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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Greenland Geothermal Heat Flow Database and Map (Version 1)
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2022
    In:  Earth System Science Data Vol. 14, No. 5 ( 2022-05-12), p. 2209-2238
    Details
    In: Earth System Science Data, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 14, No. 5 ( 2022-05-12), p. 2209-2238
    Abstract: Abstract. We compile and analyze all available geothermal heat flow measurements collected in and around Greenland into a new database of 419 sites and generate an accompanying spatial map. This database includes 290 sites previously reported by the International Heat Flow Commission (IHFC), for which we now standardize measurement and metadata quality. This database also includes 129 new sites, which have not been previously reported by the IHFC. These new sites consist of 88 offshore measurements and 41 onshore measurements, of which 24 are subglacial. We employ machine learning to synthesize these in situ measurements into a gridded geothermal heat flow model that is consistent across both continental and marine areas in and around Greenland. This model has a native horizontal resolution of 55 km. In comparison to five existing Greenland geothermal heat flow models, our model has the lowest mean geothermal heat flow for Greenland onshore areas. Our modeled heat flow in central North Greenland is highly sensitive to whether the NGRIP (North GReenland Ice core Project) elevated heat flow anomaly is included in the training dataset. Our model's most distinctive spatial feature is pronounced low geothermal heat flow (〈 40 mW m−2) across the North Atlantic Craton of southern Greenland. Crucially, our model does not show an area of elevated heat flow that might be interpreted as remnant from the Icelandic plume track. Finally, we discuss the substantial influence of paleoclimatic and other corrections on geothermal heat flow measurements in Greenland. The in situ measurement database and gridded heat flow model, as well as other supporting materials, are freely available from the GEUS Dataverse (https://doi.org/10.22008/FK2/F9P03L; Colgan and Wansing, 2021).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1866-3516
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/essd-14-2209-2022
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2475469-9
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impact of age and comorbidities on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced T cell immunity
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Communications Medicine Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2023-04-24)
    Details
    In: Communications Medicine, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2023-04-24)
    Abstract: Older age and chronic disease are important risk factors for developing severe COVID-19. At population level, vaccine-induced immunity substantially reduces the risk of severe COVID-19 disease and hospitalization. However, the relative impact of humoral and cellular immunity on protection from breakthrough infection and severe disease is not fully understood. Methods In a study cohort of 655 primarily older study participants (median of 63 years (IQR: 51–72)), we determined serum levels of Spike IgG antibodies using a Multiantigen Serological Assay and quantified the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T cells using activation induced marker assay. This enabled characterization of suboptimal vaccine-induced cellular immunity. The risk factors of being a cellular hypo responder were assessed using logistic regression. Further follow-up of study participants allowed for an evaluation of the impact of T cell immunity on breakthrough infections. Results We show reduced serological immunity and frequency of CD4 + Spike-specific T cells in the oldest age group (≥75 years) and higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) categories. Male sex, age group ≥75 years, and CCI  〉  0 is associated with an increased likelihood of being a cellular hypo-responder while vaccine type is a significant risk factor. Assessing breakthrough infections, no protective effect of T cell immunity is identified. Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific immune responses in both the cellular and serological compartment of the adaptive immune system increase with each vaccine dose and are progressively lower with older age and higher prevalence of comorbidities. The findings contribute to the understanding of the vaccine response in individuals with increased risk of severe COVID-19 disease and hospitalization.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2730-664X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s43856-023-00277-x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3096949-9
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A first chronology for the East Greenland Ice-core Project (EGRIP) over the Holocene and last glacial termination
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2020
    In:  Climate of the Past Vol. 16, No. 6 ( 2020-11-27), p. 2359-2380
    Details
    In: Climate of the Past, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 16, No. 6 ( 2020-11-27), p. 2359-2380
    Abstract: Abstract. This paper provides the first chronology for the deep ice core from the East Greenland Ice-core Project (EGRIP) over the Holocene and the late last glacial period. We rely mainly on volcanic events and common peak patterns recorded by dielectric profiling (DEP) and electrical conductivity measurement (ECM) for the synchronization between the EGRIP, North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling (NEEM) and North Greenland Ice Core Project (NGRIP) ice cores in Greenland. We transfer the annual-layer-counted Greenland Ice Core Chronology 2005 (GICC05) from the NGRIP core to the EGRIP ice core by means of 381 match points, typically spaced less than 50 years apart. The NEEM ice core has previously been dated in a similar way and is only included to support the match-point identification. We name our EGRIP timescale GICC05-EGRIP-1. Over the uppermost 1383.84 m, we establish a depth–age relationship dating back to 14 967 years b2k (years before the year 2000 CE). Tephra horizons provide an independent validation of our match points. In addition, we compare the ratio of the annual layer thickness between ice cores in between the match points to assess our results in view of the different ice-flow patterns and accumulation regimes of the different periods and geographical regions. For the next years, this initial timescale will be the basis for climatic reconstructions from EGRIP high-resolution proxy data sets, e.g. stable water isotopes, chemical impurity or dust records.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1814-9332
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/cp-16-2359-2020
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2217985-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A 120,000-year long climate record from a NW-Greenland deep ice core at ultra-high resolution
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Scientific Data Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2021-05-26)
    Details
    In: Scientific Data, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2021-05-26)
    Abstract: We report high resolution measurements of the stable isotope ratios of ancient ice ( δ 18 O, δ D) from the N orth Greenland Eem ian deep ice core (NEEM, 77.45° N, 51.06° E). The record covers the period 8–130 ky b2k (y before 2000) with a temporal resolution of ≈0.5 and 7 y at the top and the bottom of the core respectively and contains important climate events such as the 8.2 ky event, the last glacial termination and a series of glacial stadials and interstadials. At its bottom part the record contains ice from the Eemian interglacial. Isotope ratios are calibrated on the SMOW/SLAP scale and reported on the GICC05 (Greenland Ice Core Chronology 2005) and AICC2012 (Antarctic Ice Core Chronology 2012) time scales interpolated accordingly. We also provide estimates for measurement precision and accuracy for both δ 18 O and δ D.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2052-4463
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41597-021-00916-9
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2775191-0
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dynamics of crystal formation in the Greenland NorthGRIP ice core
    International Glaciological Society ; 2004
    In:  Journal of Glaciology Vol. 50, No. 170 ( 2004), p. 325-328
    Details
    In: Journal of Glaciology, International Glaciological Society, Vol. 50, No. 170 ( 2004), p. 325-328
    Abstract: The North Greenland Icecore Project (NorthGRIP) palaeoclimatic information back to about 120 kyr BP. The size distributions of ice crystals in the upper 880 m of the NorthGRIP ice core, which cover a time-span of approximately 5300 years, have been obtained previously. The distributions evolve towards a universal curve, indicating a common underlying physical process in the formation of crystals. We identify this process as an interplay between fragmentation of the crystals and diffusion of their grain boundaries. The process is described by a two-parameter differential equation to which we obtain the exact solution. The solution is in excellent agreement with the measured distributions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1430 , 1727-5652
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3189/172756504781829873
    Language: English
    Publisher: International Glaciological Society
    Publication Date: 2004
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    SSG: 14
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Understanding what matters most to patients in acute care in seven countries, using the flash mob study design
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  BMC Health Services Research Vol. 21, No. 1 ( 2021-12)
    Details
    In: BMC Health Services Research, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 21, No. 1 ( 2021-12)
    Abstract: Truly patient-centred care needs to be aligned with what patients consider important, and is highly desirable in the first 24 h of an acute admission, as many decisions are made during this period. However, there is limited knowledge on what matters most to patients in this phase of their hospital stay. The objective of this study was to identify what mattered most to patients in acute care and to assess the patient perspective as to whether their treating doctors were aware of this. Methods This was a large-scale, qualitative, flash mob study, conducted simultaneously in sixty-six hospitals in seven countries, starting November 14th 2018, ending 50 h later. One thousand eight hundred fifty adults in the first 24 h of an acute medical admission were interviewed on what mattered most to them, why this mattered and whether they felt the treating doctor was aware of this. Results The most reported answers to “ what matters most (and why)?” were ‘ getting better or being in good health’ (why: to be with family/friends or pick-up life again) , ‘getting home’ (why: more comfortable at home or to take care of someone) and ‘having a diagnosis’ (why: to feel less anxious or insecure) . Of all patients, 51.9% felt the treating doctor did not know what mattered most to them. Conclusions The priorities for acutely admitted patients were ostensibly disease- and care-oriented and thus in line with the hospitals’ own priorities. However, answers to why these were important were diverse, more personal, and often related to psychological well-being and relations. A large group of patients felt their treating doctor did not know what mattered most to them. Explicitly asking patients what is important and why, could help healthcare professionals to get to know the person behind the patient, which is essential in delivering patient-centred care. Trial registration NTR (Netherlands Trial Register) NTR7538 .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1472-6963
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-06459-4
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2050434-2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Steady thermomechanical flow along two‐dimensional flow lines in large grounded ice sheets
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1989
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth Vol. 94, No. B8 ( 1989-08-10), p. 10355-10362
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 94, No. B8 ( 1989-08-10), p. 10355-10362
    Abstract: A thermomechanical flow model has been developed in order to perform simultaneous calculations of the surface elevation and the distribution of stresses, velocities, and temperatures along two‐dimensional flow lines on large grounded ice sheets. In order to solve the complex system of full thermomechanical coupled equations the following approximations have been made: A coordinate scaling giving a lead order reduced model and an iteration procedure, which decouples the energy balance equation from the rest of the equations. Glen's flow law is used as the constitutive relationship between stresses and deformation in the model, and it is found that the longitudinal deviatoric stresses have a significant role in the lead order equations. At the ice divide the solution shows that the velocity, stress, and temperature distributions change rapidly. Here the basal temperature increases creating a “hot spot.” The surface strain rates increase 50% and the horizontal velocity profile is concave near the base, with an inflection point. Away from the ice divide, basal temperature increases, and in the example presented here the basal temperature reaches the pressure melting point after 2/3 of the lateral extent and basal sliding begins to influence the flow. In the ablation region it is seen that the heat produced by internal deformation is of the same order of magnitude as the geothermal heat flux from the bedrock.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/JB094iB08p10355
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1989
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A comparison of the volcanic records over the past 4000 years from the Greenland Ice Core Project and Dye 3 Greenland ice cores
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1997
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 102, No. C12 ( 1997-11-30), p. 26707-26723
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 102, No. C12 ( 1997-11-30), p. 26707-26723
    Abstract: Since 1980 the electrical conductivity method (ECM) has been used to infer volcanic acid signals in Greenland ice cores. The method reveals the great majority of major volcanic eruptions, including several known from historic records. Subsequent ion chromatographic analyses of the acid volcanic layers show the chemical composition, i.e., the concentration of the volcanic acids H 2 SO 4 , HCI, and HF plus, e.g., the nonvolcanically derived HNO 3 . While ECM data are available from a large number of shallow depth Greenland ice cores, covering the past 500–1500 years, only the Greenland Ice Core Project (GRIP), Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2), and Dye 3 deep ice cores exist for a detailed comparative study of volcanic signals in Greenland ice cores representing several thousand years. Comparison of the volcanic signals registered in the GRIP and GISP2 cores will be presented elsewhere. The latter cores were augered 30 km apart and essentially represent the same atmospheric conditions such as temperature, snow accumulation, and chemical composition of the air. Here we present a comparison between the major volcanic signals over the past 4000 years in the GRIP core from central Greenland and the Dye 3 core from SE Greenland in order to investigate the depositional differences. Many of the major signals are detected in both cores, but some of the differences in the records can be used to infer the latitudinal band of some eruption sites. Furthermore, the influence of the amount of annual precipitation and glaciological postdepositional processes on the volcanic signals is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/97JC00587
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1997
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Europe on fire three thousand years ago: Arson or climate?
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2015
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 42, No. 12 ( 2015-06-28), p. 5023-2033
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 42, No. 12 ( 2015-06-28), p. 5023-2033
    Abstract: Ice core analyses demonstrate that boreal fire emissions peak ~2.5 ka Global climate drivers fail in explaining the fire maximum Humans may have left a quantifiable signature on the climate system ~3 ka
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276 , 1944-8007
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/grl.v42.12
    DOI: 10.1002/2015GL064259
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021599-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7403-2
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Oxygen isotope and palaeotemperature records from six Greenland ice-core stations: Camp Century, Dye-3, GRIP, GISP2, Renland and NorthGRIP : OXYGEN ISOTOPE AND PALEOTEMPERATURE RECORDS FROM SIX GREENLAND ICE-CORES
    Wiley ; 2001
    In:  Journal of Quaternary Science Vol. 16, No. 4 ( 2001-05), p. 299-307
    Details
    In: Journal of Quaternary Science, Wiley, Vol. 16, No. 4 ( 2001-05), p. 299-307
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0267-8179
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jqs.622
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2031875-3
    SSG: 13
    SSG: 14
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