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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Establishment of an in vitro flow cytometric detection method for lipid-accumulated cells
    Scientific Research Archives ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2022-02-28), p. 061-067
    Details
    In: International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive, Scientific Research Archives, Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2022-02-28), p. 061-067
    Abstract: Eukaryotic cells can store and converse excess lipid to the cytosolic lipid droplets. Adipogenesis of preadipocytes has been often used to study the molecular basis and the effect of obesity drugs on fat cell conversion. Many methods were developed for the detection of the cytosolic lipid droplets as Nile red, BODIPY 493/503 (4, 4-difluoro-1, 3, 5, 7, 8-pentamethyl-4-bora-3a, 4adiaza-s-indacene), BODIPY 665/676, 1,6-diphenylhexatriene (DPH), DAPI, Hoechst, Sudan III, and Oil-red O. The differences in the spectral properties of these lipophilic dyes and their advantages of each are discussed. In this study, an in vitro flow cytometric detection method was established for the detection of lipid-accumulated cells. Commonly, the longer the period of adipogenic induction, the greater the quantity of lipid in fat cell can accumulate. Thus, to determine whether increasing the fat stored within a cell would result in the greater granularity. 3T3-L1 cells in culture were hormonally induced for adipogenesis. Then, these cells were dissociated and analyzed in a flow cytometer at 0, 5, and 10 days post-induction. After adipogenic induction, the cells had become increasingly heterogeneous in their cellular granularity. The cells containing greater granular structure were markedly increased, and this increase in granularity positively correlated with the time of the post-adipogenic induction. On the other analysis, the 0 and 10 days post adipogenic induction of 3T3-L1 cells were gated for 4 regions. The R1 region contains cells with a level of granularity similar to that seen in the control cells (non-adipogenic induction), whereas R2 to R4 regions contain cells with increasing granularity. According to all data, we have successfully established an in vitro flow cytometric detection method for the detection of lipid-accumulated cells. We wish this method will be applied on the research of obesity drugs and the design of therapeutic strategies for obesity in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0799-6632
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.53771/ijstra.2022.2.1
    DOI: 10.53771/ijstra
    DOI: 10.53771/ijstra.2022.2.1.0026
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Scientific Research Archives
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evaluation of the prevention of fat accumulation efficacy of sweet potato fermented products in vivo
    Zeal Scientific Publication ; 2022
    In:  World Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2022-04-30), p. 001-009
    Details
    In: World Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Research, Zeal Scientific Publication, Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2022-04-30), p. 001-009
    Abstract: Over-nutrition rather than under-nutrition is an important public health challenge in some developed countries. However, the under-nutrition is a major problem according to the global perspective. Therefore, the research and development (R & D) of agricultural functional materials or products for the prevention of fat accumulation is urgently needed. In this experiment, Sprague Dawley (SD) rats in the normal control group were fed with the normal composition for 8 weeks during the experiment. SD rats in the negative control group and three sweet potato fermented products (SPFP) groups were fed a high fat diet for 8 weeks during the experiment. According to the experimental design, three doses SPFP [250, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg body weight (BW)] will be administered after 4 weeks of feeding the high fat diet. During the experiment, BW o f the SD rats was recorded every week and blood, liver, and body fat were collected for analysis of body fat rate, blood lipid content, blood glucose content, liver lipid content, and liver and renal functions. Based on the results, the consumption of SPFP does not affect liver and kidney functions, indicating that SPFP is a safe and edible agricultural material. BW change of the normal control group was significantly lower than that of the negative control group and three SPFP groups (p 〈 0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference in the BW change rate among the groups eat the high fat feed (p 〉 0.05), but the trend of BW change rate in the low and middle doses of SPFP groups was lower than that in the other high fat feed groups. The food utilization rate of the high fat diet group was significantly higher than that of the normal diet group (p 〈 0.05). The body fat rate of the normal control group was significantly lower than that of the high fat feed groups (p 〈 0.05). There was no significant difference between the high fat feed groups (p 〉 0.05). However, the trend showed that the body fat rate of the low and middle doses of SPFP groups were lower than that of the negative control group and the high dose of SPFP group. In addition, the results of other measurement indicators such as blood lipid content, blood glucose content, and liver lipid content did not show any negative effects of SPFP. Based on the above results, although SPFP on the prevention of body fat accumulation was not significantly exhibited, however, the trend shows that the low and middle doses of SPFP can decrease body fat production. Taken these results together, SPFP may has the potential for the prevention of fat accumulation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2799-0338
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.53346/wjbpr.2022.2.2
    DOI: 10.53346/wjbpr
    DOI: 10.53346/wjbpr.2022.2.2.0025
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Zeal Scientific Publication
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Application of the novel environment-cleaned light-emitting diode devices in various test fields
    Zeal Scientific Publication ; 2022
    In:  World Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 1, No. 2 ( 2022-06-30), p. 020-032
    Details
    In: World Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, Zeal Scientific Publication, Vol. 1, No. 2 ( 2022-06-30), p. 020-032
    Abstract: Faced with the impact of extreme climate, countries have proposed carbon dioxide emission reductions, hoping to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, and Taiwan’s industries must also face the transformation of low-carbon green energy. Light-emitting diode (LED) is a cost effective semiconductor device that produces light within a narrow bandwidth of wavelength through electroluminescence. Recently, LED technology has attention to apply in the area of food production, preservation, and safety. At present, some researches have been demonstrated that the antimicrobial LED visible light is less anti-microbial efficacy than ultraviolet (UV) light. However, the antimicrobial LED visible light has been recognized as an alternative technology to UV light since it is an environmentally friendly and safe technology for human and animals. For this reason, LED technology has recently received attention for applying in many test fields as laboratory, pig farms, computer, bio-medical industries etc. In this study, this novel clean and disinfect tool-novel environment-cleaned LED devices were tested in the various fields and obtained the positive results as the application of novel environment-cleaned LED devices on anti-fungal efficacy, and ethylene, PM2.5, and harmful gas degradations in laboratory, anti-bacterial and virus efficacy in laboratory and/or pig farms, anti-microbial notebook panel development, and anti-colorectal cancer in vitro. In the future, we wish this novel environment-cleaned LED devices will friendly used in human and animal environments to decrease the harmful matters in the environments.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2945-3178
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.53346/wjast.2022.1.2
    DOI: 10.53346/wjast
    DOI: 10.53346/wjast.2022.1.2.0031
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Zeal Scientific Publication
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evaluation of experimental animal behaviors through establishment of an ovalbumin-induced experimental mouse model of allergic rhinitis
    Orion Scholar Journals Publication ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Biology and Pharmacy Research Updates Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2022-07-30), p. 006-013
    Details
    In: International Journal of Biology and Pharmacy Research Updates, Orion Scholar Journals Publication, Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2022-07-30), p. 006-013
    Abstract: Allergic rhinitis (AR) was also called hay fever which was a type of nasal inflammation when the immune system overreacts to environmental allergen exposures. AR’s clinical symptoms included a runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, red, itchy, watery eyes, and eye swelling. The fluid in the nasal cavity was usually clear. Patients with AR can affect sleep and work qualities. Seriously, the AR symptoms can also cause asthma, allergic conjunctivitis, or atopic dermatitis. Therefore, it is an important issue to attenuate AR symptoms and research the novel therapeutic drugs for AR patients. The purpose of this study was to introduce an easy-to-establish experimental mouse model of AR. In this study, the male BALB/c mice were divided respectively into as the Group A (n = 12) and the Group B (n = 12). Group A and Group B were designed as the normal control and RA, respectively. BALB/c mice in Group B were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin (OVA) on day 0, day 4, day 13, and day 20, followed by continuous nasal administration of OVA solution once per day between day 21-43. BALB/c mice in Group A received sensitization of intraperitoneal injection of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) on day 0, day 4, day 13, and day 20 and continuous nasal administration of PBS instead of OVA once per day between day 21-43. Before and after sensitization, the frequencies of nasal symptoms (sneezing, nasal rubbing) were recorded and counted. Results were showed that sneezing times in Group B were higher than Group A on D29, D30, D36, and D43 of the experiment. The sneezing times in Group A were significant higher on D29 and D30 of the experiment. However, the sneezing times in Group B were significant higher on D29, D30, D36, and D43 of the experiment. The rubbing times in Group B were higher than Group A on D29, D30, D36, and D43 of the experiment. The rubbing times in Group A were significant higher on D30 and D43 of the experiment. However, the rubbing times in Group B were significant higher on D29, D30, D36, and D43 of the experiment. Based on these results, a successful mouse model of AR has been established. We hope that this RA mouse model will provide a tool for the research of the novel AR therapeutic drugs and apply these novel AR therapeutic drugs to attenuate the AR symptoms in AR patients in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2815-231X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.53430/ijbpru.2022.2.1
    DOI: 10.53430/ijbpru
    DOI: 10.53430/ijbpru.2022.2.1.0030
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Orion Scholar Journals Publication
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Development of skin health test efficacy modules in vivo
    Orion Scholar Journals Publication ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Scientific Research Updates Vol. 3, No. 2 ( 2022-05-30), p. 027-036
    Details
    In: International Journal of Scientific Research Updates, Orion Scholar Journals Publication, Vol. 3, No. 2 ( 2022-05-30), p. 027-036
    Abstract: Sunlight contains ultraviolet (UV) light that causes sunburn and makes the skin age faster, leading to more wrinkles as older. The UV light can come from the natural and artificial sources. Moreover, UV light has shorter wavelengths than the visible light. Therefore, people’ eyes can’t see UV, but people’ skin can feel it. In this study, the in vivo skin health test efficacy modules have been established via the detection of skin’s moisture retention (%), skin’s cytokine expression levels, enzymatic expressions in the skin, the expression levels of hyaluronic acid (HA), collagen type I, melanin, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the skin, and the experimental mice’ skin thickness and lesions via histo-pathologic examination. According to the results, the clinical behavior observation indexes of Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice in each group were normal during the experiments. Moreover, all ICR mice were survival until the end of the experiments. The moisture retention (%) of skin in ICR mice in UVB group was significant decrease after D1, D3, and D5 of UVB irradiation compared to the normal control group. Based on the IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α analysis expressions, both IL-1β and IL-6 expressions in UVB group were significantly increase than the control group, while there was no significant difference in the TNF-α expression between the groups. ICR mice’ skin enzymatic expressions in each group presented that catalase (CAT) expression and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in UVB group were significantly lower than the control group. The MDA expression in UVB group were significantly higher than the control group. The HA and collagen type I expressions in UVB group were significantly lower than the control group. However, the melanin expressions in UVB group and the control groups were not significantly different. The matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) expressions in UVB group was significantly higher than the control group. The skin epidermal thickness in UVB group was significantly thicker than the control group. The dermal thickness in two groups was not significantly different. The number of sunburn cells in the derma in UVB group was significantly increase than the control group. The solar elastosis in the derma in two groups was not significantly different. Based on the above results, we have successfully established in vivo skin health test efficacy modules to evaluate the status of skin health. We hope the modules should be provide for the research and development (R & D) of the effective treatment included drugs and therapeutic strategies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2783-0160
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.53430/ijsru.2022.3.2
    DOI: 10.53430/ijsru
    DOI: 10.53430/ijsru.2022.3.2.0037
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Orion Scholar Journals Publication
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evaluation of genotoxicity of dry powders of pomelo (Citrus maxima) flowers by micronucleus assay
    SRR Publications ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Scholarly Research in Life Sciences Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2023-9-30), p. 014-021
    Details
    In: International Journal of Scholarly Research in Life Sciences, SRR Publications, Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2023-9-30), p. 014-021
    Abstract: Plants have been used as traditional medicine or health products for several thousands of years. The present study was aimed to evaluate the genotoxicity of pomelo flower powders by micronucleus assay In vivo. During the In vivo genotoxicity-evaluated experiment, the experimental animal’s clinical behavior, body weight (BW), food consumption, and the percentage of RET/RBCs (reticulocytes/red blood cells) and MN-RET/RETs (micronucleated reticulocytes/reticulocytes) after the treatments of pomelo (Citrus maxima) flower powders were evaluated. Both sexes ICR mice were treated three daily treatments by intraperitoneal injection of 2 mg/kg of mitomycin C (genotoxicity induction) or by oral route of 200 μL of PBS (the normal control group). Until 30th hours after the last treatment, K2-EDTA-anticoagulated peripheral blood specimens were collected. These blood samples were processed for the microscopy-based analysis using Giemsa stain and the percentage of reticulocytes and micronucleated reticulocytes was determined. The results were shown that the experimental animal’s clinical behaviors were normal in all groups. The BW and food consumption were no significant difference between all groups. RET/RBCs (%) in male or female ICR mice in the negative control group, the normal control group, the low dose of pomelo (C. maxima) flower powder group, the middle dose of pomelo (C. maxima) flower powder group, and the high dose of pomelo (C. maxima) flower powder group were respectively 8.8 ± 2.3 / 9.6 ± 2.6, 23.0 ± 2.5 / 22.4 ± 2.3, 23.4 ± 2.1 / 23.2 ± 3.8, 24.2 ± 3.6 / 23.0 ± 1.9, and 21.6 ± 3.2 / 21.6 ± 2.4; MN-RET/RETs (‰) in male or female ICR mice in the negative control group, the normal control group, the low dose of pomelo (C. maxima) flower powders group, the middle dose of pomelo (C. maxima) flower powder group, and the high dose of pomelo (C. maxima) flower powder group were 43.0 ± 12.5 / 39.4 ± 9.8, 2.6 ± 1.5 / 2.6 ± 1.5, 2.4 ± 1.1 / 2.2 ± 1.3, 2.2 ± 1.3 / 2.0 ± 1.2, and 1.8 ± 0.8 / 1.8 ± 0.8, respectively. Both RET/RBCs (%) and MN-RET/RETs (%) in male or female ICR mice in the negative control group were significantly difference than the other groups (p 〈 0.001). Taken all results together, pomelo (C. maxima) flower powders were without genotoxicity. Therefore, pomelo (C. maxima) flower powders were safety.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2961-3264
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.56781/ijsrls.2023.2.1
    DOI: 10.56781/ijsrls
    DOI: 10.56781/ijsrls.2023.2.1.0031
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: SRR Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of herbal tea (Platostoma palustre) on blood glucose regulation in vivo
    GSC Online Press ; 2023
    In:  GSC Advanced Research and Reviews Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2023-4-30), p. 007-014
    Details
    In: GSC Advanced Research and Reviews, GSC Online Press, Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2023-4-30), p. 007-014
    Abstract: Platostoma palustre jelly is a traditional food. Platostoma palustre has been used as folk medicine and is effective against heat-shock, hypertension and diabetes. Therefore, the aim of in vivo study was to determine the effects of herbal tea (Platostoma palustre) on blood glucose regulation. The commercial herbal tea (Platostoma palustre) was kindly provided by Yueta Agricultural Biotechnology Inc. Adult male 18 Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice [8 weeks old; body weight (BW) between 31-33 g] with specific pathogen-free conditions were used for this study. All ICR mice were divided respectively the normal control group (n = 6), the negative control group (n = 6), and the herbal tea group (n = 6). The ICR mice (the negative control group and the herbal tea group) were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (65 mg/kg BW) and nicotinamide (230 mg/kg BW) for inducing the symptoms of hyperglycemia. In the herbal tea group, the herbal tea (10 mL/kg BW) was administrated to ICR mice by gavage. To monitor the blood glucose levels in ICR mice, blood was obtained from the tail of ICR mice, and blood glucose levels were determined using the external glucometer. Blood glucose measurements were conducted once in ICR mice before the experiment and were detected once per month after the experiment. Additionally, the change of ICR mice’ BW, the blood glucose of ICR mice, and the observation of ICR mice’ behavior were monitored and detected during the experiment. The results of this experiment showed · Weight change: the weight gain of the negative control group and the herbal tea group were significantly lower than those of the normal control group and there was no significant difference between the negative control group and the herbal tea group. · Fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose: the fasting blood glucose of the negative control group was significantly higher than that of the normal control group, while the herbal tea group had a tendency to lower the fasting blood glucose, but there was no significant difference compared with the negative control group. The postprandial blood glucose level results showed that the negative control group was significantly higher than the normal control group. The postprandial blood glucose level of the herbal tea group was between the normal control group and the negative control group at the 4th week administration with the herbal tea. At the 8th week administration with the herbal tea, there was a significant difference compared with the negative control group. · Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT): 4 to 12 weeks after hyperglycemia was induced, the blood glucose levels of the negative control group at each OGTT test point were significantly higher than those of the normal control group. The blood glucose level at the test point tended to decrease, but there was no significant difference from the negative control group. By calculating the area under the OGTT curve, it was found that the area under the curve of the negative control group was significantly higher than that of the normal control group, while the results of the herbal tea group at the 8th and 12th weeks were significantly lower than those of the negative control group. Taken all results together, the hyperglycemia was successfully induced in the experimental ICR mice. After administrating with the herbal tea, the fasting blood glucose level of the ICR mice tended to improve. In addition, a significant improvement was seen in the results of postprandial blood sugar and oral glucose tolerance test effectiveness. Therefore, based on the results of this experiment, it is speculated that drinking the herbal tea for 3 months has considerable potential for blood glucose regulation, which can be used as the basis for the development of related products of the herbal tea in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2582-4597
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.30574/gscarr.2023.15.1
    DOI: 10.30574/gscarr
    DOI: 10.30574/gscarr.2023.15.1.0063
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: GSC Online Press
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evaluation of eye protection efficacy of sweet potato leaf ethanolic extracts In Vivo
    GSC Online Press ; 2022
    In:  Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2022-04-30), p. 012-020
    Details
    In: Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy, GSC Online Press, Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2022-04-30), p. 012-020
    Abstract: Many studies have been verified that human retina contains a large amount of carotenoids such as lutein and zeaxanthin, especially the concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin in the retina and macula are 1,000 times higher than other tissues in human. Therefore, lutein and zeaxanthin play an important role in the health of human vision. The research and development (R & D) of agricultural functional materials or products for eye protection is urgently needed. In this experiment, except for the normal control group, the other groups were irradiated with light-emitting diode (LED) light at the range of 600-1,000 lux for 12 hours / day for 6 weeks. All BALB/c mice were fed with the normal composition for 6 weeks during the experiment. BALB/c mice in the negative control group and three sweet potato leaf ethanolic extracts (SPLEE) groups were fed SPLEE [0.31, 0.62, and 1.23 mg/kg body weight (BW), respectively] for 6 weeks by gavage during the experiment. During the experiment, the eye status of BALB/c mice in each group were observed every week. At the end of the experiment, the BALB/c mice were sacrificed and their eyes in each group were collected for hematoxylin & eosin (H & E) staining, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, free radical detection, and the detection of cytokine gene expressions (IL-6; interleukin-6 and TNF-α; tumor necrosis factor-α) and caspase-3 gene expression. Based on the results of this experiment, no obvious lesions by ophthalmoscopy were observed in the eyes of BALB/c mice in three SPLEE groups. H & E and IHC staining results showed that the consumption of high dose (1.23 mg/kg BW) of SPLEE significantly improved retinal outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness, which was compared to the negative control group. Other evaluation indicators included retinal out segments-inner segments (OS/IS) thickness, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) staining, and middle-wavelength opsin (M-opsin) staining, showed no significant difference among three SPLEE groups and the negative control group. The free radical detection results showed that no statistical difference between all groups (p 〉 0.05), however, the trend showed that the free radicals in the high and middle doses (1.23 and 0.62 mg/kg BW) of SPLEE groups were lower than those in the negative control group and the low dose (0.31 mg/kg BW) of SPLEE group. The results of IL-6 and TNF-α gene expression showed that the normal control group and three SPLEE groups were significantly lower than the negative control group (p 〈 0.05), while the gene expression of caspase-3 was not significantly differences between all groups (p 〉 0.05). Taken these results together, the high dose SPLEE (1.23 mg/kg BW) has the better potential for improving the retinal ONL thickness and anti-inflammatory effects under LED irradiation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2582-8363
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.30574/msabp.2022.5.2
    DOI: 10.30574/msabp
    DOI: 10.30574/msabp.2022.5.2.0059
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: GSC Online Press
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 9
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    Supercritical Fluid CO2 Extracted-Chinese Yam (Dioscorea polystachya) Extracts on the Hypertension Regulation in Rats
    Annals of Clinical and Medical Case Reports ; 2021
    In:  United Journal of Agricultural Science and Research Vol. 01, No. 03 ( 2021)
    Details
    In: United Journal of Agricultural Science and Research, Annals of Clinical and Medical Case Reports, Vol. 01, No. 03 ( 2021)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.47829/UJASR.2021
    DOI: 10.47829/UJASR
    DOI: 10.47829/UJASR.2021.1303
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Annals of Clinical and Medical Case Reports
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 10
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    Dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britt.) powders attenuate ulcerative disease symptoms via dextran sulfate sodium-induced mouse model
    SRR Publications ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Scholarly Research in Life Sciences Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2023-9-30), p. 001-013
    Details
    In: International Journal of Scholarly Research in Life Sciences, SRR Publications, Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2023-9-30), p. 001-013
    Abstract: Dragon fruit is cactus based fruit that has loads of health benefits such as lowering risks of a blood sugar spike, aids in digestion etc. Its nutritional content is rich in vitamin C, vitamin E, magnesium, iron etc. Its functions on the physiological regulation are well known. Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are multifactorial chronic intestinal disorders. Currently, mesalamine etc. and therapeutic strategies were suggested for IBD therapy. However, the etiology of IBD remains unclear which is an ongoing challenge and side effects of therapeutic drugs must be also considered. Thus, the aim of this study was evaluated the efficacy and therapeutic strategies investigations on the attenuated IBD symptoms via administrating three doses of dragon fruit powders in the 2% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced IBD mouse model. The female C57BL/6 mice were divided respectively the normal control group (n = 10), the negative control group (n = 10), three dose groups (n = 10 per group) of dragon fruit powders (250 mg/kg BW, 500 mg/kg BW, and 1,000 mg/kg BW). Exception of the normal control group, other groups were administrated with 2% DSS for 5 days. Later, the normal drinking water was provide to C57BL/6 mice until the end of the experiment. At the end of the experiment, the body weight (BW), the stool appearance/status, the macroscopic and microscopic colonic injuries, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were monitored, measured and scored. The results were showed that BW of C57BL/6 mice in the negative control group, three dragon fruit powder groups was gradually reduced during the IBD period induced by 2% DSS, and BW of C57BL/6 mice gradually increased when the 2% DSS in drinking water was replaced with the normal drinking water. When the experiment was carried out to the 3rd to 4th week, BW of the negative control group was significantly lower than that of the normal control group. The stool appearance/status was presented that stool score in the negative control group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (p 〈 0.001). The stool score in the high-dose dragon fruit powder group was significantly lower than that in the negative control group (p 〈 0.001). The macroscopic colons of C57BL/6 mice were performed at the end of the experiment. (1) Gut weight: It can be seen that gut weight in the normal control group is lowest and the gut weight in the negative control group is highest between all groups. The gut weight in the negative control group was higher than that in the normal control group, medium-dose dragon fruit powder group, and high-dose dragon fruit powder group were seen. (2) Gut length: It can be seen that gut length in the normal control group is longest. The gut length in the normal control group is significantly longer than that in the other groups. Exception of the normal control group, other groups were not significant difference compared to each other. (3) Gut weight-to-gut length ratio: It can be seen that gut weight-to-gut length ratio in the normal control group is lowest and the gut weight-to-gut length ratio in the negative control group is highest between all groups. The gut weight-to-gut length ratio in the negative control group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (p 〈 0.01). The gut weight-to-gut length ratio in the high-dose dragon fruit powder group was significantly lower than that in the negative control group. The microscopic colons of C57BL/6 mice was performed at the end of the experiment. The pathological analysis items were divided into ulcer area ratio, mucosal ulcer depth, inflammatory cell infiltration, and submucosal edema. Total histopathologic scores in the 2% DSS-induced group was also significantly higher than that of the normal control group. Finally, the evaluating MPO activity was performed by using MPO activity assay kit. It can be seen that MPO activity was significant higher in the negative control group than that in the normal control group. MPO activity in the three dragon fruit powder groups were significant lower than that in the negative control group. Taken all results together, the consumption of medium-dose (500 mg/kg BW) and high-dose (1,000 mg/kg BW) dragon fruit powders has a positive improvement effect on relieving various symptoms caused by IBD via a successful 2% DSS-induced IBD mouse model.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2961-3264
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.56781/ijsrls.2023.2.1
    DOI: 10.56781/ijsrls
    DOI: 10.56781/ijsrls.2023.2.1.0030
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: SRR Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
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