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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Academic genealogy of Lawrence A. Crum
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2013
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 134, No. 5_Supplement ( 2013-11-01), p. 4017-4017
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 134, No. 5_Supplement ( 2013-11-01), p. 4017-4017
    Abstract: Lawrence Crum received his Ph.D. in physics from Ohio University in 1967; his advisor was Prof. F. Burt Stumpf. He studied as a postdoc under Prof. F. V. Hunt at Harvard from 1967 to 1968, and held faculty positions in physics at the U.S. Naval Academy from 1968 to 1978, where he supervised Trident Scholars—selected undergraduates who were able to perform the equivalent of a MS thesis. From 1978 to 1992, he held positions in the Department of Physics at the University of Mississippi, where he supervised a number of graduate students toward advanced degrees. Since 1992, he has held positions in the Departments of Electrical Engineering and Bioengineering at the University of Washington, where he has continued to supervise students toward advanced degrees. This poster will attempt to document the many students who have studied under Dr. Crum’s tenure during his academic career.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4830662
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Graduate student mentoring by Lawrence A. Crium
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2023
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 153, No. 3_supplement ( 2023-03-01), p. A191-A191
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 153, No. 3_supplement ( 2023-03-01), p. A191-A191
    Abstract: For a period in excess of 55 years, I have had the opportunity and privilege to serve as an advisor to over 50 students at various levels of their academic instruction and development, particularly at the graduate and postgraduate level. Many of my students have achieved noted success in their careers and have served as Society Presidents, as Deans of Engineering schools, and Directors of Government Labs. Having no established approach to student mentorship, this success has been one of selecting good students with a potential for success in any field and providing them with an opportunity to develop their own careers. Indeed, my style has been one of “benign neglect,” if any. Nevertheless, I will attempt in this lecture to describe what I see is an approach that has resulted in successful career development for my students.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/10.0018620
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ultrasound Accelerates Functional Recovery after Peripheral Nerve Damage
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2001
    In:  Neurosurgery Vol. 48, No. 5 ( 2001-05-01), p. 1136-1141
    Details
    In: Neurosurgery, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 48, No. 5 ( 2001-05-01), p. 1136-1141
    Abstract: Axonal injury in the peripheral nervous system is common, and often it is associated with severe long-term personal and societal costs. The objective of this study is to use an animal model to demonstrate that transcutaneous ultrasound can accelerate recovery from an axonotmetic injury. METHODS The sciatic nerve of adult male Lewis rats was crushed in the right midthigh to cause complete distal degeneration of axons yet maintain continuity of the nerve. Beginning 3 days after surgery, various transcutaneous ultrasound treatments or sham treatments were applied 3 days per week for 30 days to the crush site of rats that were randomly assigned to two groups. In the preliminary experiments, there were three animals in each ultrasound group and two control animals. In the final experiment, there were 22 animals in the ultrasound group and 20 animals in the control group. Recovery was assessed by use of a toe spread assay to quantify a return to normal foot function in the injured leg. Equipment included a hand-held transducer that emitted continuous-wave ultrasound. The most successful ultrasound protocol had a spatial peak, time-averaged intensity of 0.25 W/cm2 operated at 2.25 MHz for 1 minute per application. RESULTS Rats subjected to the most successful ultrasound protocol showed a statistically significant acceleration of foot function recovery starting 14 days after injury versus 18 days for the control group. Full recovery by the ultrasound group occurred before full recovery by the control group. CONCLUSION Transcutaneous ultrasound applied to an animal model of axonotmetic injury accelerated recovery. Future studies should focus on identification of the mechanism(s) by which ultrasound creates this effect, as a prelude to optimization of the protocol, demonstration of its safety, and its eventual application to humans.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-396X , 1524-4040
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/00006123-200105000-00035
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491894-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ultrasound Accelerates Functional Recovery after Peripheral Nerve Damage
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2001
    In:  Neurosurgery Vol. 48, No. 5 ( 2001-05), p. 1136-1141
    Details
    In: Neurosurgery, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 48, No. 5 ( 2001-05), p. 1136-1141
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-396X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1227/00006123-200105000-00035
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491894-8
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    1572: Cavitation Detection and Monitoring in SWL
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2005
    In:  Journal of Urology Vol. 173, No. 4S ( 2005-04), p. 426-426
    Details
    In: Journal of Urology, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 173, No. 4S ( 2005-04), p. 426-426
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-5347 , 1527-3792
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S0022-5347(18)35706-9
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2005
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Observation of cavitation during shock wave lithotripsy
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2005
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 117, No. 4_Supplement ( 2005-04-01), p. 2371-2371
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 117, No. 4_Supplement ( 2005-04-01), p. 2371-2371
    Abstract: A system was built to detect cavitation in pig kidney during shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) with a Dornier HM3 lithotripter. Active detection, using echo on B-mode ultrasound, and passive cavitation detection (PCD), using coincident signals on confocal, orthogonal receivers, were equally sensitive and were used to interrogate the renal collecting system (urine) and the kidney parenchyma (tissue). Cavitation was detected in urine immediately upon SW administration in urine or urine plus X-ray contrast agent, but in tissue, cavitation required hundreds of SWs to initiate. Localization of cavitation was confirmed by fluoroscopy, sonography, and by thermally marking the kidney using the PCD receivers as high intensity focused ultrasound sources. Cavitation collapse times in tissue and native urine were about the same but less than in urine after injection of X-ray contrast agent. Cavitation, especially in the urine space, was observed to evolve from a sparse field to a dense field with strong acoustic collapse emissions to a very dense field that no longer produced detectable collapse. The finding that cavitation occurs in kidney tissue is a critical step toward determining the mechanisms of tissue injury in SWL. [Work sup ported by NIH (DK43881, DK55674, FIRCA), ONRIFO, CRDF and NSBRI SMS00203.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4785612
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SWL stone fragmentation in   vitro is improved by slowing the SW delivery rate
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2000
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 107, No. 5_Supplement ( 2000-05-01), p. 2838-2838
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 107, No. 5_Supplement ( 2000-05-01), p. 2838-2838
    Abstract: Fast shock wave (SW) rates in lithotripsy (SWL) generate enhanced cavitation that could promote stone fragmentation. We tested the idea that SWL at the high end of clinical SW rate (2 Hz) acts to improve stone comminution. Model stones (Ultracal-30 cement) were exposed to SWs (20 kV, 400 SWs) at 0.2, 0.5, 1, and 2 Hz in a research electrohydraulic lithotripter. Fragmentation was assessed by measuring number, size, and projected surface area of the fragments. Stones treated at 0.2 Hz exhibited significantly greater fragmentation (p & lt;0.01) than stones at 1 or 2 Hz, while fragmentation between 0.2 and 0.5 Hz was similar. Mean ± SEM for fragment area increase was 370±53% at 0.2 Hz (n=10 stones), 280±34 at 0.5 Hz (8), 130±31 at 1 Hz (5), and 101±16 at 2 Hz (20). This pronounced enhancement of fragmentation at very slow SW rate was unexpected. High-speed camera images of cavitation at solid objects show an increased bubble cloud at faster SW rates. The bubble cloud may interfere with transmission of acoustic energy to the stone surface. These in vitro data suggest the possibility that patient treatment at fast SW delivery rates may decrease the efficiency of stone comminution. [Work supported by NIH P01-DK43881.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.429162
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cavitation bubble cluster activity in the breakage of stones by shock wave lithotripsy
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2002
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 111, No. 5_Supplement ( 2002-05-01), p. 2461-2461
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 111, No. 5_Supplement ( 2002-05-01), p. 2461-2461
    Abstract: High-speed photography was used to investigate cavitation at the surface of artificial and natural kidney stones during exposure to lithotripter shock pulses in vitro. It was observed that numerous individual bubbles formed over virtually the entire surface of the stone, but these bubbles did not remain independent and combined with one another to form larger bubbles and bubble clusters. The movement of bubble boundaries across the surface left portions of the stone bubble free. The biggest cluster grew to envelop the proximal end of the stone (6.5 mm diameter artificial stone) then collapsed to a small spot that over multiple shots formed a crater in that face of the stone. The bubble clusters that developed at the sides of stones tended to align along fractures and to collapse into these cracks. High-speed camera images demonstrated that cavitation-mediated damage to stones was due not to the action of solitary, individual bubbles, but to the forceful collapse of dynamic clusters of bubbles. [Work supported by NIH DK43881.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4778494
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Improved impulse response for hydrophone measurements in therapeutic ultrasound fields.
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2009
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 125, No. 4_Supplement ( 2009-04-01), p. 2740-2740
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 125, No. 4_Supplement ( 2009-04-01), p. 2740-2740
    Abstract: The accurate measurement of pressure waveforms in high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) fields is complicated by the fact that many devices operate at output levels where shock waves can form in the focal region. In tissue ablation applications, the accurate measurement of the shock amplitude is important for predicting tissue heating since the absorption at the shock is proportional to the shock amplitude cubed. To accurately measure shocked pressure waveforms, not only must a hydrophone with a broad bandwidth ( & gt;100 MHz) be used, but the frequency response of the hydrophone must be known and used to correct the measured waveform. In this work, shocked pressure waveforms were measured using a fiber optic hydrophone and a frequency response for the hydrophone was determined by comparing measurements with numerical modeling using a KZK-type equation. The impulse response was separately determined by comparing a measured and an idealized shock pulse generated by an electromagnetic lithotripter. The frequency responses determined by the two methods were in good agreement. Calculations of heating using measured HIFU waveforms that had been deconvolved with the determined frequency response agreed well with measurements in tissue phantom. [Work supported by NIH DK43881, NSBRI SMST01601, NIH EB007643, and RFBR.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4784553
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of frequency-dependent absorption on the propagation and attenuation of high-intensity acoustic waves containing shocks
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1995
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 98, No. 5_Supplement ( 1995-11-01), p. 2944-2944
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 98, No. 5_Supplement ( 1995-11-01), p. 2944-2944
    Abstract: Shock waves used in extracorporeal lithotripsy and ultrasonic surgery are greatly influenced by thermoviscous losses in the tissue. The influence of the frequency dependence of the absorption coefficient on nonlinear wave distortion and energy attenuation has not been investigated in detail up to now. For absorption frequency dependence other than quadratic, the corresponding nonlinear evolution equation is often complicated and thus frequency domain methods are more effective. The presence of the shock, however, makes this analysis time consuming due to the large number of spectral components needed in the numerical calculation. To avoid this complexity, a semianalytical method that enables calculations with relatively few harmonic components is used. Propagation in media with various power law absorption is considered. It is shown that energy attenuation of an initially sinusoidal wave in a medium with linear power law absorption is quite similar with that in a medium with quadratic power law absorption, even though the waveforms are quite different. The effect of selective absorption of a certain harmonic component is also investigated. It is shown that second harmonic selective absorption does not prevent shock formation, but results in much less energy attenuation over large distances. [Work supported by NIH, FIRCA, and RFFI.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.414068
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1995
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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