GLORIA

GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    In: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 66, No. 3 ( 2020-06-01), p. 327-338
    Abstract: Pregnancy-associated malaria (PAM) has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes like preterm birth (PTB) and low birthweight (LBW), which are among the leading causes of infant mortality globally. Rates of PTB and LBW are high in countries with a high burden of malaria. PAM may be a contributing factor to PTB and LBW, but is not well understood. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies examining the relationship between PAM and PTB or LBW using PubMed. The title and abstract of all studies were screened by two reviewers, and the full text of selected studies was reviewed to ensure they met inclusion criteria. Information regarding study characteristics and of PTB and LBW births among women with and without PAM was abstracted for included studies. Results Our search terms yielded 2237 articles, of which 18 met our final inclusion criteria. Eight studies examined associations between PAM and PTB, and 10 examined associations between PAM and LBW (population size ranging from 35 to 9956 women). The overall risk of LBW was 63% higher among women with PAM compared with women without PAM (95% CI = 1.48–1.80) and the risk of PTB was 23% higher among women with PAM compared with women without PAM (95% CI = 1.07–1.41). Conclusions These results indicate that infection with PAM is associated with PTB and LBW. Further understanding of the pathogenesis of disease and the immunologic changes that occur during pregnancy is essential for reducing the disproportional effects this disease has on this vulnerable population.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1465-3664
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1497447-2
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Chemical Society (ACS) ; 2021
    In:  ACS Sensors Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2021-02-26), p. 493-501
    In: ACS Sensors, American Chemical Society (ACS), Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2021-02-26), p. 493-501
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2379-3694 , 2379-3694
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2843497-3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2020
    In:  Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 86, No. 9 ( 2020-04-17)
    In: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 86, No. 9 ( 2020-04-17)
    Abstract: Conjugation is one of the main mechanisms involved in the spread and maintenance of antibiotic resistance in bacterial populations. We recently showed that the emerging macrolide resistance in the soilborne equine and zoonotic pathogen Rhodococcus equi is conferred by the erm (46) gene carried on the 87-kb conjugative plasmid pRErm46. Here, we investigated the conjugal transferability of pRErm46 to 14 representative bacteria likely encountered by R. equi in the environmental habitat. In vitro mating experiments demonstrated conjugation to different members of the genus Rhodococcus as well as to Nocardia and Arthrobacter spp. at frequencies ranging from ∼10 −2 to 10 −6 . pRErm46 transfer was also observed in mating experiments in soil and horse manure, albeit at a low frequency and after prolonged incubation at 22 to 30°C (environmental temperatures), not 37°C. All transconjugants were able to transfer pRErm46 back to R. equi . Conjugation could not be detected with Mycobacterium or Corynebacterium spp. or several members of the more distant phylum Firmicutes such as Enterococcus , Streptococcus , or Staphylococcus . Thus, the pRErm46 host range appears to span several actinobacterial orders with certain host restriction within the Corynebacteriales . All bacterial species that acquired pRErm46 expressed increased macrolide resistance with no significant deleterious impact on fitness, except in the case of Rhodococcus rhodnii . Our results indicate that actinobacterial members of the environmental microbiota can both acquire and transmit the R. equi pRErm46 plasmid and thus potentially contribute to the maintenance and spread of erm (46)-mediated macrolide resistance in equine farms. IMPORTANCE This study demonstrates the efficient horizontal transfer of the Rhodococcus equi conjugative plasmid pRErm46, recently identified as the cause of the emerging macrolide resistance among equine isolates of this pathogen, to and from different environmental Actinobacteria , including a variety of rhodococci as well as Nocardia and Arthrobacter spp. The reported data support the notion that environmental microbiotas may act as reservoirs for the endemic maintenance of antimicrobial resistance in an antibiotic pressurized farm habitat.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0099-2240 , 1098-5336
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 223011-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478346-0
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    In: FEMS Microbes, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 4 ( 2023-01-17)
    Abstract: Wastewater surveillance has proven to be an effective tool to monitor the transmission and emergence of infectious agents at a community scale. Workflows for wastewater surveillance generally rely on concentration steps to increase the probability of detection of low-abundance targets, but preconcentration can substantially increase the time and cost of analyses while also introducing additional loss of target during processing. To address some of these issues, we conducted a longitudinal study implementing a simplified workflow for SARS-CoV-2 detection from wastewater, using a direct column-based extraction approach. Composite influent wastewater samples were collected weekly for 1 year between June 2020 and June 2021 in Athens-Clarke County, Georgia, USA. Bypassing any concentration step, low volumes (280 µl) of influent wastewater were extracted using a commercial kit, and immediately analyzed by RT-qPCR for the SARS-CoV-2 N1 and N2 gene targets. SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA was detected in 76% (193/254) of influent samples, and the recovery of the surrogate bovine coronavirus was 42% (IQR: 28%, 59%). N1 and N2 assay positivity, viral concentration, and flow-adjusted daily viral load correlated significantly with per-capita case reports of COVID-19 at the county-level (ρ = 0.69–0.82). To compensate for the method’s high limit of detection (approximately 106–107 copies l−1 in wastewater), we extracted multiple small-volume replicates of each wastewater sample. With this approach, we detected as few as five cases of COVID-19 per 100 000 individuals. These results indicate that a direct-extraction-based workflow for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance can provide informative and actionable results.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2633-6685
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3053584-0
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    In: Journal of American College Health, Informa UK Limited
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0744-8481 , 1940-3208
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    In: BMC Health Services Research, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2022-12)
    Abstract: This article reports an evaluation of the Immunization Training Challenge Hackathons (ITCH) , invented by The Geneva Learning Foundation (TGLF) for national and sub-national immunization staff who strive to develop the knowledge and capacity of others to improve immunization program performance. ITCH, a fully-digital program focused on networked collaborative problem-solving between peers, provided an “opt-in” activity for learners in the Teach to Reach (T2R) Accelerator Program designed to improve training effectiveness in the immunization sphere. Methods Conducted by a team from the University of Georgia, this mixed method evaluation consisted of thematic analysis of recorded sessions and open-ended comments; and statistical analyses of application and follow-up survey data. The evaluation focused on what was learned and how ITCH participants implemented what they learned . Key stakeholder interviews provided supplemental data about program intent and results. ITCH consisted of 17 30-min sessions held in 2020, in English and French, with 581 participating at least once out of 1,454 enrolled in the overall program. Challenge owners and respondents came from 15 African and Asian countries and spanned different roles with differing scope. Results Over 85% [ n  = 154] of survey respondents [ n  = 181, a 31% response rate] indicated they were able to implement what they learned from the ITCH sessions. A majority [ n  = 139, 76.7%] reported finding the sessions useful. Issues with poor connectivity and the timing of the live meetings impeded some in their ability to participate, a problem compounded by consequences of the pandemic. The ITCH process constituted of learning or coming to consciousness simultaneously of four types of learning — participants realizing how much they could learn from each other (peer learning), experiencing the power of defying distance to solve problems together (remote learning), and feeling a growing sense of belonging to a community (social learning), emergent across country borders and health system levels (networked learning). Conclusions Based on evaluation findings, it was concluded that ITCH demonstrated an effective scalable, informal, non-didactic, experience-led, fast-paced, peer learning design. A focus on community engagement and developing brokering skills was recommended.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1472-6963
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2050434-2
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    In: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), Vol. 258, No. 6 ( 2021-03-15), p. 648-653
    Abstract: To compare soil concentrations of macrolide- and rifampicin-resistant Rhodococcus equi strains (MRRE) on horse-breeding farms that used thoracic ultrasonographic screening (TUS) to identify foals with subclinical pneumonia combined with subsequent administration of macrolides and rifampin to affected foals (TUS farms) versus soil concentrations on farms that did not (non-TUS farms), determine whether the combined use of TUS and antimicrobial treatment of subclinically affected foals was associated with soil concentration of MRRE, and assess whether there were temporal effects on soil concentrations of MRRE during the foaling season. SAMPLES 720 soil samples and 20 completed questionnaires from 20 horse-breeding farms (10 TUS farms and 10 non-TUS farms) in central Kentucky. PROCEDURES A questionnaire was used to gather information from participating farms about their 2019 foaling season. Soil samples were collected during January, March, May, and July 2019 for bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing to identify any isolates of MRRE. Results were compared for TUS farms versus non-TUS farms. Linear mixed-effects modeling was used to evaluate for potential associations between the soil concentration of MRRE and the use of TUS. RESULTS Overall, the sum of the mean soil concentrations of MRRE was significantly higher for TUS farms (8.85 log 10 -transformed CFUs/g) versus non-TUS farms (7.37 log 10 -transformed CFUs/g). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our findings indicated that farms that use TUS to identify foals with subclinical pneumonia for antimicrobial treatment select for antimicrobial-resistant R equi strains. Because prognosis is worse for foals infected with resistant versus nonresistant strains of R equi , prudent use of antimicrobials to treat foals with subclinical pulmonary lesions attributed to R equi is recommended.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-1488
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2904887-4
    SSG: 22
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...