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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bioactive Vitamins and Epigenetic Modifications in Diabetes: A Perspective
    Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. ; 2024
    In:  Current Diabetes Reviews Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2024-01)
    Details
    In: Current Diabetes Reviews, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2024-01)
    Abstract: Diabetes is a complex metabolic disease that has been associated with epigenetic changes. External factors such as dietary patterns can induce an imbalance in the pools of micronutrients and macronutrients in the body. Consequently, bioactive vitamins may influence epigenetic mechanisms via several pathways: involvement in the control of gene expression, and in protein synthesis, by acting as coenzymes and co-factors in the metabolism of methyl groups or methylation of DNA and histones. Herein, we present a perspective on the relevance of bioactive vitamins in the epigenetic modifications that occur in diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1573-3998
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2174/1573399819666230330124035
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2024
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  • 2
    Online Resource
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    Polypharmacy in the Management of Arterial Hypertension—Friend or Foe?
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Medicina Vol. 57, No. 12 ( 2021-11-23), p. 1288-
    Details
    In: Medicina, MDPI AG, Vol. 57, No. 12 ( 2021-11-23), p. 1288-
    Abstract: Background and Objectives: Polypharmacy is associated with drug–drug or food–drug interactions that may pose treatment difficulties. The objective of the study was to investigate the use of polypharmacy in hypertensive patients hospitalized in the Internal Medicine Clinic of a European referral hospital. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review study on patients identified by a database search of discharge diagnoses to assess the use of polypharmacy and identify potential drug-drug and food-drug interactions. Results: In total, 166 hypertensive patients (68.46 ± 12.70 years, range 42–94 years) were compared to 83 normotensive subjects (67.82 ± 14.47 years, range 22–94 years) who were hospitalized in the clinic during the same period. Polypharmacy was more common in hypertensive versus normotensive subjects (p = 0.007). There were no differences in terms of age, as well as major (0.44 ± 0.77 versus 0.37 ± 0.73 interactions/patient, p = 0.52) and minor (1.25 ± 1.50 versus 1.08 ± 1.84 interactions/patient, p = 0.46) drug–drug interactions between patients with and without hypertension. The mean number of drug–drug interactions (6.55 ± 5.82 versus 4.93 ± 5.59 interactions/patient, p = 0.03), moderate drug–drug interactions (4.94 ± 4.75 versus 3.54 ± 4.17, p = 0.02) and food–drug interactions (2.64 ± 1.29 versus 2.02 ± 1.73, p = 0.00) was higher in patients with hypertension versus their counterparts. Conclusions: The present study reinforces that polypharmacy is a serious concern in hypertensive patients, as reflected by the high number of potentially harmful drug–drug or food–drug interactions. We recorded higher numbers of comorbidities, prescribed drugs, and moderate drug–drug/food–drug interactions in hypertensive versus normotensive patients. A strategy to evaluate the number of discharge medications and reduce drug–drug interactions is essential for the safety of hypertensive patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1648-9144
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/medicina57121288
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2088820-X
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Crosstalk of Magnesium and Serum Lipids in Dyslipidemia and Associated Disorders: A Systematic Review
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2021-04-22), p. 1411-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 5 ( 2021-04-22), p. 1411-
    Abstract: Dyslipidemia is a significant threat to public health worldwide and the identification of its pathogenic mechanisms, as well as novel lipid-lowering agents, are warranted. Magnesium (Mg) is a key element to human health and its deficiency has been linked to the development of lipid abnormalities and related disorders, such as the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, or cardiovascular disease. In this review, we explored the associations of Mg (dietary intake, Mg concentrations in the body) and the lipid profile, as well as the impact of Mg supplementation on serum lipids. A systematic search was computed in PubMed/MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library and 3649 potentially relevant papers were detected and screened (n = 3364 following the removal of duplicates). After the removal of irrelevant manuscripts based on the screening of their titles and abstracts (n = 3037), we examined the full-texts of 327 original papers. Finally, after we applied the exclusion and inclusion criteria, a number of 124 original articles were included in this review. Overall, the data analyzed in this review point out an association of Mg concentrations in the body with serum lipids in dyslipidemia and related disorders. However, further research is warranted to clarify whether a higher intake of Mg from the diet or via supplements can influence the lipid profile and exert lipid-lowering actions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu13051411
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Toxicity of targeted anticancer treatments on the liver in myeloproliferative neoplasms
    Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. ; 2023
    In:  World Journal of Hepatology Vol. 15, No. 9 ( 2023-9-27), p. 1021-1032
    Details
    In: World Journal of Hepatology, Baishideng Publishing Group Inc., Vol. 15, No. 9 ( 2023-9-27), p. 1021-1032
    Abstract: Surrogate endpoints are needed to estimate clinical outcomes in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Serum alkaline phosphatase was among the first markers studied, but there is substantial variability in alkaline phosphatase levels during the natural history of PSC without intervention. The Mayo risk score incorporates noninvasive variables and has served as a surrogate endpoint for survival for more than two decades. Newer models have better test performance than the Mayo risk score, including the primary sclerosing risk estimate tool (PREsTo) model and UK-PSC score that estimate hepatic decompensation and transplant free survival, respectively. The c-statistics for transplant-free survival for the Mayo risk model and the long-term UK-PSC model are 0.68 and 0.85, respectively. The c-statistics for hepatic decompensation for the Mayo risk model and PREsTo model are 0.85 and 0.90, respectively. The Amsterdam-Oxford model included patients with large duct and small duct PSC and patients with PSC-autoimmune hepatitis overlap and had a c-statistic of 0.68 for transplant-free survival. Other noninvasive tests that warrant further validation include magnetic resonance imaging, elastography and the enhanced liver fibrosis score. Prognostic models, noninvasive tests or a combination of these surrogate endpoints may not only serve to be useful in clinical trials of investigational agents, but also serve to inform our patients about their prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1948-5182
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v15.i9.1021
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2573703-X
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Liquid Biopsy and Potential Liquid Biopsy-Based Biomarkers in Philadelphia-Negative Classical Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: A Systematic Review
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Life Vol. 11, No. 7 ( 2021-07-10), p. 677-
    Details
    In: Life, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 7 ( 2021-07-10), p. 677-
    Abstract: Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are rare, clonal disorders of the hematopoietic stem cell in which an uncontrolled proliferation of terminally differentiated myeloid cells is noted. Polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF) are included in the category of Philadelphia-negative, so-called classical MPNs. The potential applications of liquid biopsy and liquid biopsy-based biomarkers have not been explored in MPNs until now. Thus, a systematic search was computed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science and The Cochrane Library and, in total, 198 potentially relevant papers were detected. Following the removal of duplicates (n = 85), 113 records were screened. After the exclusion of irrelevant manuscripts based on the screening of their titles and abstracts (n = 81), we examined the full texts of 33 manuscripts. Finally, after we applied the exclusion and inclusion criteria, 27 original articles were included in this review. Overall, the data analyzed in this review point out that liquid biopsy and liquid biopsy-based biomarkers (cell-free DNA, extracellular vesicles, microparticles, circulating endothelial cells) could be used in MPNs for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. Future research is needed to clarify whether this technique can be employed to differentiate between MPN subtypes and secondary causes of erythrocytosis, thrombocytosis and myelofibrosis, as well as to predict the development of thrombosis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-1729
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/life11070677
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662250-6
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Implications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Patients with Acute Cholangitis: A Systematic Review of Current Literature
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Healthcare Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2022-11-02), p. 2196-
    Details
    In: Healthcare, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2022-11-02), p. 2196-
    Abstract: Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been associated with higher rates and poorer prognosis of infections, mainly due to poor glycemic control, reduced response of T-cells and neutrophils, and impaired migration, phagocytosis, and chemotaxis of leukocytes. However, the impact of T2DM on acute cholangitis (AC) has not been assessed so far. Thus, we aimed to explore this association by means of a systematic review of the literature. Methods: This systematic review was carried out based on the recommendations stated in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched the PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science and SCOPUS databases to identify relevant publications depicting an association between T2DM and AC from the inception of these search services up to present. Results: We detected a total of 435 eligible records. After we applied the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 14 articles were included in the present systematic review. Included manuscripts focused on the potential role of T2DM as a risk factor for the development of AC and on its contribution to a worse prognosis in AC, e.g., development of sepsis or other complications, the risk of AC recurrence and the impact on mortality. Conclusions: As compared to non-diabetic individuals, patients with T2DM have a higher risk of AC as a complication of choledocholithiasis or gallstone pancreatitis. Several oral hypoglycemic drugs used in the management of T2DM may also be involved in the onset of AC. Diabetic patients who suffer from AC have a higher likelihood of longer hospital stays and sepsis, as well as a higher risk of mortality and more severe forms of AC as compared to non-diabetic individuals.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10112196
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721009-1
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Cardio metabolic risk factors for atrial fibrillation in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Focus on hypertension, metabolic syndrome and obesity
    Valparaiso University ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences ( 2019-4-27), p. 157-161
    Details
    In: Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences, Valparaiso University, ( 2019-4-27), p. 157-161
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2392-7674
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.22543/7674.61.P157161
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Valparaiso University
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2851242-X
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Exploring the impact of rotavirus vaccination on antibiotic prescription and resistance: A comprehensive systematic review
    Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. ; 2024
    In:  World Journal of Virology Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2024-6-25)
    Details
    In: World Journal of Virology, Baishideng Publishing Group Inc., Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2024-6-25)
    Abstract: BACKGROUND Rotavirus is a highly contagious virus responsible for a significant burden of acute gastroenteritis, particularly among infants and young children worldwide, however, vaccination against this viral agent is available. Several studies have hypothesized that rotavirus vaccination has been linked to lower rates of antibiotic resistance. AIM To assess the relationship between rotavirus vaccination and antibiotic resistance. METHODS The present systematic review was tailored based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Several electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science) were searched independently by two investigators in order to retrieve relevant publications published until April 2023 that investigated the aforementioned research question. RESULTS The comprehensive database search identified a total of 91 records. After the duplicates were removed (n = 75), we screened the titles and abstracts of 16 potentially eligible publications. After the irrelevant records were excluded (n = 5), we screened the full texts of 11 manuscripts. Finally, 5 studies were entered into the qualitative and quantitative analysis. CONCLUSION In conclusion, all the studies support the idea that vaccinations can reduce the need for antibiotic prescriptions which could potentially contribute to mitigating antibiotic resistance. However, to fully comprehend the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, enhance treatment guidelines, and consider diverse demographic situations, further research is necessary to use evidence-based strategies to fight antibiotic misuse and resistance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2220-3249
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v13.i2.92586
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2829019-7
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Glimpse at the Size of the Fetal Liver—Is It Connected with the Evolution of Gestational Diabetes?
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 22, No. 15 ( 2021-07-23), p. 7866-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 15 ( 2021-07-23), p. 7866-
    Abstract: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as an impairment of glucose tolerance, manifested by hyperglycemia, which occurs at any stage of pregnancy. GDM is more common in the third trimester of pregnancy and usually disappears after birth. It was hypothesized that the glycemic status of the mother can modulate liver development and growth early during the pregnancy. The simplest modality to monitor the evolution of GDM employs noninvasive techniques. In this category, routinely obstetrical ultrasound (OUS) examinations (simple or 2D/3D) can be employed for specific fetal measurements, such as fetal liver length (FLL) or volume (FLV). FLL and FLV may emerge as possible predictors of GDM as they positively relate to the maternal glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and to the results of the oral glucose tolerance test. The aim of this review is to offer insight into the relationship between GDM and fetal nutritional status. Risk factors for GDM and the short- and long-term outcomes of GDM pregnancies are also discussed, as well as the significance of different dietary patterns. Moreover, the review aims to fill one gap in the literature, investigating whether fetal liver growth can be used as a predictor of GDM evolution. To conclude, although studies pointed out a connection between fetal indices and GDM as useful tools in the early detection of GDM (before 23 weeks of gestation), additional research is needed to properly manage GDM and offspring health.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157866
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
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    Dyslipidemia: A Trigger for Coronary Heart Disease in Romanian Patients with Diabetes
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Metabolites Vol. 10, No. 5 ( 2020-05-14), p. 195-
    Details
    In: Metabolites, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 5 ( 2020-05-14), p. 195-
    Abstract: Previous studies have reported age and gender disparities in the occurrence and therapeutic approach of dyslipidemia and (or) coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to investigate these differences in Romanian patients with T2DM. A cross-sectional, observational, retrospective study was conducted using the medical records of T2DM patients who attended the outpatient facility of the Internal Medicine Clinic of the Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Romania for routine check-ups in a six-month period. We analyzed the records of 217 diabetic patients (mean age 69 ± 11 years; 51.15% women). We found no significant gender differences in the occurrence of dyslipidemia, CHD or CHD + dyslipidemia or in terms of statin prescription. However; patients aged 65 years or older were significantly more affected by dyslipidemia, CHD or CHD + dyslipidemia, versus subjects aged 〈 65 years. Further, they were more likely to be prescribed statin therapy (p 〈 0.0001 for all). Statins were prescribed to 67.24% of the patients with dyslipidemia; 61.01% of the subjects with CHD; and to 91.48% of the patients who had both conditions. e recorded no gender differences in the occurrence of CHD and (or) dyslipidemia in Romanian T2DM patients. Patients aged 65 years or older had a higher prevalence of CHD and/or dyslipidemia, and were more likely to be prescribed statins, versus younger counterparts. However, many T2DM patients with CHD and (or) dyslipidemia were undertreated: Nearly 33% of the subjects with dyslipidemia, and nearly 40% of the ones with CHD were not prescribed statins.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2218-1989
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/metabo10050195
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662251-8
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