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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of chemical composition, water and temperature on physical properties of continental crust
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2015
    In:  Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems Vol. 16, No. 7 ( 2015-07), p. 2431-2449
    Details
    In: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 16, No. 7 ( 2015-07), p. 2431-2449
    Abstract: Proposed continental crust compositions result in different physical properties Phase reactions may cause crustal seismic discontinuities Inferring composition from geophysical data requires thermodynamic constraints
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1525-2027 , 1525-2027
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ggge.v16.7
    DOI: 10.1002/2015GC005819
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2015
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Thermochemical interpretation of 1‐D seismic data for the lower mantle: The significance of nonadiabatic thermal gradients and compositional heterogeneity
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2009
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth Vol. 114, No. B11 ( 2009-11)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 114, No. B11 ( 2009-11)
    Abstract: Equation‐of‐state (EOS) modeling, whereby the seismic properties of a specified thermochemical structure are constructed from mineral physics constraints, and compared with global seismic data, provides a potentially powerful tool for distinguishing between plausible mantle structures. However, previous such studies at lower mantle depths have been hampered by insufficient evaluation of mineral physics uncertainties, overestimation of seismic uncertainties, or biases in the type of seismic and/or mineral physics data used. This has led to a wide, often conflicting, variety of models being proposed for the average lower mantle structure. In this study, we perform a thorough reassessment of mineral physics and seismic data uncertainties. Uncertainties in both the type of EOS, and mineral elastic parameters, used are taken into account. From this analysis, it is evident that the seismic variability due to these uncertainties is predominantly controlled by only a small subset of the mineral parameters. Furthermore, although adiabatic pyrolite cannot be ruled out completely, it is problematic to explain seismic velocities and gradients at all depth intervals with such a structure, especially in the interval 1660–2000 km. We therefore consider a range of alternative thermal and chemical structures, and map out the sensitivity of average seismic velocities and gradients to deviations in temperature and composition. Compositional sensitivity is tested both in terms of plausible end‐member compositions (e.g., MORB, chondrite), and via changes in each of the five major mantle oxides, SiO 2 , MgO, FeO, CaO, and Al 2 O 3 . Fe enrichment reduces both P and S velocities significantly, while Si enrichment (and Mg depletion) increases P and S velocities, with a larger increase in P than in S . Using purely thermal deviations from adiabatic pyrolite, it remains difficult to explain simultaneously all seismic observations. A superadiabatic temperature gradient does improve the seismic fit in the lowermost mantle, but should be accompanied by concurrent bulk chemistry changes. Our results suggest that the most plausible way to alter bulk chemistry in the lowermost mantle, simultaneously fitting density, bulk velocity and shear velocity constraints, is an increasing contribution of a hot, basalt‐enriched component with depth.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2008JB006262
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2009
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Demographic, clinical, and service-use characteristics related to the clinician’s recommendation to transition from child to adult mental health services
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology Vol. 57, No. 5 ( 2022-05), p. 973-991
    Details
    In: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 57, No. 5 ( 2022-05), p. 973-991
    Abstract: The service configuration with distinct child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) and adult mental health services (AMHS) may be a barrier to continuity of care. Because of a lack of transition policy, CAMHS clinicians have to decide whether and when a young person should transition to AMHS. This study describes which characteristics are associated with the clinicians’ advice to continue treatment at AMHS. Methods Demographic, family, clinical, treatment, and service-use characteristics of the MILESTONE cohort of 763 young people from 39 CAMHS in Europe were assessed using multi-informant and standardized assessment tools. Logistic mixed models were fitted to assess the relationship between these characteristics and clinicians’ transition recommendations. Results Young people with higher clinician-rated severity of psychopathology scores, with self- and parent-reported need for ongoing treatment, with lower everyday functional skills and without self-reported psychotic experiences were more likely to be recommended to continue treatment. Among those who had been recommended to continue treatment, young people who used psychotropic medication, who had been in CAMHS for more than a year, and for whom appropriate AMHS were available were more likely to be recommended to continue treatment at AMHS. Young people whose parents indicated a need for ongoing treatment were more likely to be recommended to stay in CAMHS. Conclusion Although the decision regarding continuity of treatment was mostly determined by a small set of clinical characteristics, the recommendation to continue treatment at AMHS was mostly affected by service-use related characteristics, such as the availability of appropriate services.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0933-7954 , 1433-9285
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s00127-022-02238-6
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1463160-X
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Synthetic seismic signature of thermal mantle plumes
    Elsevier BV ; 2004
    In:  Earth and Planetary Science Letters Vol. 218, No. 3-4 ( 2004-2), p. 403-419
    Details
    In: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Elsevier BV, Vol. 218, No. 3-4 ( 2004-2), p. 403-419
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-821X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00680-0
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2004
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466659-5
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Inferring the thermochemical structure of the upper mantle from seismic data
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2009
    In:  Geophysical Journal International Vol. 179, No. 2 ( 2009-11), p. 1169-1185
    Details
    In: Geophysical Journal International, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 179, No. 2 ( 2009-11), p. 1169-1185
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0956-540X , 1365-246X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/gji.2009.179.issue-2
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2009.04338.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2009
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 6
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    Earthquake Characteristics and Structural Properties of the Southern Tyrrhenian Basin from Full Seismic Wave Simulations
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Surveys in Geophysics Vol. 44, No. 4 ( 2023-08), p. 925-945
    Details
    In: Surveys in Geophysics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 44, No. 4 ( 2023-08), p. 925-945
    Abstract: Modelling the response of seismic wavefields to sharp lateral variations in crustal discontinuities is essential for seismic tomography application and path effects correction in earthquake source characterization. This is particularly relevant when wavefields cross back-arc oceanic basins, i.e. mixed continental-oceanic settings. High-frequency ( 〉 0.05 Hz) seismic waves resonate and get absorbed across these settings due to a shallow Moho, crustal heterogeneities, and energy leakage. Here, we provide the first high-frequency wave-equation model of full seismograms propagating through realistic 3D back-arc basins. Inversion by parameters trial based on correlation analyses identifies P-, S- and coda-wave as attributes able to estimate jointly 3D Moho variations, sediment thickness, and earthquake source characteristics using data from a single regional earthquake. We use as data waveforms produced by the Accumoli earthquake (Central Italy, 2016), propagating across the Southern Tyrrhenian basin and recorded across Southern Italy. The best model comprises a deep Moho ( $$\sim$$ ∼ 18 km) in the middle of the basin and a crustal pinch with the continental crust in Sicily. The deep Moho corresponds to the Issel Bridge, a portion of continental crust trapped between the Vavilov and Marsili volcanic centres. The Accumoli earthquake is optimally described at a depth of 7.3 km using a boxcar with rise time of 6 s. Our results show that the early S-wave coda comprises trapped and reverberating phases sensitive to crustal interfaces. Forward modelling these waves is computationally expensive; however, adding these attributes to tomographic procedures allows modelling both source and structural parameters across oceanic basins.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0169-3298 , 1573-0956
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10712-023-09769-w
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Rayleigh-wave attenuation across the conterminous United States in the microseism frequency band
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2021-05-12)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2021-05-12)
    Abstract: Mapping variations in the attenuation of seismic energy is important for understanding dissipative mechanisms in the lithosphere, and for modeling ground shaking associated with earthquakes. We cross-correlate ambient seismic signal recorded across the EarthScope Transportable Array in the 3–15 s period range. We apply to the resulting cross correlations a new method to estimate lateral variations in Rayleigh-wave attenuation, as a function of period, beneath North America. Between 3 and 6 s, our maps are dominated by a strong eastward decrease in attenuation. This pattern vanishes at longer periods, confirming early observations based on regional earthquakes. Attenuation maps and phase-velocity maps are anti-correlated at periods between 3 and 6 s, but the anti-correlation is also largely lost at longer periods. This corresponds to the attenuation coefficient decreasing with period more rapidly in the west than in the east, while the change in phase velocity with period is more uniform across the continent. Our results point to a transition in the properties of upper-crustal materials with depth, probably related to the closure of fluid-filled cracks and pores, and imply that measures of attenuation from seismic noise carry significant information on crustal rheology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89497-6
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Inferring upper-mantle temperatures from seismic velocities
    Elsevier BV ; 2003
    In:  Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors Vol. 138, No. 3-4 ( 2003-8), p. 197-222
    Details
    In: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Elsevier BV, Vol. 138, No. 3-4 ( 2003-8), p. 197-222
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0031-9201
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9201(03)00156-0
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2003
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Insights into the nature of the transition zone from physically constrained inversion of long-period seismic data
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2007
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 104, No. 22 ( 2007-05-29), p. 9139-9144
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 104, No. 22 ( 2007-05-29), p. 9139-9144
    Abstract: Imposing a thermal and compositional significance to the outcome of the inversion of seismic data facilitates their interpretation. Using long-period seismic waveforms and an inversion approach that includes constraints from mineral physics, we find that lateral variations of temperature can explain a large part of the data in the upper mantle. The additional compositional signature of cratons emerges in the global model as well. Above 300 km, we obtain seismic geotherms that span the range of expected temperatures in various tectonic regions. Absolute velocities and gradients with depth are well constrained by the seismic data throughout the upper mantle, except near discontinuities. The seismic data are consistent with a slower transition zone and an overall faster shallow upper mantle, which is not compatible with a homogenous dry pyrolite composition. A gradual enrichment with depth in a garnet-rich component helps to reduce the observed discrepancies. A hydrated transition zone would help to lower the velocities in the transition zone, but it does not explain the seismic structure above it.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0608075104
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2007
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    SSG: 11
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Geophysical Investigations of Habitability in Ice‐Covered Ocean Worlds
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets Vol. 123, No. 1 ( 2018-01), p. 180-205
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 123, No. 1 ( 2018-01), p. 180-205
    Abstract: We examine possible ice thicknesses, mineralogy, and porosity in icy ocean worlds consistent with spacecraft and thermodynamic data We identify available and needed thermodynamics of ices, oceans, silicates, and metals We examine the influences of ocean composition and depth‐dependent ocean density on tidal dissipation
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2169-9097 , 2169-9100
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jgre.v123.1
    DOI: 10.1002/2017JE005341
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2018
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    SSG: 16,13
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