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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Short-range Wnt5 signaling initiates specification of sea urchin posterior ectoderm
    The Company of Biologists ; 2013
    In:  Development Vol. 140, No. 24 ( 2013-12-15), p. 4881-4889
    Details
    In: Development, The Company of Biologists, Vol. 140, No. 24 ( 2013-12-15), p. 4881-4889
    Abstract: The border between the posterior ectoderm and the endoderm is a location where two germ layers meet and establish an enduring relationship that also later serves, in deuterostomes, as the anatomical site of the anus. In the sea urchin, a prototypic deuterostome, the ectoderm-endoderm boundary is established before gastrulation, and ectodermal cells at the boundary are thought to provide patterning inputs to the underlying mesenchyme. Here we show that a short-range Wnt5 signal from the endoderm actively patterns the adjacent boundary ectoderm. This signal activates a unique subcircuit of the ectoderm gene regulatory network, including the transcription factors IrxA, Nk1, Pax2/5/8 and Lim1, which are ultimately restricted to subregions of the border ectoderm (BE). Surprisingly, Nodal and BMP2/4, previously shown to be activators of ectodermal specification and the secondary embryonic axis, instead restrict the expression of these genes to subregions of the BE. A detailed examination showed that endodermal Wnt5 functions as a short-range signal that activates only a narrow band of ectodermal cells, even though all ectoderm is competent to receive the signal. Thus, cells in the BE integrate positive and negative signals from both the primary and secondary embryonic axes to correctly locate and specify the border ectoderm.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1477-9129 , 0950-1991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1242/dev.095844
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Company of Biologists
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2007916-3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dynamics of Delta/Notch signaling on endomesoderm segregation in the sea urchin embryo
    The Company of Biologists ; 2010
    In:  Development Vol. 137, No. 1 ( 2010-01-01), p. 83-91
    Details
    In: Development, The Company of Biologists, Vol. 137, No. 1 ( 2010-01-01), p. 83-91
    Abstract: Endomesoderm is the common progenitor of endoderm and mesoderm early in the development of many animals. In the sea urchin embryo, the Delta/Notch pathway is necessary for the diversification of this tissue, as are two early transcription factors, Gcm and FoxA, which are expressed in mesoderm and endoderm, respectively. Here, we provide a detailed lineage analysis of the cleavages leading to endomesoderm segregation, and examine the expression patterns and the regulatory relationships of three known regulators of this cell fate dichotomy in the context of the lineages. We observed that endomesoderm segregation first occurs at hatched blastula stage. Prior to this stage, Gcm and FoxA are co-expressed in the same cells, whereas at hatching these genes are detected in two distinct cell populations. Gcm remains expressed in the most vegetal endomesoderm descendant cells, while FoxA is downregulated in those cells and activated in the above neighboring cells. Initially, Delta is expressed exclusively in the micromeres, where it is necessary for the most vegetal endomesoderm cell descendants to express Gcm and become mesoderm. Our experiments show a requirement for a continuous Delta input for more than two cleavages (or about 2.5 hours) before Gcm expression continues in those cells independently of further Delta input. Thus, this study provides new insights into the timing mechanisms and the molecular dynamics of endomesoderm segregation during sea urchin embryogenesis and into the mode of action of the Delta/Notch pathway in mediating mesoderm fate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1477-9129 , 0950-1991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1242/dev.044149
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Company of Biologists
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2007916-3
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Table_1.XLSX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology Vol. 9 ( 2021-5-20)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2021-5-20)
    Abstract: Chordates are divided into three subphyla: Vertebrata, Tunicata, and Cephalochordata. Phylogenetically, the Cephalochordata, more commonly known as lancelets or amphioxus, constitute the sister group of Vertebrata and Tunicata. Lancelets are small, benthic, marine filter feeders, and their roughly three dozen described species are divided into three genera: Branchiostoma , Epigonichthys , and Asymmetron . Due to their phylogenetic position and their stereotypical chordate morphology and genome architecture, lancelets are key models for understanding the evolutionary history of chordates. Lancelets have thus been studied by generations of scientists, with the first descriptions of adult anatomy and developmental morphology dating back to the 19th century. Today, several different lancelet species are used as laboratory models, predominantly for developmental, molecular and genomic studies. Surprisingly, however, a universal staging system and an unambiguous nomenclature for developing lancelets have not yet been adopted by the scientific community. In this work, we characterized the development of the European lancelet ( Branchiostoma lanceolatum ) using confocal microscopy and compiled a streamlined developmental staging system, from fertilization through larval life, including an unambiguous stage nomenclature. By tracing growth curves of the European lancelet reared at different temperatures, we were able to show that our staging system permitted an easy conversion of any developmental time into a specific stage name. Furthermore, comparisons of embryos and larvae from the European lancelet ( B. lanceolatum ), the Florida lancelet ( Branchiostoma floridae ), two Asian lancelets ( Branchiostoma belcheri and Branchiostoma japonicum ), and the Bahamas lancelet ( Asymmetron lucayanum ) demonstrated that our staging system could readily be applied to other lancelet species. Although the detailed staging description was carried out on developing B. lanceolatum , the comparisons with other lancelet species thus strongly suggested that both staging and nomenclature are applicable to all extant lancelets. We conclude that this description of embryonic and larval development will be of great use for the scientific community and that it should be adopted as the new standard for defining and naming developing lancelets. More generally, we anticipate that this work will facilitate future studies comparing representatives from different chordate lineages.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-634X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.668006
    DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.668006.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.668006.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.668006.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.668006.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.668006.s005
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2737824-X
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A new role for an old gene: Brachyury and the subdivision of the endomesoderm
    Elsevier BV ; 2007
    In:  Developmental Biology Vol. 306, No. 1 ( 2007-06), p. 294-
    Details
    In: Developmental Biology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 306, No. 1 ( 2007-06), p. 294-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-1606
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.03.065
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1463203-2
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A comprehensive survey of wnt and frizzled expression in the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus
    Wiley ; 2014
    In:  genesis Vol. 52, No. 3 ( 2014-03), p. 235-250
    Details
    In: genesis, Wiley, Vol. 52, No. 3 ( 2014-03), p. 235-250
    Abstract: WNT signaling is, in all multicellular animals, an essential intercellular communication pathway that is critical for shaping the embryo. At the molecular level, WNT signals can be transmitted by several transduction cascades, all activated chiefly by the binding of WNT ligands to receptors of the FRIZZLED family. The first step in assessing the biological functions of WNT signaling during embryogenesis is thus the establishment of the spatiotemporal expression profiles of wnt and frizzled genes in the course of embryonic development. To this end, using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Northern blot, and in situ hybridization assays, we report here the comprehensive expression patterns of all 11 wnt and 4 frizzled genes present in the genome of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus during its embryogenesis. Our findings indicate that the expression of these wnt ligands and frizzled receptors is highly dynamic in both time and space. We further establish that all wnt genes are chiefly transcribed in the vegetal hemisphere of the embryo, whereas expression of the frizzled genes is distributed more widely across the embryonic territories. Thus, in P. lividus , WNT ligands might act both as short‐ and long‐range signaling molecules that may operate in all cell lineages and tissues to control various developmental processes during embryogenesis. genesis 52:235–250. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1526-954X , 1526-968X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/dvg.v52.3
    DOI: 10.1002/dvg.22754
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019664-7
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Neural anatomy of echinoid early juveniles and comparison of nervous system organization in echinoderms
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Comparative Neurology Vol. 529, No. 6 ( 2021-04-15), p. 1135-1156
    Details
    In: Journal of Comparative Neurology, Wiley, Vol. 529, No. 6 ( 2021-04-15), p. 1135-1156
    Abstract: The echinoderms are a phylum of marine deuterostomes characterized by the pentaradial (five fold) symmetry of their adult bodies. Due to this unusual body plan, adult echinoderms have long been excluded from comparative analyses aimed at understanding the origin and evolution of deuterostome nervous systems. Here, we investigated the neural anatomy of early juveniles of representatives of three of the five echinoderm classes: the echinoid Paracentrotus lividus , the asteroid Patiria miniata , and the holothuroid Parastichopus parvimensis . Using whole mount immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy, we found that the nervous system of echinoid early juveniles is composed of three main structures: a basiepidermal nerve plexus, five radial nerve cords connected by a circumoral nerve ring, and peripheral nerves innervating the appendages. Our whole mount preparations further allowed us to obtain thorough descriptions of these structures and of several innervation patterns, in particular at the level of the appendages. Detailed comparisons of the echinoid juvenile nervous system with those of asteroid and holothuroid juveniles moreover supported a general conservation of the main neural structures in all three species, including at the level of the appendages. Our results support the previously proposed hypotheses for the existence of two neural units in echinoderms: one consisting of the basiepidermal nerve plexus to process sensory stimuli locally and one composed of the radial nerve cords and the peripheral nerves constituting a centralized control system. This study provides the basis for more in‐depth comparisons of the echinoderm adult nervous system with those of other animals, in particular hemichordates and chordates, to address the long‐standing controversies about deuterostome nervous system evolution.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9967 , 1096-9861
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/cne.v529.6
    DOI: 10.1002/cne.25012
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474879-4
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CYP26 function is required for the tissue-specific modulation of retinoic acid signaling during amphioxus development
    UPV/EHU Press ; 2017
    In:  The International Journal of Developmental Biology Vol. 61, No. 10-11-12 ( 2017), p. 733-747
    Details
    In: The International Journal of Developmental Biology, UPV/EHU Press, Vol. 61, No. 10-11-12 ( 2017), p. 733-747
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0214-6282
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1387/ijdb.170227ms
    Language: English
    Publisher: UPV/EHU Press
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Correction to: Roles of Retinoic Acid Signaling in Shaping the Neuronal Architecture of the Developing Amphioxus Nervous System
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2018
    In:  Molecular Neurobiology Vol. 55, No. 6 ( 2018-6), p. 5230-5231
    Details
    In: Molecular Neurobiology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 55, No. 6 ( 2018-6), p. 5230-5231
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0893-7648 , 1559-1182
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0949-4
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2079384-4
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Video7.MP4
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology Vol. 10 ( 2022-10-31)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2022-10-31)
    Abstract: The sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus has been used as a model system in biology for more than a century. Over the past decades, it has been at the center of a number of studies in cell, developmental, ecological, toxicological, evolutionary, and aquaculture research. Due to this previous work, a significant amount of information is already available on the development of this species. However, this information is fragmented and rather incomplete. Here, we propose a comprehensive developmental atlas for this sea urchin species , describing its ontogeny from fertilization to juvenile stages. Our staging scheme includes three periods divided into 33 stages, plus 15 independent stages focused on the development of the coeloms and the adult rudiment. For each stage, we provide a thorough description based on observations made on live specimens using light microscopy, and when needed on fixed specimens using confocal microscopy. Our descriptions include, for each stage, the main anatomical characteristics related, for instance, to cell division, tissue morphogenesis, and/or organogenesis. Altogether, this work is the first of its kind providing, in a single study, a comprehensive description of the development of P. lividus embryos, larvae, and juveniles, including details on skeletogenesis, ciliogenesis, myogenesis, coelomogenesis, and formation of the adult rudiment as well as on the process of metamorphosis in live specimens. Given the renewed interest for the use of sea urchins in ecotoxicological, developmental, and evolutionary studies as well as in using marine invertebrates as alternative model systems for biomedical investigations, this study will greatly benefit the scientific community and will serve as a reference for specialists and non-specialists interested in studying sea urchins.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-634X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.966408
    DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.966408.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.966408.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.966408.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.966408.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.966408.s005
    DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.966408.s006
    DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.966408.s007
    DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.966408.s008
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2737824-X
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A genome-wide survey of the evolutionarily conserved Wnt pathways in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
    Elsevier BV ; 2006
    In:  Developmental Biology Vol. 300, No. 1 ( 2006-12), p. 121-131
    Details
    In: Developmental Biology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 300, No. 1 ( 2006-12), p. 121-131
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-1606
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.08.045
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1463203-2
    SSG: 12
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