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  • 1
    In: Pharmaceuticals, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 10 ( 2023-10-09), p. 1428-
    Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that replicates inside human alveolar macrophages. This disease causes significant morbidity and mortality throughout the world. According to the World Health Organization 1.4 million people died of this disease in 2021. This indicates that despite the progress of modern medicine, improvements in diagnostics, and the development of drug susceptibility tests, TB remains a global threat to public health. In this sense, host-directed therapy may provide a new approach to the cure of TB, and the expression of miRNAs has been correlated with a change in the concentration of various inflammatory mediators whose concentrations are responsible for the pathophysiology of M. tuberculosis infection. Thus, the administration of miRNAs may help to modulate the immune response of organisms. However, direct administration of miRNAs, without adequate encapsulation, exposes nucleic acids to the activity of cytosolic nucleases, limiting their application. Dendrimers are a family of highly branched molecules with a well-defined architecture and a branched conformation which gives rise to cavities that facilitate physical immobilization, and functional groups that allow chemical interaction with molecules of interest. Additionally, dendrimers can be easily functionalized to target different cells, macrophages among them. In this sense, various studies have proposed the use of different cell receptors as target molecules to aim dendrimers at macrophages and thus release drugs or nucleic acids in the cell of interest. Based on the considerations, the primary objective of this review is to comprehensively explore the potential of functionalized dendrimers as delivery vectors for miRNAs and other therapeutic agents into macrophages. This work aims to provide insights into the use of functionalized dendrimers as an innovative approach for TB treatment, focusing on their ability to target and deliver therapeutic cargo to macrophages.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8247
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2193542-7
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 2
    In: Nanomaterials, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2019-03-11), p. 414-
    Abstract: The understanding of the mean free path (MFP) distribution of the energy carriers in materials (e.g., electrons, phonons, magnons, etc.) provides a key physical insight into their transport properties. In this context, MFP spectroscopy has become an important tool to describe the contribution of carriers with different MFP to the total transport phenomenon. In this work, we revise the MFP reconstruction technique and present a study on the impact of the regularization parameter on the MFP distribution of the energy carriers. By using the L-curve criterion, we calculate the optimal mathematical value of the regularization parameter. The effect of the change from the optimal value in the MFP distribution is analyzed in three case studies of heat transport by phonons. These results demonstrate that the choice of the regularization parameter has a large impact on the physical information obtained from the reconstructed accumulation function, and thus cannot be chosen arbitrarily. The approach can be applied to various transport phenomena at the nanoscale involving carriers of different physical nature and behavior.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-4991
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662255-5
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  • 3
    In: Advanced Functional Materials, Wiley, Vol. 32, No. 4 ( 2022-01)
    Abstract: Controlling thermal energy transfer at the nanoscale and thermal properties has become critically important in many applications since it often limits device performance. In this study, the effects on thermal conductivity arising from the nanoscale structure of free‐standing nanocrystalline silicon films and the increasing surface‐to‐volume ratio when fabricated into suspended optomechanical nanobeams are studied. Thermal transport and elucidate the relative impact of different grain size distributions and geometrical dimensions on thermal conductivity are characterized. A micro time‐domain thermoreflectance method to study free‐standing nanocrystalline silicon films and find a drastic reduction in the thermal conductivity, down to values below 10 W m –1 K –1 is used, with a stronger decrease for smaller grains. In optomechanical nanostructures, this effect is smaller than in membranes due to the competition of surface scattering in decreasing thermal conductivity. Finally, a novel versatile contactless characterization technique that can be adapted to any structure supporting a thermally shifted optical resonance is introduced. The thermal conductivity data agrees quantitatively with the thermoreflectance measurements. This study opens the way to a more generalized thermal characterization of optomechanical cavities and to create hot‐spots with engineered shapes at the desired position in the structures as a means to study thermal transport in coupled photon‐phonon structures.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1616-301X , 1616-3028
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029061-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2039420-2
    SSG: 11
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  • 4
    In: Advanced Functional Materials, Wiley, Vol. 30, No. 8 ( 2020-02)
    Abstract: The central concept in phononics is the tuning of the phonon dispersion relation, or phonon engineering, which provides a means of controlling related properties such as group velocity or phonon interactions and, therefore, phonon propagation, in a wide range of frequencies depending on the geometries and sizes of the materials. Phononics exploits the present state of the art in nanofabrication to tailor dispersion relations in the range of GHz for the control of elastic waves/phonons propagation with applications toward new information technology concepts with phonons as state variable. Moreover, phonons provide an adaptable approach for supporting a coherent coupling between different state variables, and the development of nanoscale optomechanical systems during the last decade attests this prospect. The most extended approach to manipulate the phonon dispersion relation is introducing an artificial periodic modulation of the elastic properties, which is referred to as phononic crystal (PnC). Herein, the focus is on the recent experimental achievements in the fabrication and application of 2D PnCs enabling the modification of the dispersion relation of surface and membrane modes, and presenting phononic bandgaps, waveguiding, and confinement in the hypersonic regime. Furthermore, these artificial materials offer the potential of modifying and controlling the heat flow to enable new schemes in thermal management.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1616-301X , 1616-3028
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029061-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2039420-2
    SSG: 11
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  • 5
    In: ECS Transactions, The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 69, No. 9 ( 2015-09-14), p. 53-64
    Abstract: The effective thermal conductivity of nanocrystalline films of AlN with inhomogeneous microstructure is investigated experimentally and theoretically. This is done by measuring the thermal conductivity of the samples with the 3-omega method and characterizing their microstructure by means of electron microscopy. The relative effect of the microstructure and the interface thermal resistance on the thermal conductivity is quantified through an analytical model. Thermal measurements showed that when the thickness of an AlN film is reduced from 1460 to 270 nm, its effective thermal conductivity decreases from 8.21 to 3.12 WŸm −1 ŸK −1 , which is two orders of magnitude smaller than its bulk counterpart value. It is shown that the size effects of the phonon mean free paths and the intrinsic thermal resistance resulting from the inhomogeneous microstructure predominate for thicker films, while the contribution of the interface thermal resistance strengthens as the film thickness is scaled down. The obtained results demonstrate that the structural inhomogeneity in polycrystalline AlN films can be efficiently used to tune their cross- plane thermal conductivity. In addition, thermal conductivity measurements of epitaxially grown InP layers on silicon using Raman spectroscopy are reported.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1938-5862 , 1938-6737
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
    Publication Date: 2015
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  • 6
    In: physica status solidi (a), Wiley, Vol. 213, No. 3 ( 2016-03), p. 732-738
    Abstract: The efficiency of thermoelectric materials is directly related to the dimensionless figure of merit , therefore, one of the means to improve ZT is to reduce the thermal conductivity. Our research focuses on half‐Heusler superlattices (SLs) and the relationship between the SL period and the thermal conductivity. The cross‐plane thermal conductivity of DC‐sputtered TiNiSn/HfNiSn SLs was measured by the 3 method at room temperature and a clear reduction of was achieved for all SL periods, in particular for periods smaller than 20 nm. Moreover, the thermal conductivities of TiNiSn and HfNiSn single films display reduced values compared to the literature data for bulk materials. Furthermore, we also found that the quality of interfaces has an influence on , namely, SLs with rougher interfaces exhibit an about 20% lower thermal conductivity compared to samples with sharp interfaces.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1862-6300 , 1862-6319
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481091-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 208850-2
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  • 7
    In: APL Materials, AIP Publishing, Vol. 4, No. 10 ( 2016-10-01)
    Abstract: Thermoelectric modules based on half-Heusler compounds offer a cheap and clean way to create eco-friendly electrical energy from waste heat. Here we study the impact of the period composition on the electrical and thermal properties in non-symmetric superlattices, where the ratio of components varies according to (TiNiSn)n:(HfNiSn)6−n, and 0 ⩽ n ⩽ 6 unit cells. The thermal conductivity (κ) showed a strong dependence on the material content achieving a minimum value for n = 3, whereas the highest value of the figure of merit ZT was achieved for n = 4. The measured κ can be well modeled using non-symmetric strain relaxation applied to the model of the series of thermal resistances.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2166-532X
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2722985-3
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Chemical Society (ACS) ; 2021
    In:  ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Vol. 13, No. 19 ( 2021-05-19), p. 23201-23209
    In: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, American Chemical Society (ACS), Vol. 13, No. 19 ( 2021-05-19), p. 23201-23209
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1944-8244 , 1944-8252
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2467494-1
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 22, No. 7 ( 2021-03-30), p. 3602-
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 7 ( 2021-03-30), p. 3602-
    Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder whose prevalence has an incidence in senior citizens. Unfortunately, current pharmacotherapy only offers symptom relief for patients with side effects such as bradycardia, nausea, and vomiting. Therefore, there is a present need to provide other therapeutic alternatives for treatments for these disorders. The 5-HT4 receptor is an attractive therapeutic target since it has a potential role in central and peripheral nervous system disorders such as AD, irritable bowel syndrome, and gastroparesis. Quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis of a series of 62 active compounds in the 5-HT4 receptor was carried out in the present work. The structure-activity relationship was estimated using three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) techniques based on these structures’ field molecular (force and Gaussian field). The best force-field QSAR models achieve a value for the coefficient of determination of the training set of R2training = 0.821, and for the test set R2test = 0.667, while for Gaussian-field QSAR the training and the test were R2training = 0.898 and R2test = 0.695, respectively. The obtained results were validated using a coefficient of correlation of the leave-one-out cross-validation of Q2LOO = 0.804 and Q2LOO = 0.886 for force- and Gaussian-field QSAR, respectively. Based on these results, novel 5-HT4 partial agonists with potential biological activity (pEC50 8.209–9.417 for force-field QSAR and 9.111–9.856 for Gaussian-field QSAR) were designed. In addition, for the new analogues, their absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity properties were also analyzed. The results show that these new derivatives also have reasonable pharmacokinetics and drug-like properties. Our findings suggest novel routes for the design and development of new 5-HT4 partial agonists.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elsevier BV ; 2018
    In:  Applied Thermal Engineering Vol. 130 ( 2018-02), p. 1175-1181
    In: Applied Thermal Engineering, Elsevier BV, Vol. 130 ( 2018-02), p. 1175-1181
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1359-4311
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019322-1
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