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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dynamics of low energy electrons transmitting through straight glass capillary: Tilt angle dependence
    Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; 2022
    In:  Acta Physica Sinica Vol. 71, No. 8 ( 2022), p. 084104-
    Details
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 71, No. 8 ( 2022), p. 084104-
    Abstract: 〈sec〉It is a hot topic that using glass capillary to focus and shape the charged particle beam, for it is inexpensive and simple. There are the cases that single glass capillaries are used to make the microbeam of the positive ions. When it comes to electrons, their transmitting through insulating capillaries is complex and the attempt to use the glass capillary to produce electron beams in the size of micrometer needs further exploring.〈/sec〉〈sec〉In this paper, the charging-up process of the 900-eV electrons transmitting through a glass capillary with the grounded conductive-coated outer surface is reported. Two-dimensional angular distributions of the transmitted electrons and their time evolutions are measured for the cases of various tilt angles of glass tube. It is found that there are a considerable number of transmitted electrons at the tilt angle exceeding the geometrical opening angle (1°) of the glass tube. The intensity of transmitted electrons for large tilt angle (i.e. –1.15°) can be considered as first falling to zero, then keeping zero for a long time, finally rising to a certain stable value. Correspondingly, the angular distribution center experiences moving towards negative-positive-negative-settled. The energy losses are measured for various tilt angles. The larger the tilt angles, the larger the energy loss of transmitted electrons is. To better understand the physics behind the observed phenomena, the simulations of the energy loss for transmitted electrons at various tilt angles are performed by the Monte Carlo method. The comparation between the simulated energy losses and the measured energy losses shows that the experimental results are well explained by multiple deflections from the wall.〈/sec〉
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7498/aps.71.20212335
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transmission of low-energy Cl〈sup〉–〈/sup〉 ions through Al〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 insulating nanocapillaries
    Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; 2020
    In:  Acta Physica Sinica Vol. 69, No. 9 ( 2020), p. 094101-
    Details
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 69, No. 9 ( 2020), p. 094101-
    Abstract: 〈sec〉 The transmission of 10-keV Cl〈sup〉–〈/sup〉 ions through Al〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 insulating nanocapillaries is studied both by experiment and simulation. The double-peak structure in the transmitted angular distribution is found to be the same as our previous result. The peak around the direction of the primary beam is caused mainly by the directly transmitted Cl〈sup〉–〈/sup〉, and the other peak around the tilt angle of Al〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 nanocapillaries is mainly induced by Cl〈sup〉+〈/sup〉 and Cl〈sup〉0〈/sup〉. The intensity of transmitted Cl〈sup〉–〈/sup〉 decreases with the tilt angle increasing, which is in accord with the geometrically allowed transmission. Beyond the geometrically allowed angle, the transmitted projectiles are mainly Cl〈sup〉+〈/sup〉 ions and Cl〈sup〉0〈/sup〉 atoms. The ratio of transmitted Cl〈sup〉+〈/sup〉 ion to Cl〈sup〉0〈/sup〉 atom drops as tilt angle increases, and it turns more obvious when the tilt angle is larger than the limit of the geometrical transmission.〈/sec〉〈sec〉 A detailed physics process was developed within Geometry and Tracking 4 (Geant4) to perform the trajectory simulation, in which the forces from the deposited charges and the image charges, the scattering from the surfaces as well as the charge exchange are taken into consideration. The transmissions at the tilt angle of 1.6〈sup〉o〈/sup〉 are simulated for the cases without and with deposited charges of –100 e/capillary. For the deposition charge quantity of –100 e/capillary, the majority of the transmitted projectiles are mainly the directly transmitted Cl〈sup〉–〈/sup〉 ions exiting to the direction of tilt angle, and the transmitted Cl〈sup〉0〈/sup〉 and Cl〈sup〉+ 〈/sup〉account for a very small portion. While for the case with no deposited charges, the simulation results agree well with the experimental results. The dependence of the scattering process on the tilt angle, which results in the different features in the transmitted projectiles, is studied in detail by the simulation. It is found that the transmitted Cl〈sup〉0〈/sup〉 atoms exit through single to multiple scattering, and most of transmitted Cl〈sup〉0〈/sup〉 atoms exit through single and double scattering, and are centered along the axis of nanocapillaries, while Cl〈sup〉+〈/sup〉 ions mainly exit by single scattering, which results in the fact that the intensity of the transmitted Cl〈sup〉0〈/sup〉 atoms drops slower than that of the transmitted Cl〈sup〉+〈/sup〉 ions with the increase of the tilt angle, leading the ratio of the transmitted Cl〈sup〉+〈/sup〉 to Cl〈sup〉0〈/sup〉 to decrease as the tilt angle increases in experiment. 〈/sec〉 〈sec〉 Our results describe the physical mechanism of low-energy ions through insulating nanocapillaries in detail, i.e. how the scattering process dominates the final transmission. It is found that the transmission of the negative ions in the energy range above 10 keV is caused by the scattering and the charge exchange process.〈/sec〉
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7498/aps
    DOI: 10.7498/aps.69.20190933
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stable transmission of low energy electrons in glass tube with outer surface grounded conductively shielding
    Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; 2022
    In:  Acta Physica Sinica Vol. 71, No. 7 ( 2022), p. 074101-
    Details
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 71, No. 7 ( 2022), p. 074101-
    Abstract: 〈sec〉The electron microbeam is useful for modifying certain fragments of biomolecule. It is successful to apply the guiding effect to making the microbeam of positively charged particles by using single glass capillary. However, the mechanism for the electron transport through insulating capillaries is unclear. Meanwhile, previous researches show that there are oscillations of the transmission intensity of electrons with time in the glass capillaries with outer serface having no grounded conductive shielding, So, the application of glass capillary to making the microbeam of electrons is limited.〈/sec〉〈sec〉In this paper, the transmission of 1.5 and 0.9 keV electrons through the glass capillary without/with the grounded conductive-coated outer surface are investigated, respectively. This study aims to understand the mechanism for low energy electron transport in the glass capillaries, and find the conditions for the steady transport of the electrons. Two-dimensional angular distribution of the transported electrons and its time evolution are measured. It is found that the intensity of the transported electrons with the incident energy through the glass capillaries for the glass capillaries without and with the grounded conductive-coated outer surface show the typical geometrical transmission characteristics. The time evolution of the 1.5- keV electron transport presents an extremely complex variation for the glass capillary without the grounded conductive-coated outer surface. The intensity first falls, then rises and finally oscillates around a certain mean value. Correspondingly, the angular distribution center experiences moving towards positive-negative-settlement. In comparison, the charge-up process of the 0.9 keV electron transport through the glass capillary with the grounded conductive-coated outer surface shows a relatively simple behavior. At first, the intensity declines rapidly with time. Then, it slowly rises till a certain value and stays steady subsequently. The angular distribution of transported electrons follows the intensity distribution in general, but with some delay. It quickly moves to negative direction then comes back to positive direction. Finally, it regresses extremely slowly and ends up around the tilt angle. To better understand the physics behind the observed phenomena, the simulation for the interaction of the electrons with SiO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 material is performed to obtain the possible deposited charge distribution by the CASINO code. Based on the analysis of the experimental results and the simulated charge deposition, the conditions for stabilizing the electron transport through glass capillary arepresented.〈/sec〉
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7498/aps.71.20212036
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Association of Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome with hearing loss: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Neurology Vol. 13 ( 2022-10-19)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Neurology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-10-19)
    Abstract: This study seeks to investigate the relationship between Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) and hearing impairment by meta-analysis. Methods Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and other databases are searched from their establishment to July 1st, 2022. Literature on the relationship between OSAHS and hearing loss is collected, and two researchers independently perform screening, data extraction and quality evaluation on the included literature. Meta-analysis is performed using RevMan 5.4.1 software. According to the heterogeneity between studies, a random-effects model or fixed-effects model is used for meta-analysis. Results A total of 10 articles are included, with 7,867 subjects, 1,832 in the OSAHS group and 6,035 in the control group. The meta-analysis shows that the incidence of hearing impairment in the OSAHS group is higher than in the control group (OR = 1.38; 95% CI 1.18–1.62, Z = 4.09, P & lt; 0.001), and the average hearing threshold of OSAHS patients is higher than that of the control group (MD = 5.89; 95% CI 1.87–9.91, Z = 2.87, P = 0.004). After stratifying the included studies according to hearing frequency, the meta-analysis shows that the OSAHS group has a higher threshold of 0.25, and the response amplitudes at frequencies 2, 4, 6, and 8 kHz are all higher than those of the control group. Conclusion Compared with the control group, the OSAHS group has a higher incidence of hearing loss, mainly high-frequency hearing loss. Thus, OSAHS is closely associated with and a risk factor for hearing loss.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-2295
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1017982
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2564214-5
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  • 5
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    Table_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Oncology Vol. 13 ( 2023-6-30)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Oncology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2023-6-30)
    Abstract: This study seeks to systematically evaluate and test the effects of yoga exercise intervention programs on sleep quality in breast cancer patients in order to suggest more optimized exercise programs. Method Computer searches of the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and CINAHL databases are conducted from the date of their inception to June 8 th , 2022 to collect randomized controlled trials on the effects of yoga exercise intervention on sleep quality in breast cancer patients. Two investigators independently carry out the inclusion and exclusion criteria literature screening, data extraction and methodological quality assessment of the included literature by applying the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Subgroup analysis is performed using RevMan 5.4.1 software, and the six moderating variables of intervention format, intervention type, weekly intervention frequency, total intervention duration, single intervention duration and intervention evaluation at different time points are set for the 782 subjects of the 12 included publications. Results Twelve randomized controlled trials with a total sample size of 782 subjects are included, including 393 subjects in the experimental group and 389 subjects in the control group. The meta-analysis shows that yoga exercise intervention is effective in improving sleep quality in breast cancer patients [SMD = -0.40, 95% CI: (-0.71, -0.09), P = 0.01]; yoga exercise intervention focusing on positive meditation [SMD = -0.55, 95% CI: (-1.08, -0.03), P = 0.04] is effective in improving sleep; yoga exercise intervention two or three times a week is effective in improving sleep quality [SMD = -0.69, 95% CI: (-1.19, -0.19), P = 0.007]; yoga exercise intervention for 6–8 weeks significantly improves sleep quality [SMD = -0.86, 95% CI: (-1.65, -0.08), P =0.03] ; and evaluation immediately after the end of intervention improves sleep outcomes [SMD = -0.17, 95% CI: (-0.33, 0.00), P = 0.05], while differences in sleep quality improvement are not statistically significant for the remaining subgroup outcomes (P & gt; 0.05). Conclusion The available evidence suggests that yoga exercise intervention has good effects on improving sleep quality in breast cancer patients. Positive meditation intervention type, intervention frequency of two or three times per week, total intervention duration of 6–8 weeks and evaluation immediately after the end of intervention are shown to be effective in improving sleep quality.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2234-943X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1146433
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1146433.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1146433.s002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2649216-7
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  • 6
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    Plasma tumour and metabolism related biomarkers differentiate PAH from HFpEF-PH may improve long-term prognosis
    Elsevier BV ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Cardiology Vol. 347 ( 2022-01), p. 64-65
    Details
    In: International Journal of Cardiology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 347 ( 2022-01), p. 64-65
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0167-5273
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.11.024
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1500478-8
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  • 7
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    Effects of psychological intervention on empathy fatigue in nurses: A meta-analysis
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Public Health Vol. 10 ( 2022-10-14)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Public Health, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2022-10-14)
    Abstract: The purpose of this meta-analysis is to systematically assess the effects of psychological intervention on empathy fatigue among nursing staff. Method Five electronic databases are searched separately from their establishment to April 8th, 2022. The research team independently performs paper selection, quality assessment, data extraction and analysis for all included studies. PRISMA guidelines are used to report this meta-analysis. Results A total of seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) covering 513 nursing staff are included. The meta-analysis results show that the empathy fatigue score (SMD = −0.22, 95% CI: −0.42~−0.02, P = 0.03) and burnout (SMD = −0.37, 95% CI: −0.56~−0.19, P & lt; 0.001) are lower than the control group. The empathy satisfaction score of the psychological intervention group is higher than that of the control group (SMD = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.27–0.63, P & lt; 0.001). The differences are statistically significant ( P & lt; 0.05). Subgroup analysis finds significant heterogeneity in the impact of different departments on psychological intervention at ≥6 weeks ( I 2 = 71%, P = 0.01) and & lt;6 weeks ( I 2 = 0%, P = 0.75) ( P = 0.05). Different departments also show significant heterogeneity in the effects of psychological intervention: ICU ( I 2 = 73%, P = 0.02), pediatric ( I 2 = 53%, P = 0.14) and other departments ( I 2 = 0%, P = 0.63). The differences are statistically significant ( P = 0.0007). Besides, the results show that both mindfulness intervention (SMD = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.24–0.77, P = 0.0002) and other interventions (SMD = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.16–0.65, P = 0.001) are statistically significant difference in the level of empathy satisfaction between the psychological intervention group and the control group. Conclusion Psychological intervention has a coordinated improvement effect on empathy fatigue, empathy satisfaction and burnout, and can also improve the quality of life of nursing staff.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-2565
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.952932
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2711781-9
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  • 8
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    Mild Intermittent Hypoxia: A New Treatment Approach for Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Hypertension
    American Thoracic Society ; 2022
    In:  American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Vol. 206, No. 1 ( 2022-07-01), p. 122-123
    Details
    In: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, American Thoracic Society, Vol. 206, No. 1 ( 2022-07-01), p. 122-123
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1073-449X , 1535-4970
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202201-0134LE
    RVK:
    XA 21200
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Thoracic Society
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1468352-0
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  • 9
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    Meta-Analysis of Relationship of Sleep Quality and Duration With Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Endocrinology Vol. 13 ( 2022-6-22)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Endocrinology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-6-22)
    Abstract: A meta-analysis is used to explore the relationship of sleep quality and duration with the risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Method Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and other databases are searched from their establishment to April 2022. Literature on the relationship of sleep quality and duration with DR risk published in various databases is collected, and two researchers independently screen the literature, extract data, and evaluate the quality of the included articles. The meta-analysis is performed with Review Manage 5.4.1 software. Results A total of 7 articles are selected, including 4,626 subjects. The results show a strong correlation between sleep quality and DR risk. When comparing the sleep quality scores of “DR” (experimental group) and “NO DR” (control group), the Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI) score of the DR group is significantly higher than that of the NO DR group (MD = 2.85; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.92, 3.78, P & lt;0.001), while the ESS score of the DR group is also significantly higher than that of the NO DR group (MD = 1.17; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.14 to 2.30, P=0.04), so the sleep quality score of the DR group is higher than that of the NO DR group in both the PSQI and ESS scores, which confirms that low sleep quality is a risk factor for DR. Long sleep duration is also associated with the risk of developing DR; the number of adverse events (DR prevalence) is higher for “long sleep duration” than “normal sleep duration” [OR = 1.83, 95%CI 1.36–2.47, P & lt; 0.001], suggesting that long sleep duration can cause increased DR risk. Short sleep duration is also associated with the occurrence of DR [OR = 1.49, 95%CI 1.15–1.94), P = 0.003] and can increase DR risk. Conclusion Sleep quality and duration (including long and short sleep duration) are significantly associated with DR. To reduce DR risk, sleep intervention should be actively carried out, lifestyle changes should be made, and attention should be paid to the role of DR management.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-2392
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.922886
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2592084-4
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  • 10
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    Table2.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Physiology Vol. 13 ( 2022-9-29)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Physiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-9-29)
    Abstract: Objective: A meta-analysis is used to explore the relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and the risk of Sleep disturbances. Method: Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases are searched by computer from their establishment to 1 May 2022. Review Manager 5.4 software is used for the meta-analysis. Results: A total of nine articles are included, with 1,107 subjects. The results show that PCOS is positively associated with the risk of Sleep disturbances. Comparing with the “PCOS group” (experimental group) with the “NON-PCOS group” (control group), the incidence of Sleep disturbances is higher (OR = 11.24, 95% CI: 2.00–63.10, Z = 2.75, p = 0.006); the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores of the PCOS group is higher than that of the NON-PCOS group (MD = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.32–1.25, Z = 3.30, p = 0.001); the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) scores of the PCOS group is higher than that of the NON-PCOS group (MD = 2.49, 95% CI: 0.80–4.18, Z = 2.88, p = 0.004); Apnea hypopnea index (AHIs) in the PCOS group are higher than those in the NON-PCOS group (MD = 2.68, 95% CI: 1.07–4.28, Z = 3.27, p = 0.001); the sleep efficiency of the PCOS group is lower than that of the NON-PCOS group (MD = -5.16, 95% CI: 9.39–-0.93, Z = 2.39, p = 0.02); the sleep onset latency of the PCOS group is higher than that of the NON-PCOS group (MD = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.40–3.50, Z = 4.57, p & lt; 0.001); and the Rapid Eyes Movement (REM) sleep in the PCOS group is higher than that in the NON-PCOS group (MD = 17.19, 95% CI: 11.62–55.76, Z = 6.05, p & lt; 0.001). The studies included in each analysis have publication biases of different sizes. After subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis, the heterogeneity of each study in the meta-analysis is reduced, the bias is reduced accordingly, and the stability of the results can be maintained. Conclusion: PCOS is positively associated with the risk of Sleep disturbances. In order to reduce such risk, attention should be paid to the role of PCOS management, and PCOS prevention and treatment should be actively carried out.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-042X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.957112
    DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.957112.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.957112.s002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2564217-0
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