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  • 1
    In: Violence Against Women, SAGE Publications, Vol. 28, No. 3-4 ( 2022-03), p. 823-850
    Abstract: Using baseline data from a community-collaborative cohort of women living with HIV in Canada, we assessed the prevalence and correlates of help-seeking among 1,057 women who reported experiencing violence in adulthood (≥16 years). After violence, 447 (42%) sought help, while 610 (58%) did not. Frequently accessed supports included health care providers ( n = 313, 70%), family/friends ( n = 244, 55%), and non-HIV community organizations ( n = 235, 53%). All accessed supports were perceived as helpful. Independent correlates of help-seeking included reporting a previous mental health diagnosis, a history of injection drug use, experiencing childhood violence, and experiencing sexism. We discuss considerations for better supporting women who experience violence.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1077-8012 , 1552-8448
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2031375-5
    SSG: 2
    SSG: 2,1
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  • 2
    In: Home Health Care Management & Practice, SAGE Publications, Vol. 35, No. 3 ( 2023-08), p. 172-179
    Abstract: Older adults living with HIV (OALHIV) (i.e., age ≥50) now constitute over 50% of all people accessing HIV treatment in British Columbia (BC), Canada. As OALHIV age, the need for supportive care in non-acute settings, including home and community care (HCC), is increasing. The Thrive research project was co-created alongside OALHIV in BC to support people to thrive with a good quality of life (as contrasted with just surviving). Phase 1 of the project linked treatment and demographic records for 5603 OALHIV accessing care in BC. Phase 2 took a community-based research approach with semi-structured interviews to understand obstacles and pathways experienced by 27 OALHIV in accessing HCC. This article summarizes previously published Phase 1 findings and explores Phase 2 findings in-depth. On the HCC journey traveled by OALHIV in BC, there are four main junctures at which obstacles and pathways appear: (1) before referral, (2) during the referral process, (3) at the assessment, and (4) while receiving services. Obstacles are largely related to fluctuating HCC priorities and funding cuts tied to election cycles, requiring systemic and policy changes to enable positive outcomes and impacts in the provision of HCC services. These obstacles can be transformed into pathways through public policy and client-centered, culturally safe care.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1084-8223 , 1552-6739
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2061340-4
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  • 3
    In: Journal of Applied Gerontology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 41, No. 9 ( 2022-09), p. 2063-2073
    Abstract: Older adults living with HIV (OALHIV) are a fast-growing demographic who rely on home and community care (HCC) services. Cultural safety (an environment free of racism that fosters feelings of safety and respect) is integral to HCC services. We conducted 27 semi-structured interviews with OALHIV in Vancouver, British Columbia about their HCC experiences. Excerpts about cultural safety were qualitatively analyzed using Two-Eyed Seeing. Our themes—Voices from across Turtle Island, Voices from the African continent, Western Perspectives, and Universal Principles—indicate that cultural safety is important yet lacking. While specific aspects of culturally safe HCC services varied between and within cultural groups, some aspects were shared by participants across groups (e.g., respect, compassion, and non-judgment).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0733-4648 , 1552-4523
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
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    SSG: 5,2
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  • 4
    In: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 94, No. 2 ( 2023-10-1), p. 116-123
    Abstract: HIV-related stigma, gender discrimination, and racial discrimination harm mental health and hamper HIV treatment access for women living with HIV. Maladaptive coping strategies, such as substance use, can further worsen HIV treatment outcomes, whereas resilience can improve HIV outcomes. We examined resilience and depression as mediators of the relationship between multiple stigmas and HIV treatment outcomes among women living with HIV. Setting: Ontario, British Columbia, and Quebec, Canada. Methods: We conducted a longitudinal study with 3 waves at 18-month intervals. We used structural equation modeling to test the associations of multiple stigmas (HIV-related stigma, racial discrimination, and gender discrimination) or an intersectional construct of all 3 stigmas at wave 1 on self-reported HIV treatment cascade outcomes (≥95% antiretroviral treatment [ART] adherence, undetectable viral load) at wave 3. We tested depression and resilience at wave 2 as potential mediators and adjusted for sociodemographic factors. Results: There were 1422 participants at wave 1, half of whom were Black (29%) or Indigenous (20%). Most participants reported high ART adherence (74%) and viral suppression (93%). Racial discrimination was directly associated with having a detectable viral load, while intersectional stigma was directly associated with lower ART adherence. Resilience mediated associations between individual and intersectional stigmas and HIV treatment cascade outcomes, but depression did not. Racial discrimination was associated with increased resilience, while intersectional and other individual stigmas were associated with reduced resilience. Conclusion: Race, gender and HIV-related stigma reduction interventions are required to address intersectional stigma among women living with HIV. Including resilience-building activities in these interventions may improve HIV treatment outcomes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1525-4135
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2038673-4
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  • 5
    In: International Journal of Population Data Science, Swansea University, Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2021-05-20)
    Abstract: The use of data intensive health research has allowed for greater understandings of population health. When conducting data intensive health research, engaging and involving the community is essential for conducting meaningful research that is responsive to the public’s needs. Particularly, when engaging Indigenous communities in research, there is a need to understand historical and ongoing impacts of colonialism and recognize the strengths in Indigenous Peoples’ knowledges and experiences while supporting Indigenous leadership and self-determination in research. This article describes the approach our research team/organization used to engage and involve Indigenous people living with HIV in three research projects using large, linked datasets and looking at HIV outcomes of Indigenous populations in Canada. The foundation of these projects was simultaneously: 1) supporting Indigenous people living with HIV to be involved as research team members, 2) developing research questions to answer with available datasets, and 3) integrating Indigenous and Western ways of knowing. We have identified important considerations and suggestions for engaging and involving Indigenous communities and individuals in the generation of research ideas and analysis of linked data using community-based participatory research approaches through our work. These include engaging stakeholders at the start of the project and involving them throughout the research process, honouring Indigenous ways of knowing, the land, and local protocols and traditions, prioritizing Indigenous voices, promoting co-learning and building capacity, and focusing on developing longitudinal relationships. We describe keys to success and learnings that emerged. Importantly, the methodology practiced and presented in this manuscript is not a qualitative study design whereby research subjects are surveyed about their experiences or beliefs. Rather, the study approach described herein is about engaging people with living experience to co-lead as researchers. Our approach supported Indigenous people to share research that addresses their research priorities and responds to issues relevant to Indigenous Peoples and communities.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2399-4908
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Swansea University
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2892786-2
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  • 6
    In: SSM - Qualitative Research in Health, Elsevier BV, Vol. 2 ( 2022-12), p. 100192-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2667-3215
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 7
    In: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 89, No. 5 ( 2022-04-15), p. 505-510
    Abstract: Increasingly, women living with HIV are entering menopause (ie, cessation of menses for ≥1 year) and experiencing midlife symptoms. Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is first-line therapy for bothersome hot flashes and early menopause (ie, before age 45 years); however, its use in women living with HIV is poorly described. We conducted a cross-sectional assessment of MHT uptake and barriers to use in this group. Setting: This study was conducted across 3 Canadian provinces from 2015 to 2017. Methods: Perimenopausal and postmenopausal women living with HIV (35 years or older) in the Canadian HIV Women's Sexual and Reproductive Health Cohort Study who answered questions related to MHT use were included. Univariable/multivariable logistic regression evaluated factors associated with MHT use, adjusted for age and contraindications. Results: Among 464 women, 47.8% (222 of 464) had a first-line indication for MHT; however, only 11.8% (55 of 464) reported ever using MHT and 5.6% (26 of 464) were current users. Only 44.8% had ever discussed menopause with their care provider despite almost all women having regular HIV care (97.8%). African/Caribbean/Black women had lower unadjusted odds of MHT treatment compared with White women [odds ratio (OR) 0.42 (0.18–0.89); P = 0.034]. Those who had discussed menopause with their care provider had higher odds of treatment [OR 3.13 (1.74–5.86); P 〈 0.001]. In adjusted analyses, only women having had a menopause discussion remained significantly associated with MHT use [OR 2.97 (1.62–5.61); P 〈 0.001]. Conclusion: Women living with HIV are seldom prescribed MHT despite frequent indication. MHT uptake was associated with care provider–led menopause discussions underscoring the need for care provider education on menopause management within HIV care.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1525-4135
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2038673-4
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  • 8
    In: International Indigenous Policy Journal, University of Western Ontario, Western Libraries, Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2020-11-25), p. 1-19
    Abstract: The relationship between the First Peoples of Canada and researchers is changing as processes of self-determination and reconciliation are increasingly implemented. We used storytelling and ceremony to describe a historic event, the Indigenous Women’s Data Transfer Ceremony, where quantitative data of 318 Indigenous women living with HIV were transferred to Indigenous academic and community leaders. Relationship building, working together with a common vision, the Ceremony, and the subsequent activities were summarized as a journey of two boats. The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada's Calls to Action and Indigenous ethical principles were central to the process. The article ends with team members’ reflections and the importance of shifting power to Indigenous Peoples in regard to data collection, their stories, and the resulting policies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1916-5781
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: University of Western Ontario, Western Libraries
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2604559-X
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  • 9
    In: Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists (CSHP), Vol. 75, No. 4 ( 2022-10-03), p. 309-316
    Abstract: Background: Advances in treatment have turned HIV from a terminal illness to a more manageable condition. Over the past 20 years, there have been considerable changes to HIV treatment guidelines, including changes in preferred antiretrovirals and timing of initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Objective: To examine real-world trends in cART utilization, viral control, and immune reconstitution among people living with HIV in Canada. Methods: Data were obtained from the Canadian Observational Cohort (CANOC). CANOC participants were eligible if they were antiretroviral therapy–naive at entry and initiated 3 or more antiretrovirals on or after January 1, 2000; if they were at least 18 years of age at treatment initiation; if they were residing in Canada; and if they had at least 1 viral load determination and CD4 count within 1 year of CANOC entry. Baseline and annual mean CD4 counts were categorized as less than 200, 200–350, 351–500, and more than 500 cells/mm3. Annual mean viral loads were reported as suppressed ( 〈  50 copies/mL), low (50–199 copies/mL), or high detectable (≥ 200 copies/mL). The cART regimens were reported yearly. Results: All CANOC participants were included (n = 13 040). Over the study period, the proportion of individuals with an annual mean CD4 count above 500 cells/mm3 increased from 16.3% to 65.8%, while the proportion of individuals with an undetectable mean viral load increased from 10.6% to 83.2%. As of 2007, the most commonly prescribed 2-agent nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor backbone was tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine. In terms of third agents, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors were the most common class in the periods 2000–2003 and 2014–2015, protease inhibitors were most common in the period 2004–2013, and integrase inhibitors were most common in 2016. Conclusions: Concordance with treatment guidelines was demonstrated over time with respect to cART prescribing and immunologic and virologic response. RÉSUMÉ Contexte : Les progrès effectués dans le domaine des traitements ont transformé le VIH. Celui-ci est passé d’une maladie en phase terminale à une maladie plus gérable. Au cours des 20 dernières années, des changements considérables ont eu lieu dans les directives de traitement du VIH, y compris des changements dans les antirétroviraux privilégiés et le moment de l’initiation de la thérapie antirétrovirale combinée (TARc). Objectif : Examiner les tendances réelles de l’utilisation de la TARc, du contrôle viral et de la reconstitution immunitaire chez les personnes vivant avec le VIH au Canada. Méthodes : Les données ont été obtenues auprès de la Canadian Observational Cohort (CANOC). Les participants à la CANOC étaient admissibles s’ils n’avaient jamais reçu de traitement antirétroviral à l’entrée et avaient commencé la prise de 3 antirétroviraux ou plus le 1er janvier 2000 ou après cette date; s’ils avaient au moins 18 ans au moment du début du traitement; s’ils résidaient au Canada; et s’ils avaient au moins 1 charge virale et un nombre de CD4 dans l’année suivant l’entrée à la CANOC. Les numérations initiales et annuelles moyennes de CD4 ont été classées comme inférieures à 200, 200 à 350, 351 à 500, et supérieures à 500 cellules/mm3. Les charges virales moyennes annuelles ont été signalées comme supprimées ( 〈  50 copies/mL), faibles (50 à 199 copies/mL) ou élevées détectables (≥ 200 copies/mL). Les régimes de la TARc ont été rapportés chaque année. Résultats : Tous les participants à la CANOC ont été inclus (n = 13 040). Au cours de la période d’étude, la proportion de personnes ayant une numération CD4 moyenne annuelle supérieure à 500 cellules/mm3 est passée de 16,3 % à 65,8 %, tandis que la part de pers onnes ayant une charge virale moyenne indétectable est passée de 10,6 % à 83,2 %. En 2007, la bithérapie de base d’inhibiteurs nucléosidiques de la transcriptase inverse la plus couramment prescrite était le fumarate de ténofovir disoproxil et l’emtricitabine. En matière de troisièmes agents, la classe la plus courante dans les périodes 2000-2003 et 2014-2015 était les inhibiteurs non nucléosidiques de la transcriptase inverse; les plus courants dans la période 2004-2013 étaient les inhibiteurs de protéase; et les inhibiteurs de l’intégrase étaient les plus courants en 2016. Conclusions : La concordance avec les directives de traitement a été démontrée au fil du temps en ce qui concerne la prescription de la cART et la réponse immunologique et virologique.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1920-2903 , 0008-4123
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists (CSHP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2107012-X
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 1992
    In:  Biopharmaceutics & Drug Disposition Vol. 13, No. 7 ( 1992-10), p. 513-520
    In: Biopharmaceutics & Drug Disposition, Wiley, Vol. 13, No. 7 ( 1992-10), p. 513-520
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0142-2782 , 1099-081X
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 1992
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496395-4
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
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