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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Climate-controlled submarine landslides on the Antarctic continental margin
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Nature Communications Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2023-05-18)
    Details
    In: Nature Communications, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2023-05-18)
    Abstract: Antarctica’s continental margins pose an unknown submarine landslide-generated tsunami risk to Southern Hemisphere populations and infrastructure. Understanding the factors driving slope failure is essential to assessing future geohazards. Here, we present a multidisciplinary study of a major submarine landslide complex along the eastern Ross Sea continental slope (Antarctica) that identifies preconditioning factors and failure mechanisms. Weak layers, identified beneath three submarine landslides, consist of distinct packages of interbedded Miocene- to Pliocene-age diatom oozes and glaciomarine diamicts. The observed lithological differences, which arise from glacial to interglacial variations in biological productivity, ice proximity, and ocean circulation, caused changes in sediment deposition that inherently preconditioned slope failure. These recurrent Antarctic submarine landslides were likely triggered by seismicity associated with glacioisostatic readjustment, leading to failure within the preconditioned weak layers. Ongoing climate warming and ice retreat may increase regional glacioisostatic seismicity, triggering Antarctic submarine landslides.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-1723
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38240-y
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2553671-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A large West Antarctic Ice Sheet explains early Neogene sea-level amplitude
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Nature Vol. 600, No. 7889 ( 2021-12-16), p. 450-455
    Details
    In: Nature, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 600, No. 7889 ( 2021-12-16), p. 450-455
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0028-0836 , 1476-4687
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04148-0
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 120714-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1413423-8
    SSG: 11
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Detection of viruses from feces of wild endangered Macaca maura: a potential threat to moor macaque survival and for zoonotic infection
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  BMC Veterinary Research Vol. 18, No. 1 ( 2022-11-29)
    Details
    In: BMC Veterinary Research, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 18, No. 1 ( 2022-11-29)
    Abstract: To date, there is a scarcity of information and literature on Macaca maura health status relative to viral diseases. The objectives of the present study were to investigate on the potential spread of enteric and non-enteric viruses shed in the environment through a wild macaque feces and to understand the possible interrelation in the spread of zoonotic viruses in a poorly studied geographical area, the Sulawesi Island. This study will also contribute providing useful information on potential threats to the health of this endangered species. Methods The sampling was conducted between 2014 and 2016 in the Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, in the south of the Sulawesi Island and non-invasive sampling methods were used to collect fresh stools of the M. maura , one of the seven macaque species endemic to the island of Sulawesi, Indonesia. The population under study consisted in two wild, neighboring social macaque groups with partially overlapping home ranges; twenty-four samples were collected and examined using negative staining electron microscopy and a panel of PCR protocols for the detection of ten RNA and two DNA viruses. Results Viral particles resembling parvovirus (5 samples), picornavirus (13 samples) and calicivirus (13 samples) were detected by electron microscopy whereas the PCR panel was negative for the 12 viruses investigated, except for one sample positive for a mosquito flavivirus. The results did not correlate with animal sex; furthermore, because all of the animals were clinically healthy, it was not possible to correlate feces consistency with viral presence. Conclusions As information on viral infections in wild moor macaques remains limited, further studies are yet required to identify the fecal–oral and blood transmitted potentially zoonotic viruses, which may infect the moor macaque and other macaque species endemic to the South Sulawesi Island.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1746-6148
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03506-y
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2191675-5
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Presence of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in Fresh Beef Marketed in 13 Regions of ITALY (2017)
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  Microorganisms Vol. 6, No. 4 ( 2018-12-06), p. 126-
    Details
    In: Microorganisms, MDPI AG, Vol. 6, No. 4 ( 2018-12-06), p. 126-
    Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in fresh beef marketed in 2017 in 13 regions of Italy, to evaluate the potential risk to human health. According to the ISO/TS 13136:2012 standard, 239 samples were analysed and nine were STEC positive, from which 20 strains were isolated. The STEC-positive samples were obtained from Calabria (n = 1), Campania (n = 1), Lazio (n = 2), Liguria (n = 1), Lombardia (n = 1) and Veneto (n = 3). All STEC strains were analysed for serogroups O26, O45, O55, O91, O103, O104, O111, O113, O121, O128, O145, O146 and O157, using Real-Time PCR. Three serogroups were identified amongst the 20 strains: O91 (n = 5), O113 (n = 2), and O157 (n = 1); the O-group for each of the 12 remaining STEC strains was not identified. Six stx subtypes were detected: stx1a, stx1c, stx2a, stx2b, stx2c and stx2d. Subtype stx2c was the most common, followed by stx2d and stx2b. Subtype stx2a was identified in only one eae-negative strain and occurred in combination with stx1a, stx1c and stx2b. The presence in meat of STEC strains being potentially harmful to human health shows the importance, during harvest, of implementing additional measures to reduce contamination risk.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-2607
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms6040126
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720891-6
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The International Bathymetric Chart of the Southern Ocean Version 2
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Scientific Data Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2022-06-07)
    Details
    In: Scientific Data, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2022-06-07)
    Abstract: The Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica is a region that is key to a range of climatic and oceanographic processes with worldwide effects, and is characterised by high biological productivity and biodiversity. Since 2013, the International Bathymetric Chart of the Southern Ocean (IBCSO) has represented the most comprehensive compilation of bathymetry for the Southern Ocean south of 60°S. Recently, the IBCSO Project has combined its efforts with the Nippon Foundation – GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project supporting the goal of mapping the world’s oceans by 2030. New datasets initiated a second version of IBCSO (IBCSO v2). This version extends to 50°S (covering approximately 2.4 times the area of seafloor of the previous version) including the gateways of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and the Antarctic circumpolar frontal systems. Due to increased (multibeam) data coverage, IBCSO v2 significantly improves the overall representation of the Southern Ocean seafloor and resolves many submarine landforms in more detail. This makes IBCSO v2 the most authoritative seafloor map of the area south of 50°S.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2052-4463
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01366-7
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2775191-0
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Early and middle Miocene ice sheet dynamics in the Ross Sea: Results from integrated core-log-seismic interpretation
    Geological Society of America ; 2022
    In:  GSA Bulletin Vol. 134, No. 1-2 ( 2022-01-01), p. 348-370
    Details
    In: GSA Bulletin, Geological Society of America, Vol. 134, No. 1-2 ( 2022-01-01), p. 348-370
    Abstract: Oscillations in ice sheet extent during early and middle Miocene are intermittently preserved in the sedimentary record from the Antarctic continental shelf, with widespread erosion occurring during major ice sheet advances, and open marine deposition during times of ice sheet retreat. Data from seismic reflection surveys and drill sites from Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 28 and International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 374, located across the present-day middle continental shelf of the central Ross Sea (Antarctica), indicate the presence of expanded early to middle Miocene sedimentary sections. These include the Miocene climate optimum (MCO ca. 17–14.6 Ma) and the middle Miocene climate transition (MMCT ca. 14.6–13.9 Ma). Here, we correlate drill core records, wireline logs and reflection seismic data to elucidate the depositional architecture of the continental shelf and reconstruct the evolution and variability of dynamic ice sheets in the Ross Sea during the Miocene. Drill-site data are used to constrain seismic isopach maps that document the evolution of different ice sheets and ice caps which influenced sedimentary processes in the Ross Sea through the early to middle Miocene. In the early Miocene, periods of localized advance of the ice margin are revealed by the formation of thick sediment wedges prograding into the basins. At this time, morainal bank complexes are distinguished along the basin margins suggesting sediment supply derived from marine-terminating glaciers. During the MCO, biosiliceous-bearing sediments are regionally mapped within the depocenters of the major sedimentary basin across the Ross Sea, indicative of widespread open marine deposition with reduced glacimarine influence. At the MMCT, a distinct erosive surface is interpreted as representing large-scale marine-based ice sheet advance over most of the Ross Sea paleo-continental shelf. The regional mapping of the seismic stratigraphic architecture and its correlation to drilling data indicate a regional transition through the Miocene from growth of ice caps and inland ice sheets with marine-terminating margins, to widespread marine-based ice sheets extending across the outer continental shelf in the Ross Sea.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0016-7606 , 1943-2674
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1130/B35814.1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Geological Society of America
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2028776-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008165-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 449720-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1351-1
    SSG: 13
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Identification and functional analysis of a prokaryotic‐type aspartate aminotransferase: implications for plant amino acid metabolism
    Wiley ; 2006
    In:  The Plant Journal Vol. 46, No. 3 ( 2006-05), p. 414-425
    Details
    In: The Plant Journal, Wiley, Vol. 46, No. 3 ( 2006-05), p. 414-425
    Abstract: In this paper, we report the identification of genes from pine ( PpAAT ), Arabidopsis ( AtAAT ) and rice ( OsAAT ) encoding a novel class of aspartate aminotransferase (AAT, EC 2.6.1.1) in plants. The enzyme is unrelated to other eukaryotic AATs from plants and animals but similar to bacterial enzymes. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that this prokaryotic‐type AAT is closely related to cyanobacterial enzymes, suggesting it might have an endosymbiotic origin. Interestingly, most of the essential residues involved in the interaction with the substrate and the attachment of pyridoxal phosphate cofactor in the active site of the enzyme were conserved in the deduced polypeptide. The polypeptide is processed in planta to a mature subunit of 45 kDa that is immunologically distinct from the cytosolic, mitochondrial and chloroplastic isoforms of AAT previously characterized in plants. Functional expression of PpAAT sequences in Escherichia coli showed that the processed precursor is assembled into a catalytically active homodimeric holoenzyme that is strictly specific for aspartate. These atypical genes are predominantly expressed in green tissues of pine, Arabidopsis and rice, suggesting a key role of this AAT in nitrogen metabolism associated with photosynthetic activity. Moreover, immunological analyses revealed that the plant prokaryotic‐type AAT is a nuclear‐encoded chloroplast protein. This implies that two plastidic AAT co‐exist in plants: a eukaryotic type previously characterized and the prokaryotic type described here. The respective roles of these two enzymes in plant amino acid metabolism are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0960-7412 , 1365-313X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/tpj.2006.46.issue-3
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2006.02713.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020961-7
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    What Is the Efficacy of Sotrovimab in Reducing Disease Progression and Death in People with COVID-19 during the Omicron Era? Answers from a Real-Life Study
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Viruses Vol. 15, No. 8 ( 2023-08-17), p. 1757-
    Details
    In: Viruses, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 8 ( 2023-08-17), p. 1757-
    Abstract: (1) Introduction: Since May 2021, sotrovimab has been available in Italy for early treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection and to prevent disease progression. However, some in vitro studies have questioned its efficacy on Omicron variants. Therefore, we aim to further investigate the efficacy of sotrovimab in real-life settings. (2) Methods: We conducted a retrospective study collecting medical records of people with SARS-CoV-2 infection evaluated in the infectious diseases units of Sassari, Foggia, and Bari, Italy. We included people with SARS-CoV-2 infection treated with sotrovimab and people who did not receive any treatment in 2022. The primary study outcome was to evaluate the efficacy of sotrovimab in reducing disease progression (defined as the necessity of starting oxygen supplementation) and COVID-19-related death. The secondary outcome was to evaluate the safety of sotrovimab. (3) Results: We included 689 people; of them, 341 were treated with sotrovimab, while 348 did not receive any treatment. Overall, we registered 161 (23.4%) disease progressions and 65 (9.4%) deaths, with a significant difference between treated and not-treated people (p 〈 0.001). In the multivariate logistic regression, increasing age [OR for ten years increasing age 1.23 (95%CI 1.04–1.45)] was associated with a higher risk of disease progression. In addition, cardiovascular disease [OR 1.69 (1.01–2.80), fever [OR 3.88 (95%CI 2.35–6.38)] , and dyspnea [OR 7.24 (95%CI 4.17–12.58)] were associated with an increased risk of disease progression. In contrast, vaccination [OR 0.21 (95%CI 0.12–0.37)] and sotrovimab administration [OR 0.05 (95%CI 0.02–0.11)] were associated with a lower risk of developing severe COVID-19. Regarding mortality, people with older age [OR for ten years increasing age 1.36 (95%CI 1.09–1.69)] had a higher risk of death. In addition, in the multivariate analysis, cardiovascular disease lost statistical significance, while people on chemotherapy for haematological cancer [OR 4.07 (95%CI 1.45–11.4)] and those with dyspnea at diagnosis [OR 3.63 (95%CI 2.02–6.50)] had an increased risk of death. In contrast, vaccination [OR 0.37 (95%CI 0.20–0.68)] and sotrovimab treatment [OR 0.16 (95%CI 0.06–0.42)] were associated with lower risk. Only two adverse events were reported; one person complained of diarrhoea a few hours after sotrovimab administration, and one had an allergic reaction with cutaneous rash and itching. (4) Conclusions: Our study showed that sotrovimab treatment was associated with a reduction of the risk of disease progression and death in SARS-CoV-2-infected people, 70% of whom were over 65 years and a with high vaccination rate, with excellent safety. Therefore, our results reinforce the evidence about the efficacy and safety of sotrovimab during the Omicron era in a real-world setting.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4915
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/v15081757
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2516098-9
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Isotopic Records of Ancient Wildfires in C 4 Grasses Preserved in the Sediment of the Ross Sea, Antarctica
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2022
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 49, No. 13 ( 2022-07-16)
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 49, No. 13 ( 2022-07-16)
    Abstract: Pyrogenic carbon (PyC) constitutes a significant fraction of total organic carbon (TOC) preserved in sediment of the Ross Sea, Antarctica Distinctive differences in both radiocarbon and stable carbon isotope values exist between PyC and TOC in the Ross Sea sediment The isotopic records indicated that the PyC was produced from ancient wildfires in C 4 grasslands and transported to Antarctica in atmosphere
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276 , 1944-8007
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2022GL098979
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021599-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7403-2
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Spatio-temporal variability of processes across Antarctic ice-bed–ocean interfaces
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2018
    In:  Nature Communications Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2018-06-18)
    Details
    In: Nature Communications, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2018-06-18)
    Abstract: Understanding how the Antarctic ice sheet will respond to global warming relies on knowledge of how it has behaved in the past. The use of numerical models, the only means to quantitatively predict the future, is hindered by limitations to topographic data both now and in the past, and in knowledge of how subsurface oceanic, glaciological and hydrological processes interact. Incorporating the variety and interplay of such processes, operating at multiple spatio-temporal scales, is critical to modeling the Antarctic’s system evolution and requires direct observations in challenging locations. As these processes do not observe disciplinary boundaries neither should our future research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-1723
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04583-0
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2553671-0
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