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  • 1
    In: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, Elsevier BV, Vol. 114 ( 2023-11), p. 262-274
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0889-1591
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1462491-6
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  • 2
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 40, No. 6_suppl ( 2022-02-20), p. 565-565
    Abstract: 565 Background: Metabolomic profiling of plasma from mUC pts has not been comprehensively examined. Plasma metabolomics may capture the effects of interactions between the malignancy, host and therapy. We hypothesized that Identifying metabolites in plasma from patients with mUC receiving an ICI or PBC may shed valuable insights regarding tumor biology and mechanisms of resistance. Methods: We obtained 0.2 ml plasma before and after starting therapy from pts with mUC receiving an ICI or PBC at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. Plasma metabolomic profiling was conducted at the Broad Institute using 3 complementary liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics platforms. We measured 648 metabolites at baseline prior to starting ICI/PBC and at a second time point in each subject following initiation of ICI/PBC. Metabolite levels were assumed to be normally distributed with log transformation to transform distributions to be approximately symmetric. We performed Wilcoxon-rank sum test to compare the levels of metabolites before and after initiation of the ICI or PBC (significance at p 〈 0.05). Results: Plasma was available at baseline and during therapy in 53 mUC pts (ICI: n = 43; PBC: n = 10). The median age was 68 (range: 39-86) years and 42 (82.3%) were male. The median time from baseline to the second time point was 4.7 months (range: 0.7-90.2). The ICIs administered were atezolizumab (n = 20), pembrolizumab (n = 16), nivolumab (n = 5), and durvalumab + tremelimumab (n = 1). We identified 20 metabolites that were significantly increased in post-PBC plasma samples (vs. pre-PBC) and 19 metabolites increased in post-ICI (vs. pre-ICI) samples (p 〈 0.05). All altered metabolites except one (Uracil) were exclusive for each treatment group. The most significant metabolites that increased following initiation of the ICI and PBC are shown in the Table. Evaluation of the association of plasma metabolomics with clinical outcomes and toxicities is ongoing. Conclusions: This is the first report, to our knowledge, of comprehensive metabolomic plasma profiling of pre- and post-ICI and PBC pts with mUC. The metabolomic changes after ICI appear distinct from those seen after PBC. Furthermore, our study sheds insights on potential mechanisms of resistance and new therapeutic targets in pts with mUC.[Table: see text]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 3
    In: Circulation, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 141, No. Suppl_1 ( 2020-03-03)
    Abstract: Introduction: Hormone therapy (HT) has been linked to chronic disease risk in postmenopausal women, but the effect of HT on the metabolome is unclear. Hypothesis: Randomized HT is associated with perturbations in the metabolome. Methods: The discovery set, from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI), included 288 women in the conjugated equine estrogens-alone (CEE) trial (139 active; 149 placebo) and 244 women in the CEE + medroxyprogesterone acetate (CEE+MPA) trial (133 active; 111 placebo). Blood samples were collected 1 year after intervention. The validation set included 494 women from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and NHS2 (264 non-users, 158 estrogen-alone users, and 72 estrogen + progestogen users). Plasma metabolome was profiled by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; 478 known metabolites were used in analyses. We used elastic net regressions to develop metabolomic signatures for CEE and CEE+MPA in the WHI, adjusting for age and race. We applied the signature models to NHS/NHS2 and compared the signatures of current HT users to those of non-users. Pathway analysis was done using MetaboAnalyst. Results: In the WHI, we identified a CEE metabolomic signature comprised of 42 metabolites and a CEE+MPA signature comprised of 34 metabolites ( Fig. A ). The two signatures shared 8 metabolites (4 amino acids, 2 glycerophospholipids, and 2 quaternary amines). In NHS/NHS2, CEE and CEE+MPA signatures were highly correlated ( r =0.85) and both significantly higher in current HT users than non-users ( P ≤2.7х10 -15 ) ( Fig. B ). The CEE+MPA signature metabolites were enriched in 3 pathways (glycerophospholipid metabolism; aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis; and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism); no pathway enrichment was found for the CEE signature. Conclusions: We identified and validated metabolomic signatures for CEE and CEE+MPA use in postmenopausal women from WHI and NHS/NHS2. Whether alterations in lipid or amino acid metabolism mediate associations of HT use with chronic disease needs future investigation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0009-7322 , 1524-4539
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466401-X
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  • 4
    In: Circulation, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 137, No. suppl_1 ( 2018-03-20)
    Abstract: Background: Lipid metabolism disruption and excess cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk have been associated with HIV infection, yet plasma lipidomics profile and its relationship with CVD risk has been rarely examined in HIV-infected individuals. Methods: Using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, 211 plasma lipid species from 13 classes were profiled in 737 women and men aged 35-55 years (520 HIV+, 217 HIV-) from the Women’s Interagency HIV Study and the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. Repeated B-mode carotid artery ultrasound imaging was obtained in 2004-2013. Poisson regression and network analysis were used to examine associations of baseline lipids with incident carotid plaque over 7 years (112 cases, 90 HIV+ and 22 HIV-). Results: Adjusted for demographic and behavioral factors, 120 individual species from 11 lipid classes showed significant associations with incident carotid plaque (all P 〈 0.05 FDR adjusted). The risk ratios were 1.22 to 1.44 per standard deviation increment for top significant lipids from 11 classes. Further adjustment for HIV serostatus and conventional CVD risk factors did not change the results. No evidence of effect modification by HIV serostatus was observed. Network analysis identified 2 lipid modules (Blue and Pink), which included triacylglycerols (TAGs) and phosphatidylcholines of higher acyl carbon number and greater double bond content, showing the strongest associations with incident carotid plaque ( Figure ). Of note, the Blue module, but not the Pink module, also showed a strong positive association with HIV infection. Most lipids in the Blue module had higher levels in HIV+ compared to HIV- individuals, and were associated with increased risk of carotid plaque ( Figure ). Conclusions: Lipidomics profiling identified that multiple lipids, especially, TAGs, are increased in HIV infection and associated with progression of atherosclerosis. Our data provide new insights into early lipid metabolism alterations preceding the development of CVD in HIV infection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0009-7322 , 1524-4539
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466401-X
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  • 5
    In: Circulation, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 135, No. suppl_1 ( 2017-03-07)
    Abstract: Background: Metabolomics technologies can efficiently profile a large number of structurally diverse lipids, e.g., glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and glycerolipids, that may play differential roles in pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, existing studies were focused more on discovering individual lipid metabolites for CVD risk prediction than inferring perturbed pathways responsible for the pathological processes. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that different lipid metabolic pathways, captured by network analysis, were divergently associated with CVD risk; the associations could be modified by the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) intervention. Methods: We conducted this study in the PREDIMED trial with participants randomized to three intervention diets: MedDiet with extra-virgin olive oil, MedDiet with nuts, or a low-fat control diet. This study comprises a subcohort of 788 participants randomly selected from the PREDIMED cohort and 230 cases. The outcome was a composite endpoint of non-fatal acute myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke and cardiovascular death. We performed network analysis using Gaussian graphic model among 200 targeted lipid metabolites and subsequent dimensionality reduction using Greedy Modularity Optimization to detect subnetworks. We calculated the subnetwork scores by summing up the products of the topological connectivity weight (representing network structure) and metabolite level and included the scores into Cox proportional hazards model with simultaneous adjustment for other subnetwork scores and covariates. The Benjamini-Hochberg procedure was applied to detect smaller subnetworks of specific interest for further investigation. Results: We detected 4 major subnetworks of lipid metabolic pathway. Most lipid metabolites with larger numbers of carbon atom and double bond clustered within a same subnetwork (subnetwork 2), while those with smaller numbers of carbon atom and double bond clustered within other 3 subnetworks (subnetworks 1, 3 and 4). The hazard ratio (HR) of CVD across quartiles of the subnetwork score 2 was 0.56 (95% CI, 0.35, 0.91, P trend =0.008) after multivariable adjustment. The HRs of CVD comparing extreme quartiles of subnetwork scores 3 and 4 were 1.85 (95% CI, 1.15, 2.97, P trend =0.02) and 1.93 (95% CI, 1.19, 3.14, P trend =0.01), respectively. The MedDiet appeared to enhance the inverse association between subnetwork score 2 and CVD ( P interaction =0.03). We detected several smaller subnetworks with functional interpretation related to CVD pathogenesis such as the ceramide pathway and the pathway including phospholipids with high unsaturation. Conclusions: Based on topological structure of lipid metabolic pathways, we detected biologically meaningful pathways. We found divergent associations between subnetworks and CVD and smaller subnetworks with functional interpretation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0009-7322 , 1524-4539
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466401-X
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  • 6
    In: Circulation, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 145, No. 5 ( 2022-02), p. 357-370
    Abstract: Plasma proteins are critical mediators of cardiovascular processes and are the targets of many drugs. Previous efforts to characterize the genetic architecture of the plasma proteome have been limited by a focus on individuals of European descent and leveraged genotyping arrays and imputation. Here we describe whole genome sequence analysis of the plasma proteome in individuals with greater African ancestry, increasing our power to identify novel genetic determinants. Methods: Proteomic profiling of 1301 proteins was performed in 1852 Black adults from the Jackson Heart Study using aptamer-based proteomics (SomaScan). Whole genome sequencing association analysis was ascertained for all variants with minor allele count ≥5. Results were validated using an alternative, antibody-based, proteomic platform (Olink) as well as replicated in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and the HERITAGE Family Study (Health, Risk Factors, Exercise Training and Genetics). Results: We identify 569 genetic associations between 479 proteins and 438 unique genetic regions at a Bonferroni-adjusted significance level of 3.8×10 -11 . These associations include 114 novel locus-protein relationships and an additional 217 novel sentinel variant-protein relationships. Novel cardiovascular findings include new protein associations at the APOE gene locus including ZAP70 (sentinel single nucleotide polymorphism [SNP] rs7412-T, β=0.61±0.05, P =3.27×10 -30 ) and MMP-3 (β=-0.60±0.05, P =1.67×10 -32 ), as well as a completely novel pleiotropic locus at the HPX gene, associated with 9 proteins. Further, the associations suggest new mechanisms of genetically mediated cardiovascular disease linked to African ancestry; we identify a novel association between variants linked to APOL1-associated chronic kidney and heart disease and the protein CKAP2 (rs73885319-G, β=0.34±0.04, P =1.34×10 -17 ) as well as an association between ATTR amyloidosis and RBP4 levels in community-dwelling individuals without heart failure. Conclusions: Taken together, these results provide evidence for the functional importance of variants in non-European populations, and suggest new biological mechanisms for ancestry-specific determinants of lipids, coagulation, and myocardial function.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0009-7322 , 1524-4539
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466401-X
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  • 7
    In: Circulation, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 135, No. suppl_1 ( 2017-03-07)
    Abstract: Background: Using novel metabolomic markers to identify individuals at increased risk for total and cardiovascular mortality may help inform therapeutic or prevention strategies. Methods: A total of 2306 women in the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) Observational Study (WHI-OS) and Hormone Trials (WHI-HT) had 370 plasma metabolites measured at baseline by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy. The analysis cohort included 2298 women (943 WHI-OS; 1355 WHI-HT) with complete covariate data. Multivariate cox proportional hazards models were constructed to examine the association of metabolites with mortality, adjusting for age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, hypertension treatment, diabetes, smoking, total and HDL cholesterol. The WHI-OS data were used for discovery analyses; metabolites with a multivariate-adjusted false discovery rate (FDR) adjusted p value 〈 0.05 were considered significant. These candidate metabolites were included for backwards selection (p for exclusion 〉 0.05) to identify independent metabolites for inclusion in a composite score. The score of these significant mutually-adjusted metabolites was created based on the quartile score for each metabolite, with higher values indicating higher likelihood of all cause mortality and was tested in the WHI-HT cohort. Results: During a median follow-up of 16.7 years, 1,102 women died (417 WHI-OS; 685 WHI-HT), with 601 cardiovascular deaths. At baseline, the median age was 68 years (interquartile range 62-72) and median time to death was 9.9 years. In the WHI-OS discovery cohort, 56 metabolites were significantly associated with multivariate-adjusted total mortality (FDR p 〈 0.05). When all 56 metabolites were mutually adjusted in the same model and subjected to backwards selection, 15 metabolites remained significantly associated with total mortality after multivariate adjustment and were used to create a composite score. In the separate WHI-HT validation cohort, women in the highest score quartile had a hazards ratio (HR) of 2.36 (95% CI: 1.88-3.21) for death. The mortality score was also associated with CVD death (HR 3.27 [2.54-4.22] highest vs. lowest quartile) for the combined WHI-OS and WHI-HT sample. Six metabolites were significantly associated with mortality in both samples with multivariate mutual adjustment; docosatrienoic acid an omega-3 fatty acid, histamine a pro-inflammatory compound , and the alpha-amino acids histidine and tryptophan were protective while 3-ureidopropionic acid an intermediate in the metabolism of uracil, and 18:1 cholesterol ester were associated with increased risk. Conclusions: Using a robust discovery and validation design, metabolite profiles were associated with significantly increased total and CVD mortality, even after adjustment for traditional risk factors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0009-7322 , 1524-4539
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466401-X
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  • 8
    In: Circulation, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 146, No. Suppl_1 ( 2022-11-08)
    Abstract: Introduction: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a cardiovascular disease risk equivalent and likely results from broad metabolic changes, which high throughput proteomics have helped to unravel. Prior studies are limited by proteomic coverage, cross sectional design, and lack of physiologic phenotyping. Hypothesis: Complementary proteomic studies of incident T2D and physiologic responses to an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) will identify novel proteins with roles in glucose homeostasis and future risk of T2D. Methods: Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) and HERITAGE study participants without diabetes underwent SomaScan ® profiling of 4,776 plasma proteins. HERITAGE participants underwent IVGTT, from which insulin sensitivity index (S I ), acute insulin response to glucose (AIR G ), and glucose effectiveness (S G ) were derived. We used Cox regression to test protein associations with 18-year incident T2D in CHS, and multivariable linear regression to test protein associations with IVGTT measures in HERITAGE. Results: In CHS (N = 2631, 74 ± 5 years, 62% female, 14% Black), 57 proteins were significantly associated with incident T2D after comprehensive covariate and multiple testing adjustment. Of these, 44, 9, and 8 were associated with S I , AIR G , and S G respectively in HERITAGE (N = 752, 35 ± 14 years, 55% female, 38% Black) (Figure). Notable findings include beta-glucuronidase, which associated with increased T2D risk (HR 1.46 per SD increase in log 2 protein level) and lower S G , suggesting a role in insulin-independent glucose disposal, and thrombospondin-2, which associated with increased T2D risk (HR 1.26 per SD), lower AIR G , and not with S I , indicating that it may be a marker of pancreatic dysfunction. Conclusions: By integrating proteomics from two complementary prospective cohorts using different but related outcomes, we identified 34 novel protein-T2D associations, and characterized their relationship with physiologic axes of glucose metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0009-7322 , 1524-4539
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466401-X
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  • 9
    In: Cancer Cell, Elsevier BV, Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2013-03), p. 287-301
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1535-6108
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2074034-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2078448-X
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
    In: Cancer Cell, Elsevier BV, Vol. 19, No. 3 ( 2011-03), p. 416-428
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1535-6108
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2074034-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2078448-X
    SSG: 12
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