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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Consistent temporal variation in the diet of an endangered alpine lizard across two south‐eastern Australian sky‐islands
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Austral Ecology Vol. 43, No. 3 ( 2018-05), p. 339-351
    Details
    In: Austral Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 43, No. 3 ( 2018-05), p. 339-351
    Abstract: A species' diet and feeding strategy directly affect fitness and environmental interactions. Understanding spatial and temporal variation in diets can identify key resources, inform trophic relationships, and assist in managing threatened species. The nationally endangered Guthega skink, Liopholis guthega , is restricted to two isolated Australian alpine plateaux, the Bogong High Plains ( BHP ) in Victoria and Kosciuszko National Park ( KNP ) in New South Wales. We compared this species' foraging ecology over the summer period between these ‘sky‐islands’ separated by ~100 km of lowland valleys. Scat composition did not differ between the two lizard populations, despite differences in the invertebrate assemblages present. However, L. guthega diet varied temporally over summer at both locations. Invertebrates, predominantly Hymenoptera and Coleoptera, were the dominant food group in early summer (78% volume (V), 100% frequency occurrence (F)) and mid‐summer (80% V, 100% F). A significant dietary shift occurred in late summer, when lizards consumed predominantly plant material (63% V, 95.5% F), consisting primarily of seasonally abundant berries from the snow beard heath, Acrothamnus montanus . In contrast to similar‐sized Egerniinae species, it appears L. guthega is capable of opportunistically shifting its diet towards plant material in response to temporal variation in resource availability. Furthermore, the prevalence of intact seeds in scats indicates L. guthega may play a significant role in seed dispersal. Understanding these trophic interactions will assist conservation management of L. guthega , allowing conditions for an already established captive colony to mimic the temporally variable diets present in situ , as well as informing revegetation initiatives aimed at maintaining and expanding wild populations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1442-9985 , 1442-9993
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/aec.2018.43.issue-3
    DOI: 10.1111/aec.12572
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The death adder Acanthophis antarcticus (Shaw & Nodder, 1802) in Victoria: historical records and contemporary uncertainty
    Museums Victoria ; 2018
    In:  Memoirs of Museum Victoria Vol. 77 ( 2018), p. 29-40
    Details
    In: Memoirs of Museum Victoria, Museums Victoria, Vol. 77 ( 2018), p. 29-40
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1447-2554
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv
    DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.2018.77.03
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Museums Victoria
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2140761-7
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A trapping survey of small, ground-dwelling vertebrates in the Little Desert National Park, Victoria
    Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales ; 2005
    In:  Australian Zoologist Vol. 33, No. 1 ( 2005-06), p. 119-126
    Details
    In: Australian Zoologist, Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, Vol. 33, No. 1 ( 2005-06), p. 119-126
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0067-2238
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7882/AZ.2005.009
    Language: English
    Publisher: Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2479156-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Agonistic behavioural asymmetry in two species of montane lizard that exhibit elevational replacement
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Landscape Ecology Vol. 36, No. 3 ( 2021-03), p. 863-876
    Details
    In: Landscape Ecology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 36, No. 3 ( 2021-03), p. 863-876
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0921-2973 , 1572-9761
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10980-020-01184-5
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016200-5
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Testing the utility of species distribution modelling using Random Forests for a species in decline
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Austral Ecology Vol. 45, No. 6 ( 2020-09), p. 706-716
    Details
    In: Austral Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 45, No. 6 ( 2020-09), p. 706-716
    Abstract: Habitat suitability estimates derived from species distribution models (SDMs) are increasingly used to guide management of threatened species. Poorly estimating species’ ranges can lead to underestimation of threatened status, undervaluing of remaining habitat and misdirection of conservation funding. We aimed to evaluate the utility of a SDM, similar to the models used to inform government regulation of habitat in our study region, in estimating the contemporary distribution of a threatened and declining species. We developed a presence‐only SDM for the endangered New Holland Mouse ( Pseudomys novaehollandiae ) across Victoria, Australia. We conducted extensive camera trap surveys across model‐predicted and expert‐selected areas to generate an independent data set for use in evaluating the model, determining confidence in absence data from non‐detection sites with occupancy and detectability modelling. We assessed the predictive capacity of the model at thresholds based on (1) sum of sensitivity and specificity (SSS), and (2) the lowest presence threshold (LPT; i.e. the lowest non‐zero model‐predicted habitat suitability value at which we detected the species). We detected P. novaehollandiae at 40 of 472 surveyed sites, with strong support for the species’ probable absence from non‐detection sites. Based on our post hoc optimised SSS threshold of the SDM, 25% of our detection sites were falsely predicted as non‐suitable habitat and 75% of sites predicted as suitable habitat did not contain the species at the time of our survey. One occupied site had a model‐predicted suitability value of zero, and at the LPT, 88% of sites predicted as suitable habitat did not contain the species at the time of our survey. Our findings demonstrate that application of generic SDMs in both regulatory and investment contexts should be tempered by considering their limitations and currency. Further, we recommend engaging species experts in the extrapolation and application of SDM outputs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1442-9985 , 1442-9993
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/aec.v45.6
    DOI: 10.1111/aec.12884
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Phylogenetic evidence of historic mitochondrial introgression and cryptic diversity in the genus Pseudemoia (Squamata: Scincidae)
    Elsevier BV ; 2014
    In:  Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Vol. 81 ( 2014-12), p. 86-95
    Details
    In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Elsevier BV, Vol. 81 ( 2014-12), p. 86-95
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1055-7903
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.09.006
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1471402-4
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Rare but not lost: Endemic mountain lizard occupancy following megafire and grazing disturbances
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Austral Ecology Vol. 48, No. 8 ( 2023-12), p. 1921-1940
    Details
    In: Austral Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 48, No. 8 ( 2023-12), p. 1921-1940
    Abstract: Wildfire and grazing by invasive herbivores can influence habitat suitability for ground‐dwelling fauna, such as reptiles. Australia has a large and diverse reptile fauna, with the Australian Alps bioregion in the southeast of the continent supporting a disproportionately high number of threatened species. In this bioregion, many species are threatened by fire, habitat loss or modification, and invasive species. The range of one such threatened endemic lizard, Cyclodomorphus praealtus (family Scincidae), was impacted by the 2019–20 megafires and is also subject to widespread grazing by invasive species. We investigated the relationship between C. praealtus site occupancy and fire and grazing. We completed 2045 surveys across 120 sites over 4 years, detecting the species at 43% of sites and increasing the species' known geographic range. Using single season detection occupancy models, we found C. praealtus occupancy was not associated with elevation, vegetation height or whether the site was burnt, but was positively associated with grazing activity. Our results indicate that C. praealtus has the capacity to persist following a single fire in some cases, and that habitats with high occupancy probabilities are subject to high grazing pressure. However, our results do not rule out more nuanced impacts associated with these disturbances, which affect a large proportion of C. praealtus ' habitat. Our cumulative detection probability calculations revealed that considerable survey effort is often required to determine C. praealtus site occupancy. We therefore recommend that impact assessments assume species presence within areas of suitable habitat within the species' range. Our study improves our understanding of disturbance impacts on C. praealtus ' occupancy, while demonstrating the need for sufficiently resourced impact assessments for cryptic and threatened species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1442-9985 , 1442-9993
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/aec.v48.8
    DOI: 10.1111/aec.13431
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2095166-8
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  • 8
    Online Resource
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    Characteristics of refugia used by the threatened Australian growling grass frog (Litoria raniformis) during a prolonged drought
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2013
    In:  Wildlife Research Vol. 40, No. 5 ( 2013), p. 385-
    Details
    In: Wildlife Research, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 40, No. 5 ( 2013), p. 385-
    Abstract: Context Because they are dependent on water, drought can have a deleterious impact on aquatic-breeding amphibians. One such species, the threatened growling grass frog (Litoria raniformis) occurs in south-eastern Australia, a region that has recently emerged from a decade-long, severe drought. Aims We aimed to identify features of drought refugia that facilitate persistence of L. raniformis, so as to provide guidance to natural-resource managers attempting to conserve populations of this species during drought. Methods We conducted repeat surveys for L. raniformis at 90 water bodies at the end of the ‘millennium drought’. We recorded the following six environmental variables for each water body: origin (natural or not), type (lotic or lentic), proportion of aquatic vegetation cover, conductivity of water, riparian tree-canopy cover and distance to the nearest woodland. We used occupancy models to relate the presence of L. raniformis to these variables, while accounting for uncertain detection. Key results Water-body type (natural or artificial, lentic or lotic) had minimal influence on the probability of occupancy by L. raniformis. We found a strong negative relationship between occupancy and conductivity of water (a surrogate for salinity), and a positive relationship between occupancy and the proportion of aquatic vegetation. We found a negative relationship between detection and the extent of aquatic vegetation, and a mildly negative effect of canopy cover on occupancy. Conclusions Habitat characteristics are more important indicators of the quality of drought refugia for L. raniformis than is the type of water body per se. Consequently, we identified aquatic vegetation and salinity as important targets for management when planning the retention, creation or restoration of habitat to facilitate persistence of L. raniformis during drought. Implications Our results highlighted aquatic vegetation and water-quality parameters that are likely to facilitate the persistence of L. raniformis during drought. Assessing the effectiveness of our recommendations in an experimental framework would ensure that conservation management of this frog can be refined over time.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1035-3712
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/WR13058
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2013
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Priorities for management of chytridiomycosis in Australia: saving frogs from extinction
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2016
    In:  Wildlife Research Vol. 43, No. 2 ( 2016), p. 105-
    Details
    In: Wildlife Research, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 43, No. 2 ( 2016), p. 105-
    Abstract: To protect Australian amphibian biodiversity, we have identified and prioritised frog species at an imminent risk of extinction from chytridiomycosis, and devised national management and research priorities for disease mitigation. Six Australian frogs have not been observed in the wild since the initial emergence of chytridiomycosis and may be extinct. Seven extant frog species were assessed as needing urgent conservation interventions because of (1) their small populations and/or ongoing declines throughout their ranges (southern corroboree frog (Pseudophryne corroboree, New South Wales), northern corroboree frog (Pseudophryne pengilleyi, Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales), Baw Baw frog (Philoria frosti, Victoria), Litoria spenceri (spotted tree frog, Victoria, New South Wales), Kroombit tinkerfrog (Taudactylus pleione, Queensland), armoured mist frog (Litoria lorica, Queensland)) or (2) predicted severe decline associated with the spread of chytridiomycosis in the case of Tasmanian tree frog (Litoria burrowsae, Tasmania). For these species, the risk of extinction is high, but can be mitigated. They require increased survey effort to define their distributional limits and to monitor and detect further population changes, as well as well-resourced management strategies that include captive assurance populations. A further 22 frog species were considered at a moderate to lower risk of extinction from chytridiomycosis. Management actions that identify and create or maintain habitat refugia from chytridiomycosis and target other threatening processes such as habitat loss and degradation may be effective in promoting their recovery. Our assessments for some of these species remain uncertain and further taxonomical clarification is needed to determine their conservation importance. Management actions are currently being developed and trialled to mitigate the threat posed by chytridiomycosis. However, proven solutions to facilitate population recovery in the wild are lacking; hence, we prioritise research topics to achieve this aim. Importantly, the effectiveness of novel management solutions will likely differ among species due to variation in disease ecology, highlighting the need for species-specific research. We call for an independent management and research fund of AU$15 million over 5 years to be allocated to recovery actions as determined by a National Chytridiomycosis Working Group of amphibian managers and scientists. Procrastination on this issue will likely result in additional extinction of Australia’s amphibians in the near future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1035-3712
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/WR15071
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2016
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Indirect terrestrial transmission of amphibian chytrid fungus from reservoir to susceptible host species leads to fatal chytridiomycosis
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Animal Conservation Vol. 24, No. 4 ( 2021-08), p. 602-612
    Details
    In: Animal Conservation, Wiley, Vol. 24, No. 4 ( 2021-08), p. 602-612
    Abstract: The amphibian chytrid fungal pathogen ( Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis , henceforth Bd ) has had a devastating impact on biodiversity, causing the decline or extinction of over 500 amphibian species. Yet, our understanding of Bd transmission pathways remains incomplete, in particular for host species with weak aquatic associations, and between reservoir and susceptible host species. We examined Bd transmission from a potential reservoir host to a potentially susceptible critically endangered host; directly assessing the capacity of the former to transmit Bd , and the susceptibility of the latter as a Bd host. Using cohousing versus sequential use of the same enclosure by the two species, we distinguished the effects of direct versus indirect (environmental) transmission. Our study provides clear evidence that both direct and indirect terrestrial transmission from a reservoir to susceptible host species results in fatal chytridiomycosis. Transmission mode had no effect on overall morbidity or disease progression in the susceptible species. Our results demonstrate that reservoir and susceptible hosts do not need to be in the same place at the same time, or within an aquatic environment for transmission to occur. Our demonstration of indirect terrestrial transmission from a reservoir to susceptible host identifies mechanisms by which Bd may drive ongoing declines in populations where the pathogen is now endemic. Identifying these transmission pathways is important for understanding long‐term extinction vulnerability of remnant populations of declining species challenged by disease.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1367-9430 , 1469-1795
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/acv.v24.4
    DOI: 10.1111/acv.12665
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481960-0
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