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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chloropigment distribution and transport on the inner shelf off Duck, North Carolina
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2001
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 106, No. C6 ( 2001-06-15), p. 11581-11596
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 106, No. C6 ( 2001-06-15), p. 11581-11596
    Abstract: The distribution and movement of chloropigments (chlorophylls and associated degradation products) in the bottom boundary layer near Duck, North Carolina, were examined during July and August 1994. Time series of chloropigment fluorescence, current velocity, and surface wave properties were acquired from instruments mounted on a bottom tripod set at 20 m depth. These data were combined with moored current meter measurements, meteorological data, and shipboard surveys in a comparative assessment of physical processes and chloropigment distribution over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales. Two dominant scales of chloropigment variation were observed. On numerous occasions, small‐scale (order m ) structure in the near‐bottom fluorescence field was observed, even in the absence of identifiable structure in the temperature and salinity fields. Over larger time‐scales and space scales, variations in fluorescence were related to changes in water mass properties that could be attributed to alternating events of upwelling and downwelling. This view was reinforced by shipboard measurements that revealed correlations between fluorescence and hydrographic fields, both of which were modified by wind‐forced upwelling and downwelling and by the advection of low‐salinity water from Chesapeake Bay. Local resuspension of sediments did not contribute appreciably to the near‐bottom pigment load seen at the tripod, because of low bottom stress. Estimates of chloropigment flux indicated a net shoreward transport of chloropigments in the lower boundary layer. However, the rapid fluctuations of currents and pigment concentrations gave rise to large and frequent variations in chloropigment fluxes, generating uncertainty in extrapolations of this finding to longer timescales.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/1999JC000103
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2001
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  • 2
    Online Resource
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    Fluorescence, pigment and microscopic characterization of Bering Sea phytoplankton community structure and photosynthetic competency in the presence of a Cold Pool during summer
    Elsevier BV ; 2014
    In:  Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography Vol. 109 ( 2014-11), p. 84-99
    Details
    In: Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, Elsevier BV, Vol. 109 ( 2014-11), p. 84-99
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0967-0645
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.12.004
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2014
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    SSG: 14
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  • 3
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    Data_Sheet_1.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Marine Science Vol. 8 ( 2021-3-4)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Marine Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2021-3-4)
    Abstract: Subtropical systems experience occasional severe floods, dramatically altering the phytoplankton community structure, in response to changes in salinity, nutrients, and light. This study examined the effects of a 1:100 year summer flood on the phytoplankton community in an Australian subtropical bay – Moreton Bay – over 48 weeks, from January to December 2011. Immediately after maximum flood levels were reached on the rivers flowing into the bay, the lowest salinity, and highest turbidity values, in more than a decade, were measured in the Bay and the areal extent of the flood-related parameters was also far greater than previous flood events. Changes in these parameters together with changes in Colored Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) and sediment concentrations significantly reduced the light availability within the water column. Despite the reduced light availability, the phytoplankton community responded rapidly (1–2 weeks) to the nutrients from flood inputs, as measured using pigment concentrations and cell counts and observed in ocean color satellite imagery. Initially, the phytoplankton community was totally dominated by micro-phytoplankton, particularly diatoms; however, in the subsequent weeks (up to 48-weeks post flood) the community changed to one of nano- and pico-plankton in all areas of the Bay not usually affected by river flow. This trend is consistent with many other studies that show the ability of micro-phytoplankton to respond rapidly to increased nutrient availability, stimulating their growth rates. The results of this study suggest that one-off extreme floods have immediate, but short-lived effects, on phytoplankton species composition and biomass as a result of the interacting and dynamic effects of changes in nutrient and light availability.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-7745
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.580516
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.580516.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Two Decadal (1993–2012) Numerical Assessment of Sediment Dynamics in the Northern Gulf of Mexico
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Water Vol. 11, No. 5 ( 2019-05-04), p. 938-
    Details
    In: Water, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 5 ( 2019-05-04), p. 938-
    Abstract: We adapted the coupled ocean-sediment transport model to the northern Gulf of Mexico to examine sediment dynamics on seasonal-to-decadal time scales as well as its response to decreased fluvial inputs from the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River. Sediment transport on the shelf exhibited contrasting conditions in a year, with strong westward transport in spring, fall, and winter, and relatively weak eastward transport in summer. Sedimentation rate varied from almost zero on the open shelf to more than 10 cm/year near river mouths. A phase shift in river discharge was detected in 1999 and was associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event, after which, water and sediment fluxes decreased by ~20% and ~40%, respectively. Two sensitivity tests were carried out to examine the response of sediment dynamics to high and low river discharge, respectively. With a decreased fluvial supply, sediment flux and sedimentation rate were largely reduced in areas proximal to the deltas, which might accelerate the land loss in down-coast bays and estuaries. The results of two sensitivity tests indicated the decreased river discharge would largely affect sediment balance in waters around the delta. The impact from decreased fluvial input was minimum on the sandy shoals ~100 km west of the Mississippi Delta, where deposition of fluvial sediments was highly affected by winds.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4441
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/w11050938
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    The role of sediment-induced light attenuation on primary production during Hurricane Gustav (2008)
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2020
    In:  Biogeosciences Vol. 17, No. 20 ( 2020-10-20), p. 5043-5055
    Details
    In: Biogeosciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 17, No. 20 ( 2020-10-20), p. 5043-5055
    Abstract: Abstract. We introduced a sediment-induced light attenuation algorithm into a biogeochemical model of the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere–Wave–Sediment Transport (COAWST) modeling system. A fully coupled ocean–atmospheric–sediment–biogeochemical simulation was carried out to assess the impact of sediment-induced light attenuation on primary production in the northern Gulf of Mexico during the passage of Hurricane Gustav in 2008. When compared with model results without sediment-induced light attenuation, our new model showed a better agreement with satellite data on both the magnitude of nearshore chlorophyll concentration and the spatial distribution of offshore bloom. When Hurricane Gustav approached, resuspended sediment shifted the inner shelf ecosystem from a nutrient-limited one to a light-limited one. Only 1 week after Hurricane Gustav's landfall, accumulated nutrients and a favorable optical environment induced a posthurricane algal bloom in the top 20 m of the water column, while the productivity in the lower water column was still light-limited due to slow-settling sediment. Corresponding with the elevated offshore NO3 flux (38.71 mmol N m−1 s−1) and decreased chlorophyll flux (43.10 mg m−1 s−1), the outer shelf posthurricane bloom should have resulted from the cross-shelf nutrient supply instead of the lateral dispersed chlorophyll. Sensitivity tests indicated that sediment light attenuation efficiency affected primary production when sediment concentration was moderately high. Model uncertainties due to colored dissolved organic matter and parameterization of sediment-induced light attenuation are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4189
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-17-5043-2020
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-17-5043-2020-supplement
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Suspended particulate matter dynamics in coastal waters from ocean color: Application to the northern Gulf of Mexico : SUSPENDED PARTICULATE MATTER DYNAMICS
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2007
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 34, No. 23 ( 2007-12-16), p. n/a-n/a
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 34, No. 23 ( 2007-12-16), p. n/a-n/a
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2007GL031192
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2007
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Time Series Measurements of Chlorophyll Fluorescence in the Oceanic Bottom Boundary Layer with a Multisensor Fiber-Optic Fluorometer
    American Meteorological Society ; 1997
    In:  Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology Vol. 14, No. 4 ( 1997-08), p. 889-896
    Details
    In: Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 14, No. 4 ( 1997-08), p. 889-896
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0739-0572 , 1520-0426
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/1520-0426(1997)014〈0889:TSMOCF〉2.0.CO;2
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 1997
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    An estuarine-tuned quasi-analytical algorithm (QAA-V): assessment and application to satellite estimates of SPM in Galveston Bay following Hurricane Harvey
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2018
    In:  Biogeosciences Vol. 15, No. 13 ( 2018-07-04), p. 4065-4086
    Details
    In: Biogeosciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 15, No. 13 ( 2018-07-04), p. 4065-4086
    Abstract: Abstract. The standard quasi-analytical algorithm (Lee et al., 2002) was tuned as QAA-V using a suite of synthetic data and in situ measurements to improve its performance in optically complex and shallow estuarine waters. Two modifications were applied to the standard QAA: (1) the semi-analytical relationship for obtaining remote sensing reflectance just below the water surface as a function of absorption and backscattering coefficients was updated using Hydrolight® simulations, and (2) an empirical model of the total non-water absorption coefficient was proposed using a ratio of green to red bands of an ocean color sensor, which is known to work well in various inland and estuarine environments. The QAA-V-derived total absorption and backscattering coefficients, which were evaluated in a variety of waters ranging from highly absorbing and turbid to relatively clear shelf waters, showed satisfactory performance on a Hydrolight-simulated synthetic dataset (R2 〉 0.87, MRE 〈 17 %), an in situ estuarine and nearshore dataset (R2 〉 0.70, MRE 〈 35 %), and the NOMAD (R2 〉 0.90, MRE 〈 30 %). When compared to the standard QAA (QAA-v6), the QAA-V showed an obvious improvement with ∼ 30–40 % reduction in absolute mean relative error for the Hydrolight-simulated synthetic and in situ estuarine and nearshore datasets, respectively. The methodology of tuning QAA was applied to the VIIRS ocean color sensor and validation results suggest that the proposed methodology can also be applied to other ocean color and land-observing sensors. The QAA-V was also assessed on VIIRS imagery using a regional relationship between suspended particulate matter (SPM) and particulate backscattering coefficient at 532 nm (bbtnw532; R2 = 0.89, N = 33). As a case study, the QAA-V processing chain and VIIRS imagery were used to generate a sequence of SPM maps of Galveston Bay, Texas following the unprecedented flooding of Houston and the surrounding regions due to Hurricane Harvey in August 2017. The record discharge of floodwaters through two major rivers into the bay resulted in very high SPM concentrations over several days throughout the bay, with wind forcing additionally influencing its distribution into the coastal waters of the northern Gulf of Mexico. The promising results of this study suggest that the application of QAA-V to various ocean color and land-observing satellite imagery could be used to assess the bio-optical state and water quality dynamics in a variety of coastal systems around the world.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4189
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-15-4065-2018
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-15-4065-2018-supplement
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Data_Sheet_1.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Marine Science Vol. 8 ( 2021-10-27)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Marine Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2021-10-27)
    Abstract: The Ross Sea, one of the most productive regions in the Southern Ocean, plays a significant role in deep water formation and carbon cycling. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations and chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) absorption and fluorescence (FDOM) properties were studied in conjunction with biophysical properties during austral summer. Elevated values of both DOC (mean 47.82 ± 5.70 μM) and CDOM (absorption coefficient at 325 nm, a cdom 325: mean 0.31 ± 0.18 m –1 ) observed in the upper shelf waters in the southwest (SW), north of the Ross Ice Shelf (RIS), the northwest and along a transect inward of the shelf break, suggested in situ production and accumulation linked to the productive spring/summer season. However, regional differences were observed in CDOM with a cdom 325 higher (0.63 ± 0.19 m –1 ) and its spectral slope S 275 – 295 lower (24.06 ± 2.93 μm –1 ) in the SW compared to other regions (0.25 ± 0.08 m –1 and 28.92 ± 2.67 μm –1 , respectively). Similarly, the specific UV absorption coefficient or SUVA 254 determined at 254 nm was greater (1.85 ± 0.55 m 2 mg –1 C) compared to other regions (1.07 ± 0.24 m 2 mg –1 C), indicating CDOM of greater molecular weight and aromaticity in the SW. Phytoplankton absorption spectra indicated the shallow mixed layer of SW Ross Sea to be dominated by diatoms (e.g., Fragilariopsis spp. ), a preferential food source for grazers such as the Antarctic krill, which in large numbers have been shown to enhance CDOM absorption, a likely source in the SW. Excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence combined with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) retrieved one protein-like and two humic-like FDOM fractions commonly observed in the global ocean. In contrast to a cdom 325 which was uncorrelated to DOC, we observed weak but significant positive correlations between the humic-like FDOM with salinity and DOC, high value of the biological index parameter BIX and an instance of increasing FDOM with depth at a location with sinking organic matter, suggesting autochthonous production of FDOM. The absorption budget showed a relatively higher contribution by CDOM (70.7 ± 18.3%) compared to phytoplankton (22.5 ± 15.2%) absorption coefficients at 443 nm with implications to ocean color remote sensing. This first study of DOM optical properties provides additional insights on carbon cycling in the Ross Sea.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-7745
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.749096
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.749096.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 10
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    Image_1.JPEG
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2019
    In:  Frontiers in Marine Science Vol. 6 ( 2019-8-28)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Marine Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 6 ( 2019-8-28)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-7745
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2019.00523
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2019.00523.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2757748-X
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