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  • 1
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    Soil sorption characteristics of benzobicyclon hydrolysate and estimated leaching risk in soils used for rice production
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2020
    In:  Environmental Chemistry Vol. 17, No. 6 ( 2020), p. 445-
    Details
    In: Environmental Chemistry, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 17, No. 6 ( 2020), p. 445-
    Kurzfassung: Environmental contextThe behaviour of herbicides in the environment is largely determined by the partitioning of the compounds between soil solids and soil solution. We determined that the rice herbicide-metabolite benzobicyclon hydrolysate partitions more into soil solution, and does so increasingly as pH increases. These results indicate that benzobicyclon hydrolysate is a risk for leaching in much of the rice-producing area in the US mid-South. AbstractBenzobicyclon hydrolysate (BH) is the major metabolite and active molecule in the pro-herbicide benzobicyclon (BZB), which is pending registration for use in US mid-Southern rice (Oryza sativa L.) production. The current study objectives were to (i) determine BH soil sorption coefficients; (ii) quantify relationships among BH sorption and soil properties; and (iii) estimate leaching potential using calculated retardation factors (RFs). Sorption coefficients for 10 representative Arkansas rice-production soils were determined by batch-equilibration experiments. Soil sorption (KD=0.25–44.3mLg−1), soil organic carbon partitioning (KOC=28.2–7480mLg−1), and soil organic matter partitioning (KOM=17.9–2580mLg−1) coefficients were negatively correlated with soil pH (r=−0.93 – −0.94). Clay and silt were significant secondary regression parameters, accounting for up to 93% of the variation in KD in combination with pH. Clay and silt effects on sorption coefficients increased when regression analyses excluded the lowest pH soil. Soil sorption coefficients were greater in soils with clay ≥27%, which may be a useful parameter for informing herbicide-use rates. Using the calculated RF’s, the estimated depth of leaching over the growing season exceeded the assumed 15-cm plough layer depth in eight of the 10 soils, and only two of the 10 soils had an estimated time to plough layer breakthrough less than the typical six-month growing season (April–September) under average water flux conditions. The results suggest that BH leaching below the plough layer is a potential risk for much of the rice-producing area in the US mid-South.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1448-2517
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/EN19189
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: CSIRO Publishing
    Publikationsdatum: 2020
    ZDB Id: 2150372-2
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  • 2
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    S -Metolachlor Persistence in Soil as Influenced by Within-Season and Inter-Annual Herbicide Use
    Elsevier BV ; 2022
    In:  SSRN Electronic Journal
    Details
    In: SSRN Electronic Journal, Elsevier BV
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1556-5068
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4178009
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Elsevier BV
    Publikationsdatum: 2022
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  • 3
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    Identification of an Atrazine-Degrading Benzoxazinoid in Eastern Gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides)
    American Chemical Society (ACS) ; 2013
    In:  Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry Vol. 61, No. 34 ( 2013-08-28), p. 8026-8033
    Details
    In: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, American Chemical Society (ACS), Vol. 61, No. 34 ( 2013-08-28), p. 8026-8033
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0021-8561 , 1520-5118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1021/jf402271h
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2013
    ZDB Id: 1483109-0
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  • 4
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    Soybean response to dicamba in irrigation water under controlled environmental conditions
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2019
    In:  Weed Science Vol. 67, No. 3 ( 2019-05), p. 354-360
    Details
    In: Weed Science, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 67, No. 3 ( 2019-05), p. 354-360
    Kurzfassung: While much research has focused on crop damage following foliar exposure to auxin herbicides, reports documenting the risk posed by exposure via root uptake of irrigation water are lacking. Herbicide residues circulated in tailwater recovery systems may pose threats of cross-crop impacts to nonresistant cultivars with known sensitivity to auxins. An auxin-susceptible soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivar was grown in a controlled growth chamber environment and exposed to dicamba dissolved in irrigation water applied to the soil surface, simulating furrow irrigation. Five herbicide treatment concentrations, ranging from 0.05 to 5.0 mg L −1 and encompassing estimated field doses of 3.1 to 310g ha −1 , were applied to the soil of potted soybean plants at V3/V4 or R1 growth stages. Plant injury (0% to 100%), dry mass, height, number of pods, and number of pod-bearing nodes were measured. Kruskal-Wallis and logistic regression analyses were performed to determine treatment differences and examine dose effects. Yield losses were projected using (1) 14 d after treatment plant injury assessments based on injury–yield relationships described for foliar exposures and (2) pod counts. Dicamba concentration was the main significant factor affecting all growth response metrics, and growth stage was a significant explanatory variable only for the height response metric. A nonlinear response to dicamba dose was observed, with the threshold response dose required to affect 50% of plants being three times greater for 40% crop injury compared with 20% injury. Yield projections derived from plant response to root uptake compared with foliar exposure indicate that soybean may express both magnitude of injury and specific symptomology differently when exposure occurs via root uptake. Drift exposure–based models may be incompatible to predict soybean yield loss when injury results from irrigation. Data are needed to develop correlations for predicting yield losses based on field-scale exposure to dicamba in irrigation water, as well as assessment of real-world concentrations of herbicide residues in tailwater recovery systems.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1550-2759
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/wsc.2019.4
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    ZDB Id: 2123881-9
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  • 5
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    Resistance of Palmer amaranth ( Amaranthus palmeri ) to S -metolachlor in the midsouthern United States
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2022
    In:  Weed Science Vol. 70, No. 4 ( 2022-07), p. 380-389
    Details
    In: Weed Science, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 70, No. 4 ( 2022-07), p. 380-389
    Kurzfassung: Palmer amaranth ( Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) is one of the most problematic weeds in many cropping systems in the midsouthern United States because of its multiple weedy traits and its propensity to evolve resistance to many herbicides with different mechanisms of action. In Arkansas, A. palmeri has evolved metabolic resistance to S -metolachlor, compromising the effectiveness of an important weed management tool. Greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate the differential response of A. palmeri accessions from three states (Arkansas, Mississippi, and Tennessee) to (1) assess the occurrence of resistance to S -metolachlor among A. palmeri populations, (2) evaluate the resistance level in selected accessions and their resistant progeny, (3) and determine the susceptibility of most resistant accessions to other soil-applied herbicides. Seeds were collected from 168 crop fields between 2017 and 2019. One hundred seeds per accession were planted in silt loam soil without herbicide for 〉 20 yr and sprayed with the labeled rate of S -metolachlor (1,120 g ai ha −1 ). Six accessions (four from Arkansas and two from Mississippi) were classified resistant to S -metolachlor. The effective doses (LD 50 ) to control the parent accessions ranged between 73 and 443 g ha −1 , and those of F 1 progeny of survivors were 73 to 577 g ha −1 . The resistance level was generally greater among progeny of surviving plants than among resistant field populations. The resistant field populations required 2.2 to 7.0 times more S -metolachlor to reduce seedling emergence 50%, while the F 1 of survivors needed up to 9.2 times more herbicide to reduce emergence 50% compared with the susceptible standard.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0043-1745 , 1550-2759
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/wsc.2022.37
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publikationsdatum: 2022
    ZDB Id: 2123881-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
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    Weed Management Programs in Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Agriculture Vol. 9, No. 8 ( 2019-08-16), p. 182-
    Details
    In: Agriculture, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 8 ( 2019-08-16), p. 182-
    Kurzfassung: A field study was conducted in Arkansas over three years to evaluate various herbicide treatments, including sequential and tank-mix applications for weed control in grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). The herbicide treatments used were quinclorac, atrazine + dimethenamid-p, S-metolachlor followed by (fb) atrazine + dicamba, dimethenamid-p fb atrazine, S-metolachlor + atrazine fb atrazine, S-metolachlor + mesotrione, and S-metolachlor fb prosulfuron. All herbicide treatments provided excellent (90% to 100%) control of Ipomoea lacunosa, Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula, and Sida spinosa by 12 weeks after emergence. Quinclorac and S-metolachlor fb prosulfuron provided the lowest control of Ipomoea lacunosa, Urochloa platyphylla, Amaranthus palmeri, and Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula. Weed interference in the non-treated control reduced grain sorghum yield by 50% as compared to the weed-free control. S-metolachlor + mesotrione and S-metolachlor fb prosulfuron reduced sorghum yields by 1009 to 1121 kg ha−1 compared to other herbicide treatments. The five best herbicide treatments in terms of weed control and grain sorghum yield were quinclorac, atrazine + dimethenamid-p, S-metolachlor fb atrazine + dicamba, dimethenamid-p fb atrazine, and the standard treatment of S-metolachlor + atrazine fb atrazine.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2077-0472
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/agriculture9080182
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    ZDB Id: 2651678-0
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  • 7
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    Soybean response to dicamba exposure in furrow irrigation
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2020-01)
    Details
    In: Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment, Wiley, Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2020-01)
    Kurzfassung: Sensitive crop exposure to residual dicamba in irrigation is a potential hazard in regions with overlapping use of transgenic dicamba‐resistant crops and on‐farm water storage–tailwater recovery (OFWS‐TWR) systems. This field study examined non–dicamba‐resistant soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] for response to a dicamba dose gradient (7.6–630 g ae ha −1 ) in a furrow irrigation system. In a second study, growth stage and application timing effects were explored, with dicamba applied at 160 g ae ha −1 in entirety to V3 or R1 soybean or split across exposure events. Plant injury 14 and 28 d after treatment (DAT) increased with dose, with significant injury at 160–630 g ae ha −1 . Plant injury 28 DAT was higher after split exposure compared with single exposure. Height and yield reduction occurred at 160–630 g ae ha −1 and in plants treated at reproductive growth stages. Regression models associated yield loss of 10, 20, and 30%, with effective doses of 19, 43, and 110 g ae ha −1 , respectively, and plant injury 14 DAT of ∼10, ∼25, and ∼40%, respectively. Dicamba doses in irrigation that elicited equivalent response to foliar exposure were up to an order of magnitude higher, suggesting soybean plants are less sensitive to root uptake of dicamba. Alternately, dissipation in the environment may reduce total uptake. Off‐target dicamba exposure in irrigation will likely result in yield loss if tailwater dicamba concentrations exceeding ∼0.20 mg L −1 in 30.8 ha‐mm irrigation. This high residual concentration would likely only occur in OFWS‐TWR systems under “worst‐case scenario” conditions.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2639-6696 , 2639-6696
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/agg2.v3.1
    DOI: 10.1002/agg2.20039
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Wiley
    Publikationsdatum: 2020
    ZDB Id: 2974531-7
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  • 8
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    N2O emissions and global warming potential as affected by water management and rice cultivar on an Alfisol in Arkansas, USA
    Elsevier BV ; 2018
    In:  Geoderma Regional Vol. 14 ( 2018-09), p. e00170-
    Details
    In: Geoderma Regional, Elsevier BV, Vol. 14 ( 2018-09), p. e00170-
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2352-0094
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.geodrs.2018.e00170
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Elsevier BV
    Publikationsdatum: 2018
    ZDB Id: 2830428-7
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  • 9
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    Figure S2: Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size
    PeerJ ; 2019
    In:  PeerJ Vol. 7 ( 2019-10-01), p. e7839-
    Details
    In: PeerJ, PeerJ, Vol. 7 ( 2019-10-01), p. e7839-
    Kurzfassung: Soil microorganisms are important for maintaining soil health, decomposing organic matter, and recycling nutrients in pasture systems. However, the impact of long-term conservation pasture management on soil microbial communities remains unclear. Therefore, soil microbiome responses to conservation pasture management is an important component of soil health, especially in the largest agricultural land-use in the US. The aim of this study was to identify soil microbiome community differences following 13-years of pasture management (hayed (no cattle), continuously grazed, rotationally grazed with a fenced, un-grazed and unfertilized buffer strip, and a control (no poultry litter or cattle manure inputs)). Since 2004, all pastures (excluding the control) received annual poultry litter at a rate of 5.6 Mg ha −1 . Soil samples were collected at a 0–15 cm depth from 2016–2017 either pre or post poultry litter applications, and bacterial communities were characterized using Illumina 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Overall, pasture management influenced soil microbial community structure, and effects were different by year ( P   〈  0.05). Soils receiving no poultry litter or cattle manure had the lowest richness (Chao). Continuously grazed systems had greater ( P   〈  0.05) soil community richness, which corresponded with greater soil pH and nutrients. Consequently, continuously grazed systems may increase soil diversity, owing to continuous nutrient-rich manure deposition; however, this management strategy may adversely affect aboveground plant communities and water quality. These results suggest conservation pasture management (e.g., rotationally grazed systems) may not improve microbial diversity, albeit, buffer strips were reduced nutrients and bacterial movement as evident by low diversity and fertility in these areas compared to areas with manure or poultry litter inputs. Overall, animal inputs (litter or manure) increased soil microbiome diversity and may be a mechanism for improved soil health.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2167-8359
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
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    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7839
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7839/fig-1
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7839/fig-2
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7839/fig-3
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7839/fig-4
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7839/fig-5
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7839/fig-6
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7839/table-1
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7839/table-2
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7839/table-3
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7839/supp-1
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7839/supp-2
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: PeerJ
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    ZDB Id: 2703241-3
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  • 10
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    Residual herbicide concentrations in on‐farm water storage–tailwater recovery systems: Preliminary assessment
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Agricultural & Environmental Letters Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2020-01)
    Details
    In: Agricultural & Environmental Letters, Wiley, Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2020-01)
    Kurzfassung: On‐farm water storage–tailwater recovery systems reduce groundwater usage and intercept agrochemical loads, but pesticide residue dynamics in these systems are not well understood. This study monitored concentrations of seven herbicides in seven northeast Arkansas tailwater recovery systems (April 2017–March 2018). Clomazone, glyphosate, metolachlor, and quinclorac were frequently detected, with minimal detections of 2,4‐D, dicamba, and propanil. Concentrations peaked during the growing season (1 Apr.–15 Sept.), reflecting an interaction of application and precipitation. Clomazone, glyphosate, and quinclorac concentrations were greater in ditches ( 〈 0.80–67,  〈 0.50–6.2, and  〈 0.40–62 μg L −1 , respectively) than in the associated reservoir ( 〈 0.80–6.0,  〈 0.50–4.1, and  〈 0.40–6.0 μg L −1 , respectively), but metolachlor concentrations were not different between structure types (maximum 22–32 μg L −1 ). Off‐season concentrations were mostly below detection, except for quinclorac. Cycling recovered tailwater through the system and irrigating from reservoirs may minimize risk of cross‐crop contaminations with residual herbicides. Managed groundwater recharge should use reservoir water during winter to protect groundwater quality.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2471-9625 , 2471-9625
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ael2.v5.1
    DOI: 10.1002/ael2.20009
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Wiley
    Publikationsdatum: 2020
    ZDB Id: 2866277-5
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