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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustical evolution of the viola da gamba
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2015
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 138, No. 3_Supplement ( 2015-09-01), p. 1911-1911
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 138, No. 3_Supplement ( 2015-09-01), p. 1911-1911
    Abstract: The viola da gamba (or viol) emerged as a distinctive type of bowed string instrument during the fifteenth century. Its characteristics include a fingerboard with gut frets and between five and seven strings tuned in fourths with a central major third. By the end of the fifteenth century, the instrument was being constructed in a range of sizes. To investigate the acoustical significance of design changes during the evolution of the viol family in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries admittance measurements at the bridge have been made on a wide variety of reproductions of viols and other early bowed-string instruments. A comparison of the results with existing data on modern violin-family instruments, and other stringed instruments such as guitars, reveals that the acoustic behavior of viols is more disparate than that of violins or guitars. Models that have been measured include examples with and without a soundpost, and a correspondingly wide range of frequency responses is seen. The influence of the viol bridge and the significance of the adoption of overwound bass strings are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4934010
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Warbling in steadily bowed viol strings
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2016
    In:  Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 140, No. 4_Supplement ( 2016-10-01), p. 3427-3427
    Details
    In: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 140, No. 4_Supplement ( 2016-10-01), p. 3427-3427
    Abstract: The timbre of a note played on a bowed string instrument depends on a number of performance parameters, including bow pressure, bow speed, and distance of the bowing point from the bridge. When these parameters are held constant during the bowing of a note played without vibrato the radiated sound usually has a stable timbre, with a frequency spectrum which is unchanging apart from small random fluctuations. For certain combinations of instrument and bow this timbral stability is disrupted, leading to a periodic modulation of the timbre which can be described as a “warble.” The warbling effect was first noticed on a large bass viol, but it can also be found on other bowed string instruments including the cello. Unlike the well known “wolf” phenomenon, the warbling effect is not associated with a particular played pitch on the instrument, but occurs over a wide range of pitches. Experimental studies on bass viols have shown that the warble is a modulation of upper harmonics of the played note, with a modulation frequency of a few hertz. Possible mechanisms which could explain the generation of this modulation are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4971032
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Lord Rayleigh: A master of theory and experiment in acoustics
    Acoustical Society of Japan ; 2007
    In:  Acoustical Science and Technology Vol. 28, No. 4 ( 2007), p. 215-218
    Details
    In: Acoustical Science and Technology, Acoustical Society of Japan, Vol. 28, No. 4 ( 2007), p. 215-218
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1346-3969 , 1347-5177
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1250/ast.28.215
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of Japan
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2039148-1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pitch bending on the cornet
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2004
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 115, No. 5_Supplement ( 2004-05-01), p. 2564-2564
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 115, No. 5_Supplement ( 2004-05-01), p. 2564-2564
    Abstract: A successful model of a brass wind instrument must be able to describe the playing technique known as ‘‘lipping,’’ in which the player can bend the pitch of a note by modifying the setting and tension of the lips. This technique is of special importance on the lip-reed instrument known as the cornet or cornetto, which was important in the 15th and 16th centuries but fell out of use by the end of the 18th century. The instrument consists of a short wooden tube of approximately conical bore with seven side holes. Chromatic notes must be obtained by cross fingering, and good intonation requires fine control of the lipping technique. Recent experimental studies of lipping on the cornet are described, and implications for modeling of the lip reed are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4784008
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2004
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trombone bore optimization based on input impedance targets
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2009
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 125, No. 4 ( 2009-04-01), p. 2404-2412
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 125, No. 4 ( 2009-04-01), p. 2404-2412
    Abstract: Optimization methods based on input impedance target functions have been proposed for the design of brass musical instruments. Criteria for target functions in trombone bore optimization are discussed, drawing on experimental input impedance data from a variety of high-quality trombones of differing sizes. An “inharmonicity plot” is introduced and used to aid the interpretation of impedance curves. An efficient optimization technique is described and is shown to be capable of predicting bore changes which achieve specified modifications to the input impedance curve while maintaining a smoothly-flaring bell contour. Further work is required to clarify the relationship between input impedance targets and the preferences of professional players.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.3087423
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Six decades of inspiration: Thomas D. Rossing, internationally renowned musical acoustician, writer, educator, and friend
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2017
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 141, No. 5_Supplement ( 2017-05-01), p. 3683-3683
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 141, No. 5_Supplement ( 2017-05-01), p. 3683-3683
    Abstract: Tom Rossing occupies a very special place in the international community of researchers in musical acoustics. Generations of undergraduate and postgraduate students have been directed to The Physics of Musical Instruments by Fletcher and Rossing as the most helpful and authoritative textbook in this interdisciplinary field. Specialists in the study of percussion and stringed instruments have enjoyed and profited from the textbooks which he has written and edited on these topics, and from the many research papers which he has published. He has traveled widely, researching and teaching not only in the United States but also in Australia, England, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Scotland, South Korea, and Sweden. He has been a stalwart supporter of the series of International Symposia in Musical Acoustics, and has made an outstanding contribution to the promotion of education in acoustics. Musical acousticians worldwide owe Tom a great debt of gratitude for his collaboration, inspiration, and friendship.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4988006
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Serpents on parade
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2017
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 142, No. 4_Supplement ( 2017-10-01), p. 2510-2510
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 142, No. 4_Supplement ( 2017-10-01), p. 2510-2510
    Abstract: The serpent which was used to accompany plainchant in French churches from the beginning of the seventeenth century was a wooden lip-excited wind instrument with a wide conical bore and six fingerholes. Toward the end of the eighteenth century, the serpent found another role as a bass instrument in civilian and military bands. The traditional form of the church serpent was modified in various different ways to make it more convenient for playing on the march. This paper compares the acoustical and musical properties of the church serpent, the horizontal English military serpent, and several types of upright serpent designed for band use.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.5014168
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Time domain wave separation using multiple microphones
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2010
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 128, No. 1 ( 2010-07-01), p. 195-205
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 128, No. 1 ( 2010-07-01), p. 195-205
    Abstract: Methods of measuring the acoustic behavior of tubular systems can be broadly characterized as steady state measurements, where the measured signals are analyzed in terms of infinite duration sinusoids, and reflectometry measurements which exploit causality to separate the forward and backward going waves in a duct. This paper sets out a multiple microphone reflectometry technique which performs wave separation by using time domain convolution to track the forward and backward going waves in a cylindrical source tube. The current work uses two calibration runs (one for forward going waves and one for backward going waves) to measure the time domain transfer functions for each pair of microphones. These time domain transfer functions encode the time delay, frequency dependent losses and microphone gain ratios for travel between microphones. This approach is applied to the measurement of wave separation, bore profile and input impedance. The work differs from existing frequency domain methods in that it combines the information of multiple microphones within a time domain algorithm, and differs from existing time domain methods in its inclusion of the effect of losses and gain ratios in intermicrophone transfer functions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.3392441
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2010
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mechanical response of artificial buzzing lips
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1999
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 105, No. 2_Supplement ( 1999-02-01), p. 1002-1002
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 105, No. 2_Supplement ( 1999-02-01), p. 1002-1002
    Abstract: Brass instruments sound when the coupling between the acoustical resonator (the instrument) and the mechanical oscillator (the lips) results in a self sustained oscillation. It is the aim of this investigation to characterize experimentally the mechanical response of the lips and to examine its influence on the lip motion observed under near-threshold playing conditions. In this investigation artificial latex rubber lips replace the lips of a human player. Particular emphasis is placed on studying the development of the mechanical response as the embouchure is tightened or as airflow through the lips is introduced. The effect of the acoustical coupling provided by the mouthpiece is investigated. Also presented are playing test measurements, carried out at a level just above the threshold of oscillation. The artificial lips are used to excite resonators of various acoustical lengths; for each resonator the relation of the playing frequency to the nearest lip and resonator resonance frequencies is examined and the measured phase difference between lip opening area and mouthpiece pressure is compared with the phase angles of lip mechanical response and resonator input impedance at the playing frequency. The observed oscillation threshold behavior is compared with that predicted by theoretical physical models.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.425807
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Tintignac carnyx: An acoustical study of an early brasswind instrument
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2015
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 138, No. 3_Supplement ( 2015-09-01), p. 1913-1913
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 138, No. 3_Supplement ( 2015-09-01), p. 1913-1913
    Abstract: The carnyx was a metal wind instrument used by Celtic peoples around two thousand years ago. It was approximately two meters long with a bell in the shape of an animal head. In 2004, an excavation at Tintignac in the Corrèze district of France uncovered a horde of bronze instruments, including parts of several carnyxes. It proved possible to assemble an almost complete carnyx from these parts, and in 2011, a copy of this carnyx was made in brass by Jean Boisserie. The acoustical behavior of the brass copy was studied by Joel Gilbert and colleagues at the Université du Maine in Le Mans; this work led to the proposal that the musical performance of the instrument would be improved if an additional section of tubing was included in the reconstruction. Later, Boisserie made a second copy in bronze, together with several optional extension pieces. The musical performing possibilities of the bronze copy have been studied by the musician John Kenny, and its acoustical behavior has been studied at the University of Edinburgh. The results of these studies, including measurements of sound radiation by the large bronze ears attached to the head, are presented and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4934019
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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