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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The use of question tags in different text types of Trinidadian English
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  World Englishes Vol. 36, No. 4 ( 2017-12), p. 726-743
    Details
    In: World Englishes, Wiley, Vol. 36, No. 4 ( 2017-12), p. 726-743
    Abstract: We investigate the use of question tags in Trinidadian English. Using a variationist pragmatics approach and spoken material from the Trinidad and Tobago component of the International Corpus of English, we describe the distribution and pragmatic functions of variant and invariant tags across four text types. Variant question tags are rare in Trinidadian English, but a range of invariant question tags is present in the corpus. Tags serve a number of pragmatic functions, and can serve multiple functions simultaneously. Text type is a strong factor influencing the frequency of tag forms and functions, with tags associated with the local creole mainly found in informal text types.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0883-2919 , 1467-971X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/weng.2017.36.issue-4
    DOI: 10.1111/weng.12247
    RVK:
    HC 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495564-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2271256-2
    SSG: 5,3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    David Jowitt, Nigerian English (Dialects of English 18). Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 2019. Pp. x + 242. ISBN 9781501512728.
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2021
    In:  English Language and Linguistics Vol. 25, No. 3 ( 2021-09), p. 671-675
    Details
    In: English Language and Linguistics, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 25, No. 3 ( 2021-09), p. 671-675
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1360-6743 , 1469-4379
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1360674320000416
    RVK:
    HC 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490686-7
    SSG: 7,25
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Norm Orientation of English in the Caribbean
    Duke University Press ; 2022
    In:  American Speech Vol. 97, No. 3 ( 2022-08-1), p. 265-310
    Details
    In: American Speech, Duke University Press, Vol. 97, No. 3 ( 2022-08-1), p. 265-310
    Abstract: This study examines newspaper writing from 10 Caribbean countries as a window on the norm orientation of English in the region. The English used in the former British colonies of the Caribbean has been assumed to be especially prone to postcolonial linguistic Americanization, due to mass tourism, media exposure, and long-standing personal and sociocultural links. The authors present a quantitative investigation of variable features, comparing their Caribbean data with American and British reference corpora as well as newspaper collections from India and Nigeria. The amount of American features employed varies by type of feature and country. In all Caribbean corpora, they are more prevalent in the lexicon than in spelling. With regard to grammar, an orientation toward a singular norm cannot be deduced from the data. While Caribbean journalists do partake in worldwide American-led changes, the frequencies of the relevant features align with neither American English nor British English but instead resemble those found in the Indian and Nigerian corpora. Contemporary Caribbean newspaper writing, thus, neither follows traditional British norms nor is it characterized by massive linguistic Americanization; rather, there appears to be a certain conservatism common to New Englishes generally. These results are discussed in light of new considerations on normativity in English in the twenty-first century.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-1283 , 1527-2133
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1215/00031283-8791736
    RVK:
    HC 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Duke University Press
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021104-1
    SSG: 7,26
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Investigating attitudes towards an emerging standard of English: Evaluations of newscasters’ accents in Trinidad
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2013
    In:  mult Vol. 32, No. 3 ( 2013-04), p. 289-319
    Details
    In: mult, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 32, No. 3 ( 2013-04), p. 289-319
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0167-8507 , 1613-3684
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1515/multi-2013-0014
    RVK:
    ES 132
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 625764-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2049683-7
    SSG: 7,11
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Compiling a corpus of South Asian online Englishes: A report, some reflections and a pilot study
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2023
    In:  ICAME Journal Vol. 47, No. 1 ( 2023-05-01), p. 119-139
    Details
    In: ICAME Journal, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 47, No. 1 ( 2023-05-01), p. 119-139
    Abstract: In this research article we introduce the S outh A sian On line E nglishes (SAOnE) corpus representing four South Asian countries, i.e. Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, and two native English-speaking countries, i.e. the UK and the USA. We have used semi-automatic and manual methods to collect data from three internet registers, i.e. newspaper comments, web forums and tweets, and a collection of internet sub-registers which we label as blogs and websites. Additionally, we have collected text messages using online freelance hiring platforms from each of the South Asian countries mentioned above. Each register category in the corpus consists of approximately 1 million words per register per country, except text messages, which contains around 500,000 words per country and only includes the four South Asian countries. We have verified the origin of website and blog links, authors of Twitter, and where possible of commenters and web forum users to make sure that only local content of each country is included. The corpus features some indigenous language content, which is tagged. In addition to the description of this dataset, we also present a pilot study analysing three discourse particles, namely na , neh , and yaar . The discourse particles na and yaar are native to Hindi/Urdu, while neh is based on a Sinhala negation marker. Our analysis indicates that na and neh have similarities in terms of their position in the clause/utterance. However, neh is confined to Sri Lanka while the Hindi/Urdu based discourse particles are also used in our Twitter data from Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. The use of these discourse particles in Bangladeshi tweets shows the influence of Indian culture through Bollywood celebrities. Of the Hindi/Urdu discourse particles yaar and na , yaar is preferred in Pakistan while na is preferred in India; additionally, yaar is used at the start of the clause more often in our Pakistani data. Lastly, we discuss the implications of the pilot study, the advantages of the type of data used for the pilot study, and future research directions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1502-5462
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2478/icame-2023-0007
    Language: English
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2030954-5
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Globalization, postcolonial Englishes, and the English language press in Kenya, Singapore, and Trinidad and Tobago
    Wiley ; 2013
    In:  World Englishes Vol. 32, No. 3 ( 2013-09), p. 338-357
    Details
    In: World Englishes, Wiley, Vol. 32, No. 3 ( 2013-09), p. 338-357
    Abstract: This paper analyzes online English‐language newspapers from the former British colonies of Kenya, Singapore, and Trinidad and Tobago with respect to Americanisms in spelling and vocabulary. The guiding question is whether the degree of Americanization can be related to the different degrees to which these countries participate in globalization. It is shown that the influence of American English is least pronounced in Kenya and most in Trinidad and Tobago, with Singapore in between, and that globalization is indeed a factor, but that other factors including official language attitudes play a role as well. The role of international news agencies in disseminating Americanisms is also considered and is found to be prominent mainly in the case of Singapore.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0883-2919 , 1467-971X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/weng.2013.32.issue-3
    DOI: 10.1111/weng.12035
    RVK:
    HC 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495564-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2271256-2
    SSG: 5,3
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Quotative be like in Trinidadian English
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  World Englishes Vol. 40, No. 3 ( 2021-09), p. 436-458
    Details
    In: World Englishes, Wiley, Vol. 40, No. 3 ( 2021-09), p. 436-458
    Abstract: This paper studies the sociolinguistics of quotative be like in Trinidad and its relation to Trinidadian English Creole (TrinEC). Corpus evidence shows a significant association of be like use and young age as well as female gender, in line with global trends. Questionnaire data reveal that it does not detract from the perception of a speaker as educated and of high social status as long as utterances are grammatically standardized English (StE). TrinEC grammar triggers contrasting perceptions but the data also point to traditional social prejudice against TrinEC being transcended. This ties in with the finding that be like users tend not actually to be averse to using TrinEC. Overall the sociolinguistics of be like in Trinidad is shaped by global trends as well as the local sociolinguistic configuration.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0883-2919 , 1467-971X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/weng.v40.3
    DOI: 10.1111/weng.12465
    RVK:
    HC 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495564-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2271256-2
    SSG: 5,3
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prosodic variation of English in Dominica, Grenada, and Trinidad
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  World Englishes Vol. 42, No. 1 ( 2023-03), p. 48-72
    Details
    In: World Englishes, Wiley, Vol. 42, No. 1 ( 2023-03), p. 48-72
    Abstract: Varieties of English in the Caribbean have been claimed to have characteristic pitch patterns. However, there is little empirical research on prosodic aspects of English in the region. This paper provides a comparative phonetic analysis of several pitch parameters (pitch level, range, dynamism, rate of change, variability in rate of change, and tone rate) in English language data from Dominica, Grenada, and Trinidad that comprises read and spontaneous speech from 243 speakers. The results show that a wide pitch range and a high degree of variability in pitch, as mentioned in previous works, are not necessarily characteristic of English in the Caribbean overall, but that there are considerable cross‐territorial prosodic differences, with English in Trinidad showing more variability than in Dominica and Grenada, particularly among female speakers. Socioprosodic variation, largely specific to Trinidad, was also identified.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0883-2919 , 1467-971X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/weng.v42.1
    DOI: 10.1111/weng.12615
    RVK:
    HC 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495564-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2271256-2
    SSG: 5,3
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    First year of nations return to government of make you talk your own make I talk my own : Anglicism versus pidginization in news translations into Nigerian Pidgin
    John Benjamins Publishing Company ; 2002
    In:  English World-Wide Vol. 23, No. 2 ( 2002-12-20), p. 195-222
    Details
    In: English World-Wide, John Benjamins Publishing Company, Vol. 23, No. 2 ( 2002-12-20), p. 195-222
    Abstract: As a language which for the greater part of its history was used only for simple everyday interactions and which lacks any kind of standardization, Nigerian Pidgin (NigP) is not well equipped for the wide range of functions it has to perform in present-day Nigeria. Among educated NigP speakers, borrowing from English is a common strategy, but broadcasters who translate news from English into NigP have to produce a form of the language that will be intelligible to a target audience whose command of English is limited. The paper offers a discussion of this problem based on a corpus of spoken NigP comprising news and several other text categories. Text samples from the news texts are analysed, and corpus data illustrating Anglicisms and pidginization on the lexical, grammatical and discourse levels are discussed. In addition, the results of an elicitation experiment in which Nigerian informants were asked to evaluate extracts from the corpus by means of a questionnaire are reported. The news texts were found to be less satisfactory than others, and it is argued that this is due not only to Anglicisms but in some cases also to an overuse of pidginization strategies. However, there are also examples of successful adaptation of an English script, and it is argued that even with only a moderate degree of language engineering, one could build on such achievements to make NigP a more viable medium of news broadcasting.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0172-8865 , 1569-9730
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1075/eww.23.2
    DOI: 10.1075/eww
    DOI: 10.1075/eww.23.2.03deu
    RVK:
    HC 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020708-6
    SSG: 7,25
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    ‘The English we speaking’ : Morphological and syntactic variation in educated Jamaican speech
    John Benjamins Publishing Company ; 2009
    In:  Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages Vol. 24, No. 1 ( 2009-3-10), p. 1-52
    Details
    In: Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages, John Benjamins Publishing Company, Vol. 24, No. 1 ( 2009-3-10), p. 1-52
    Abstract: This paper describes morphological and syntactic variation in a sample of forty conversations among highly educated Jamaicans taken from the Jamaican component of the International Corpus of English. The guiding question is whether the creole continuum model can account for the way speakers like these, who have a full command of acrolectal Jamaican English and tend to be proficient in Jamaican Creole as well, make use of the range of varieties available to them. Variation in the data is approached from two angles: first, selected variables are analysed quantitatively, and the results are compared to findings for more formal types of texts in the same corpus; second, inter- and intra-textual variation in the sample is described qualitatively. In broad quantitative terms, the data fall in between the ‘high acrolect’ and the upper mesolect but there are fine distinctions in the degree to which Creole features are used in different conversations or segments thereof. Building on Allsopp’s distinction between ‘informal’ and ‘anti-formal’ usage, the paper proposes that morphological and syntactic variation in educated Jamaican speech can be described in the framework of a stylistic continuum, whose relation to the sociolinguistic continuum seems to be a close but complex one.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0920-9034 , 1569-9870
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1075/jpcl.24.1
    DOI: 10.1075/jpcl
    DOI: 10.1075/jpcl.24.1.02deu
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2025549-4
    SSG: 7,11
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