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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Supplementary material 1 from: Adriaens T, Verschelde P, Cartuyvels E, D'hondt B, Vercruysse E, van Gompel W, Dewulf E, Provoost S (2019) A preliminary field trial to compare control techniques for invasive Berberis aquifolium in Belgian coastal dunes. NeoBiota 53: 41-60. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.53.38183
    Pensoft Publishers ; 2019
    In:  NeoBiota Vol. 53 ( 2019-12-11), p. 41-60
    Details
    In: NeoBiota, Pensoft Publishers, Vol. 53 ( 2019-12-11), p. 41-60
    Abstract: Non-native Berberis aquifolium is an invasive species in Belgian coastal dunes. With its strong clonal growth through suckers, this evergreen shrub outcompetes native species and affects dune succession. To prevent further secondary spread and mitigate its impact, there was an urgent need for knowledge on the effectiveness of control measures, both at the plant and habitat level. Here, we report on a first control experiment. Individual B. aquifolium clones were subjected to one of four treatments (manual uprooting, foliar herbicide application, stem cutting followed by herbicide or salt application), with regrowth being measured up to one year after treatment. We analyzed the relationship between kill rate, treatment, dune area, plant volume and number of plant stems using a generalized linear model. Berberis aquifolium plants proved most susceptible to foliar herbicide application (5% glyphosate solution), resulting in 88% (64%–97%) of the clones dying after treatment. The predicted kill rate decreased with an increasing number of stems under all treatments. We discuss the limitations of our experiment and the potential for actual field application of the different treatments. We present some guidelines for future control that may become further refined as experience builds up and we provide some recommendations for tackling invasive alien species in Atlantic dune ecosystems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1314-2488 , 1619-0033
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.53.38183
    DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.53.38183.suppl1
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2628537-X
    SSG: 21
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Assessing animal welfare impact of fourteen control and dispatch methods for house mouse ( Mus musculus ), Norway rat ( Rattus norvegicus ) and black rat ( Rattus rattus )
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2023
    In:  Animal Welfare Vol. 32 ( 2023)
    Details
    In: Animal Welfare, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 32 ( 2023)
    Abstract: Population control of the house mouse ( Mus musculus ), Norway rat ( Rattus norvegicus ) and black rat ( Rattus rattus ) is common practice worldwide. Our objective was to assess the impact on animal welfare of lethal and non-lethal control methods, including three dispatch methods. We used the Sharp and Saunders welfare assessment model with eight experts scoring eleven control methods and three dispatch methods used on the three species. We presumed the methods were performed as prescribed, only taking into account the effect on the target animal (and not, for example, on non-target catches). We did not assess population control efficacy of the methods. Methods considered to induce the least suffering to the target animal were captive-bolt traps, electrocution traps and cervical dislocation, while those with the greatest impact were anticoagulants, cholecalciferol and deprivation. Experts indicated considerable uncertainty regarding their evaluation of certain methods, which emphasises the need for further scientific research. In particular, the impact of hydrogen cyanide, chloralose and aluminium phosphide on animal welfare ought to be investigated. The experts also stressed the need to improve Standard Operating Procedures and to incorporate animal welfare assessments in Integrated Pest Management (IPM). The results of our study can help laypeople, professionals, regulatory agencies and legislators making well-informed decisions as to which methods to use when controlling commensal rodents.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0962-7286 , 2054-1538
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/awf.2022.2
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2218182-9
    SSG: 22
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hospital antibiotic prescribing patterns in adult patients according to the WHO Access, Watch and Reserve classification (AWaRe): results from a worldwide point prevalence survey in 69 countries
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Vol. 76, No. 6 ( 2021-05-12), p. 1614-1624
    Details
    In: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 76, No. 6 ( 2021-05-12), p. 1614-1624
    Abstract: The WHO Access, Watch and Reserve (AWaRe) classification has been developed to support countries and hospitals in promoting rational use of antibiotics while improving access to these essential medicines. We aimed to describe patterns of worldwide antibiotic use according to the AWaRe classification in the adult inpatient population. Methods The Global Point Prevalence Survey on Antimicrobial Consumption and Resistance (Global-PPS) collects hospital antibiotic use data using a standardized PPS methodology. Global-PPS 2015, 2017 and 2018 data, collected by 664 hospitals in 69 countries, were categorized into AWaRe groups to calculate proportional AWaRe use, Access-to-Watch ratios and the most common indications for treatment with selected Watch antibiotics. Only prescriptions for systemic antibiotics on adult inpatient wards were analysed. Results Regional Access use ranged from 28.4% in West and Central Asia to 57.7% in Oceania, whereas Watch use was lowest in Oceania (41.3%) and highest in West and Central Asia (66.1%). Reserve use ranged from 0.03% in sub-Saharan Africa to 4.7% in Latin America. There were large differences in AWaRe prescribing at country level. Watch antibiotics were prescribed for a range of very different indications worldwide, both for therapeutic and prophylactic use. Conclusions We observed considerable variations in AWaRe prescribing and high use of Watch antibiotics, particularly in lower- and upper-middle-income countries, followed by high-income countries. The WHO AWaRe classification has an instrumental role to play in local and national stewardship activities to assess prescribing patterns and to inform and evaluate stewardship activities.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0305-7453 , 1460-2091
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkab050
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1467478-6
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prevalence of Fox Tapeworm in Invasive Muskrats in Flanders (North Belgium)
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Animals Vol. 12, No. 7 ( 2022-03-30), p. 879-
    Details
    In: Animals, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 7 ( 2022-03-30), p. 879-
    Abstract: One way in which invasive alien species affect their environment is by acting as pathogen hosts. Pathogens limited by the availability of the native host species can profit from the presence of additional hosts. The muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) is known to act as an intermediate host for the fox tapeworm (Echinococcus multilocularis). From 2009 to 2017, 15,402 muskrats caught in Flanders and across the border with Wallonia and France were collected and dissected with the aim of understanding the prevalence of this parasite in muskrats. Visual examination of the livers revealed 202 infected animals (1.31%). Out of the 9421 animals caught in Flanders, we found 82 individuals (0.87%) infected with E. multilocularis. No increase in prevalence was observed during this study. All of the infected animals in Flanders were found in municipalities along the Walloon border. We did not observe a northward spread of E. multilocularis infection from Wallonia to Flanders. We hypothesise that the low prevalence is the result of the reduced availability of intermediate hosts and the successful control programme which is keeping muskrat densities in the centre of the region at low levels and is preventing influx from other areas. Our results illustrate that muskrats are good sentinels for E. multilocularis and regular screening can gain valuable insight into the spread of this zoonosis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-2615
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ani12070879
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606558-7
    SSG: 23
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