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  • 1
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    Meloidogyne luci n. sp. (Nematoda: Meloidogynidae), a root-knot nematode parasitising different crops in Brazil, Chile and Iran
    Brill ; 2014
    In:  Nematology Vol. 16, No. 3 ( 2014), p. 289-301
    Details
    In: Nematology, Brill, Vol. 16, No. 3 ( 2014), p. 289-301
    Abstract: A new root-knot nematode parasitising vegetables, flowers and fruits in Brazil, Iran and Chile, is described as Meloidogyne luci n. sp. The female has an oval to squarish perineal pattern with a low to moderately high dorsal arc and without shoulders, similar to M. ethiopica . The female stylet is robust and 15-16 μm long; the distance from the dorsal pharyngeal gland orifice to the stylet base (DGO) is 3-4 μm. Males have a high, rounded head cap continuous with the body contour. The labial disc is fused with the medial lips to form an elongated lip structure. The head region is not marked by incomplete annulations. Male stylet robust, 20.8-23.0 μm long with rounded knobs; the DGO is 2.5-4.5 μm. The stylet of second-stage juveniles (J2) is 12.0-13.5 μm long and the DGO to the stylet base is 2.3-3.3 μm. The J2 tail is conoid with finely rounded terminus and is 40.0-48.5 μm long. Biochemically, the esterase phenotype L3 (: 1.05, 1.10, 1.25) is unique and is the most useful character to differentiate M. luci n. sp. from all other Meloidogyne species. Reproduction is by mitotic parthenogenesis (2 n  = 42-46 chromosomes). In a differential host test, the population from Lavandula spica , Caxias do Sul, RS State, Brazil, reproduced on tomato cv. Rutgers, tobacco cv. NC95 and pepper cv. California Wonder. No reproduction occurred on watermelon cv. Charleston Gray, cotton cv. Deltapine 61 or peanut cv. Florunner. In Neighbour-Joining analyses of ITS and D2-D3 rRNA sequences, populations of M. luci n. sp. from Brazil, Chile and Iran clustered together and were clearly separated from other Meloidogyne spp., thus confirming that all three populations are very similar and conspecific.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1388-5545 , 1568-5411
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1163/15685411-00002765
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Brill
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019332-4
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  • 2
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    Resistance to Meloidogyne mayaguensis in Psidium spp. Accessions and their grafting compatibility with P. guajava cv. Paluma
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2007
    In:  Fitopatologia Brasileira Vol. 32, No. 4 ( 2007-08), p. 281-284
    Details
    In: Fitopatologia Brasileira, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 32, No. 4 ( 2007-08), p. 281-284
    Abstract: Meloidogyne mayaguensis tem sido assinalado em alguns estados do Brasil causando danos severos em goiabeiras comerciais (Psidium guajava L.). Acessos de Psidium spp. foram selecionados a partir de uma coleção mantida na Embrapa Clima Temperado (Pelotas, RS). Plantas de diferentes acessos foram transplantadas em sacos plásticos e quando atingiram 15-20 cm de altura foram inoculadas com M. mayaguensis (10.000 ovos/planta). Oito meses após a inoculação, os diferentes acessos foram avaliados quanto à resistência a esse nematóide. Três acessos de P. guajava foram altamente suscetíveis (FR=59,2). Psidium friedrichsthalianium foi considerado moderadamente resistente (FR=1,9). Três acessos de P. cattleyanum foram imunes (FR=0) a M. mayaguensis. P. friedrichsthalianium e P. cattleyanum quando usados como porta-enxertos foram compatíveis com P. guajava cv. Paluma. Considerando esses resultados, o uso de porta-enxertos resistentes poderá vir a ser um método promissor para o controle de M. mayaguensis em plantios comerciais de goiaba.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0100-4158
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1590/S0100-41582007000400001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2078802-2
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  • 3
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    Integrative taxonomy of Meloidogyne graminicola populations with different esterase phenotypes parasitising rice in Brazil
    Brill ; 2021
    In:  Nematology Vol. 23, No. 6 ( 2021-06-30), p. 627-643
    Details
    In: Nematology, Brill, Vol. 23, No. 6 ( 2021-06-30), p. 627-643
    Abstract: The rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola , has been reported in Southeast Asia, China, India, South Africa, USA, Brazil, and other countries. Recent surveys in Southern Brazil showed that M. graminicola was widespread in irrigated rice in Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Paraná states, and the presence of a species complex with a predominance of M. graminicola (Est VS1 = G1) and other variants showing similar esterase phenotypes (Est G2 = R2, G3 = R3). Meloidogyne oryzae (Est O1) and M. ottersoni (Est Ot0) were also part of this complex and were recently re-described and detected on rice. The present study provides an integrative taxonomy approach of the typical and atypical populations of M. graminicola on the basis of morphological, morphometric and molecular data. Considering morphological and morphometric features, the two atypical populations (Est G2 and G3) are in close agreement with the description of M. graminicola . Based on the molecular characterisation, populations G1, G2 and G3 were successfully amplified by M. graminicola SCAR markers, although the specificity of these markers was questioned. Phylogenetic relationships complemented and confirmed the other studies. In maximum likelihood analysis of ITS, D2-D3 rRNA and COXII -16S rRNA sequences, all populations of M. graminicola from different esterase phenotypes clustered together with other M. graminicola populations, thus confirming that these enzyme phenotypes (G1, G2 and G3) are related to the same species. A high level of intraspecific variability was detected among all populations, but no correlation between genetic variability and geographic origins occurred.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1388-5545 , 1568-5411
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10065
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Brill
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019332-4
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  • 4
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    Reaction of soybean cultivars to two races of Meloidogyne enterolobii and their aggressiveness under plastic house conditions
    Brill ; 2023
    In:  Nematology Vol. 25, No. 8 ( 2023-09-25), p. 929-940
    Details
    In: Nematology, Brill, Vol. 25, No. 8 ( 2023-09-25), p. 929-940
    Abstract: Limited information is available regarding the susceptibility or resistance of soybean cultivars to Meloidogyne enterolobii . Recently, a new race of this species was detected in Brazil parasitising cotton and soybean. This nematode has the potential to pose a problem in both of these crops, since it is pathogenic and virulent to several economically important plants that have resistance genes to other Meloidogyne species. The aim of this study was to assess the responses of EMBRAPA’s main soybean cultivars with confirmed resistance to M. incognita and M. javanica to the two races of M. enterolobii detected in Brazil. Additionally, this study aimed to characterise the aggressiveness of these nematode races. The experiments were conducted in a plastic house, in a factorial scheme with 16 soybean cultivars × two M. enterolobii races (guava and cotton), totalling 32 treatments × eight replications, and evaluated with two replications over time. Soybean sowing took place in pots containing 1.7 l of a mixture of soil, sand and Bioplant ® substrate (1:1:1), previously autoclaved. Each soybean plant was inoculated with 5000 eggs of M. enterolobii . After 75 days for the first experiment, and 90 days for the second, the following variables were evaluated: gall index (GI), egg mass index (EMI), total number of eggs per g root (NEGR) and the reproduction factor (RF). Both races of M. enterolobii showed reproductive ability in all soybean genotypes (with or without known genetic resistance), albeit with moderate to low values in comparison to their reproduction on tomato plants. The race from cotton was considered statistically more aggressive than the guava population on soybean cultivars. Only ‘BRS 7180 IPRO’ was moderately resistant to both races in both experiments. In view of the importance and prospects for expansion of the soybean crop, the findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of the resistance and aggressiveness exhibited by the two races of M. enterolobii , Moreover, the study highlights the significant challenge that lies ahead in developing breeding programmes to select soybean genotypes with multiple resistance to Meloidogyne spp.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1388-5545 , 1568-5411
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10266
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Brill
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019332-4
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  • 5
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    Response of different crops and weeds to three biotypes of Meloidogyne graminicola: crop rotation and succession strategies for irrigated rice fields
    Brill ; 2022
    In:  Nematology Vol. 24, No. 5 ( 2022-05-16), p. 589-597
    Details
    In: Nematology, Brill, Vol. 24, No. 5 ( 2022-05-16), p. 589-597
    Abstract: Rice, one of the most consumed cereal crops worldwide, is commonly grown under flooded conditions, which directly influences the nematode community. Meloidogyne graminicola is the predominant species in rice fields, causing significant damage and requiring integrated management practices. This study aimed to investigate the response of different Poaceae crops, soybean, and common weeds of rice to three biotypes of M. graminicola (G1, G2 and G3) recently detected in Brazil. The highest reproduction factor (RF) for the three nematode populations was detected in the weeds Echinochloa colonum and E. crus-galli , followed by rice and Italian ryegrass. Wheat ‘TBio Sonic’ and millet ‘ADR 500’ served as poor hosts to the nematodes, whereas black oat, white oat, signalgrass, millet ‘ADR 905’, maize, wheat ‘TBio Toruk’, and soybean acted as non-hosts (RF  〈 1) in both experiments. Of the three M. graminicola biotypes, G1 was the most aggressive, followed by G3 and G2 (lowest RF values). The findings of the current study can support the selection of crop rotation or succession approaches for the management of different biotypes of M. graminicola in irrigated rice fields.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1388-5545 , 1568-5411
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10155
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Brill
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 6
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    Resistance of Coffea arabica genotypes against Meloidogyne paranaensis and M. incognita under controlled and field conditions
    Brill ; 2017
    In:  Nematology Vol. 19, No. 5 ( 2017-06-06), p. 617-626
    Details
    In: Nematology, Brill, Vol. 19, No. 5 ( 2017-06-06), p. 617-626
    Abstract: Root-knot nematodes negatively impact on coffee yield worldwide. The use of resistant cultivars is the most effective way to manage these pests. The goal of this study was to identify Coffea arabica genotypes with resistance to Meloidogyne paranaensis and M. incognita race 1. Eighteen C. arabica genotypes (EPAMIG’s Germplasm Bank), previously selected for poor host suitability in a M. paranaensis -infested field, plus a resistant and a susceptible standard, were inoculated with these two Meloidogyne species to determine their resistance using nematode reproduction factor (). Accessions for which were considered resistant, while those for which were considered moderately resistant or susceptible, also according to statistical analysis. Five accessions from crossing ‘Catuaí Vermelho’ × ‘Amphillo MR 2-161’, one from ‘Catuaí Vermelho’ × ‘Amphillo MR 2-474’, two from ‘Timor Hybrid (UFV 408-01)’ and the standard ‘IPR-100’ were resistant to M. incognita race 1 with . Four accessions from ‘Catuaí Vermelho’ × ‘Amphillo MR 2-161’, one from ‘Timor Hybrid (UFV 408-01)’, one from ‘Catuaí Vermelho’ × ‘Amphillo MR 2-474’ and the resistant standard ‘IPR100’ were resistant to M. paranaensis (). Field evaluations with parental genotypes showed that plants that originated from progenies ‘Catuaí Vermelho’ × ‘Amphillo MR 2-161’ were resistant to M. paranaensis and also gave a good yield compared to commercial cultivars, showing promising agronomic traits that can be used in breeding programmes to develop new cultivars of C. arabica .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1388-5545 , 1568-5411
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1163/15685411-00003075
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Brill
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 7
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    Genetic diversity of root-knot nematodes from Brazil and development of SCAR markers specific for the coffee-damaging species
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 2002
    In:  Genome Vol. 45, No. 5 ( 2002-10-01), p. 862-870
    Details
    In: Genome, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 45, No. 5 ( 2002-10-01), p. 862-870
    Abstract: RAPD markers were used to characterize the genetic diversity and relationships of root-knot nematodes (RKN) (Meloidogyne spp.) in Brazil. A high level of infraspecific polymorphism was detected in Meloidogyne arenaria, Meloidogyne exigua, and Meloidogyne hapla compared with the other species tested. Phylogenetic analyses showed that M. hapla and M. exigua are more closely related to one another than they are to the other species, and illustrated the early divergence of these meiotically reproducing species from the mitotic ones. To develop a PCR-based assay to specifically identify RKN associated with coffee, three RAPD markers were further transformed into sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers specific for M. exigua, Meloigogyne incognita and Meloidogyne paranaensis, respectively. After PCR using the SCAR primers, the initial polymorphism was retained as the presence or absence of amplification. Moreover, multiplex PCR using the three pairs of SCAR primers in a single reaction enabled the unambiguous identification of each species, even in mixtures. Therefore, it is concluded that the method developed here has potential for application in routine diagnostic procedures.Key words: diagnostic, multiplex PCR, phylogeny, RAPD, root-knot nematodes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0831-2796 , 1480-3321
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/g02-054
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020635-5
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  • 8
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    The effect of sandy soil, bacterium dose and time on the efficacy of Pasteuria penetrans to control Meloidogyne incognita race 1 on coffee
    Brill ; 2007
    In:  Nematology Vol. 9, No. 6 ( 2007), p. 845-851
    Details
    In: Nematology, Brill, Vol. 9, No. 6 ( 2007), p. 845-851
    Abstract: An obligate parasite bacterium of the root-knot nematode, Pasteuria penetrans strain P10, isolated from Meloidogyne incognita females on banana roots in Imperatriz Maranhão State, Brazil, was evaluated in glasshouse conditions, using two doses of a dry root bionematicide (107 endospores (5.0 g/seedling) and 106 endospores (0.5 g/seedling)) on seedlings of cv. Mundo Novo coffee. The soil in which coffee seedlings were raised was inoculated previously with these two doses of P. penetrans and after 2 months the plants were transferred to soils of different textures: clay-sandy soil (38% clay, 2% silt and 60% sand) and sandy soil (17% clay, 0% silt and 83% sand). When the coffee plants were 30 cm high, they were inoculated with 20 000 eggs/plant of M. incognita race 1. The coffee plants were examined 8, 16 and 24 months after nematode plant infestation. The effectiveness of the biological control was determined by the reduction of nematode reproduction factor, which ranged from 62 to 67% in clay-sandy soil and 80 to 85% in sandy soil. The mechanism of suppression caused by the bacterium was evaluated by the percentage of infected second-stage juveniles (J2), number of endospores attached/J2 and number of infected females. The high levels of suppression were related to time, increasing from 8 to 24 months, and to the percentage of sand in the soil.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1388-5545 , 1568-5411
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1163/156854107782331171
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Brill
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019332-4
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  • 9
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    Meloidogyne ethiopica, a major root-knot nematode parasitising Vitis vinifera and other crops in Chile
    Brill ; 2007
    In:  Nematology Vol. 9, No. 5 ( 2007), p. 633-639
    Details
    In: Nematology, Brill, Vol. 9, No. 5 ( 2007), p. 633-639
    Abstract: Enzyme phenotypes, specifically esterases (EST) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH), were used to characterise different species of Meloidogyne from Chile. Esterase activity was highly polymorphic and was the most useful in the identification of the different species. Using this enzyme it is possible to characterise and identify M. ethiopica in about 80% of samples on grapevine, kiwi and tomatoes. Another three species, M. javanica, M. hapla and M. arenaria, were identified on tomatoes, kiwi and pomegranate with only one or a few populations. It was possible to detect minor atypical (unidentified) phenotypes, generally in mixed populations with M. ethiopica. Only the profiles N1 and H1 of MDH were detected. N1 was not specific and H1 allowed identification of M. hapla. Contaminated nursery stock has probably resulted in serious infestation by M. ethiopica in vineyards in various localities in Chile.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1388-5545 , 1568-5411
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1163/156854107782024794
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Brill
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019332-4
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  • 10
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    Concentration of β-ecydisone (20E) in susceptible and resistant accessions of Pfaffia glomerata infected with Meloidogyne incognita and histological characterisation of resistance
    Brill ; 2010
    In:  Nematology Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2010), p. 701-709
    Details
    In: Nematology, Brill, Vol. 12, No. 5 ( 2010), p. 701-709
    Abstract: Pfaffia glomerata is a medicinal plant widely distributed in Brazil, which is considered the world's greatest supplier of P. glomerata roots. Among active ingredients contained in this plant, the steroid β-ecydisone (20E) is the most important compound extracted from roots. This steroid presents therapeutic properties for the treatment of diabetes and haemorrhoids, besides having bioenergy, tonic and aphrodisiac effects. The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne spp. is a major limiting factor in root production. Recent studies showed resistance of accessions of P. glomerata to Meloidogyne incognita. The aims of this work were: i) to correlate the concentration of 20E with resistance and susceptibility of P. glomerata accessions to M. incognita in inoculated and non-inoculated plants; ii) to study the effect of the parasitism of M. incognita on the concentration of the steroid 20E in the roots; and iii) to clarify resistance mechanisms by comparing the response of a highly resistant UFV with a highly susceptible accession (Farm) to nematode infection. The concentration of 20E in the healthy susceptible Farm accession was significantly higher than in the healthy resistant UFV accession, showing that the resistance mechanism was not related to 20E concentrations. Plants of the Farm accession infected with M. incognita showed higher levels of 20E than the non-infected control. A positive and significant Pearson correlation coefficient was observed between 20E concentrations and gall indexes. Resistance of UFV to the root-knot nematode M. incognita was associated with unidentified factors that limited nematode penetration or emigration of second-stage juveniles and with post-penetration responses, including the hypersensitive response. Giant cells were sometimes found in the resistant cultivar, but displayed a highly vacuolated and degraded cytoplasm with thinner cell walls than those induced in the susceptible accession. Microscope observations under UV light showed a strong autofluorescence, suggesting that phenolic compounds may be involved in ginseng UFV resistance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1388-5545 , 1568-5411
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1163/138855409X12597616267771
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Brill
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019332-4
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