neves tudósa kidolgozott egy új kutatási irányzatot, egy új módszertani családot, az anyagáram elemzést (MFA – Material Flow Analysis). Az MFA jelentőségét az emberiség által létrehozott, gerjesztett anyagáramok mértéke adja. Az MFA növekvő sikerének alapjait egy gyökeresen új, interdiszciplináris, a természet- és társadalomtudományok (ökológia, termodinamika és közgazdaságtan) együttműködését igénylő látásmód adja, azaz nem csak a termelés anyaghatékonyságának és a gerjesztett környezetterhelés vizsgálatának hatásos eszköze, hanem segítséget nyújt a szükséges technológiai innováció irányainak feltárásához, valamint a vizsgált rendszer stratégiai anyagigényei ellátásbiztonságának az elemzéséhez is. Cikkünkben vállalati szintű elemzést végzünk, egy debreceni szolgáltató vállalat 2018-as évre vonatkozó input és outputoldali anyagáramait és anyagállományait elemezzük az MFA módszerével. Az MFA indikátorok naturális dimenzióban ragadják meg a környezetterhelést, azaz tömegben, energiában vagy földterületben mérnek, ennek megfelelően kilogrammban, vagy tonnában mérve mutatjuk be a cég kiinduló anyagállományait és az abban bekövetkezett változásokat, illetve az anyaginputokat.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2498-700X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.21791/IJEMS.2019.4.35.
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: University of Debrecen/ Debreceni Egyetem
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Effects of a Fixed Combination of Berberis aristata and Silybum marianum on Dyslipidaemia – A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review
    Georg Thieme Verlag KG ; 2020
    In:  Planta Medica Vol. 86, No. 02 ( 2020-01), p. 132-143
    Details
    In: Planta Medica, Georg Thieme Verlag KG, Vol. 86, No. 02 ( 2020-01), p. 132-143
    Abstract: A fixed combination of Berberis aristata and Silybum marianum (Berberol) has been used by patients with dyslipidaemia. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of a fixed combination of B. aristata and S. marianum (Berberol) on serum lipid levels compared to placebo in a meta-analysis based on randomised, controlled trials. The meta-analysis was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement, using the PICO (patients, intervention, comparison, outcome) format, and it was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews. The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant studies. Placebo-controlled clinical studies involving adult patients with a condition of dyslipidaemia and receiving a fixed combination of B. aristata and S. marianum were included. Four randomised trials, including a total of 491 patients, were pooled in statistical analysis. According to the present meta-analysis, Berberol significantly lowered the low-density lipoprotein level, total cholesterol, fasting plasma glucose levels, and the Homeostatic Model Assessment index compared to placebo; however, its effects on the high-density lipoprotein level, triglyceride level, and body mass index were not statistically significant by the end of a 3-month treatment period. Berberol appeared to be safe, and it did not increase the levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and creatine kinase enzymes. Berberol is an effective and presumably safe complementary therapy for the treatment of dyslipidaemia; however, the evidence supporting its use is very limited. The optimum dose and duration of treatment are unclear. A comprehensive evaluation of efficacy and safety is required in further high-quality clinical studies involving larger patient populations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0032-0943 , 1439-0221
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1055/a-1063-1649
    Language: English
    Publisher: Georg Thieme Verlag KG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2037089-1
    SSG: 15,3
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