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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cognitive Reserve Moderates the Effects of Fatigue and Depressive Symptoms in Multiple Sclerosis
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology ( 2023-06-02)
    Details
    In: Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, Oxford University Press (OUP), ( 2023-06-02)
    Abstract: To investigate cognitive reserve as a possible moderator in the relationship between fatigue and depressive symptoms in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Fifty-three PwMS (37 female; mean age, 52.66; mean education, 14.81) completed comprehensive neuropsychological testing and psychosocial questionnaires assessing the perceived effects of fatigue (Fatigue Impact Scale) and depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory-Fast Screen). Cognitive reserve (CR) was operationalized as Fixed CR and Malleable CR. Fixed CR was quantified as the standardized mean of years of education and a vocabulary-based estimate of premorbid intelligence. Malleable CR was quantified as the standardized mean of cognitive exertion, exercise, and socializing items from the Cognitive Health Questionnaire. Regressions on depressive symptoms examining fatigue, both conceptualizations of CR, and their interactions were explored. A Bonferroni correction was used; results were considered significant at an alpha level of p  & lt; .01. The interactions between fatigue and both conceptualizations of CR were significant, p = .005 (Fixed CR); p = .004 (Malleable CR). Simple effects tests revealed that fatigue only predicted depressive symptoms in PwMS with low Fixed CR or low Malleable CR (p’s  & lt; .001), and not in those with high Fixed or high Malleable CR (p  & gt; .01). Cognitive reserve moderated the relationship between fatigue and depressive symptoms in PwMS. Specifically, fatigue does not appear to influence depression in PwMS with high cognitive reserve. Having higher cognitive reserve (either Fixed or Malleable) may reduce the likelihood that fatigue will lead to depressive symptoms in MS.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1873-5843
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acad041
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2003528-7
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Vitamin D and Long-Term Memory in Multiple Sclerosis
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2013
    In:  Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Vol. 26, No. 3 ( 2013-09), p. 155-160
    Details
    In: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 26, No. 3 ( 2013-09), p. 155-160
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1543-3633
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000009
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2063084-0
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Factors Associated with Employment Status in Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
    Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers ; 2015
    In:  International Journal of MS Care Vol. 17, No. 6 ( 2015-11-01), p. 284-291
    Details
    In: International Journal of MS Care, Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers, Vol. 17, No. 6 ( 2015-11-01), p. 284-291
    Abstract: Background: Unemployment is common in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) and is associated with substantial socioeconomic burden. Several MS-related factors have been found to be associated with employment status, including fatigue, depression, cognitive problems, and motor difficulties. However, few studies have examined these factors collectively in predicting employment. The present study aimed to explore these variables together in predicting employment status in MS. Methods: Fifty-three individuals with MS participating in a research study of cognitive, emotional, and social factors related to MS were examined. Composite scores were created using factor analysis that represented cognition, fatigue, depression, and motor function. These composite scores, along with the Expanded Disability Status Scale score, were explored as predictors of employment status (working, not working) via logistic regression. Models of mediation were also investigated. Results: A model including composite scores of motor function, cognition, depression, and fatigue significantly distinguished those who are unemployed versus employed. However, only the cognitive, motor, and fatigue composite scores were found to be significantly associated with unemployment individually. Results of a mediation analysis using 1000 bootstrap samples indicated that the cognitive and fatigue composite scores significantly mediated the effect of disability on work status. Conclusions: Cognitive function and fatigue mediate the effect of MS disability on employment status. Interventions targeting cognitive difficulties and fatigue in MS may be effective in helping individuals maintain employment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1537-2073
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7224/1537-2073.2014-057
    Language: English
    Publisher: Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2128700-4
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Memory integration in amnesia: Prior knowledge supports verbal short-term memory
    Elsevier BV ; 2015
    In:  Neuropsychologia Vol. 70 ( 2015-04), p. 272-280
    Details
    In: Neuropsychologia, Elsevier BV, Vol. 70 ( 2015-04), p. 272-280
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0028-3932
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.02.004
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1500656-6
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Perceived Fatigue Impact and Cognitive Variability in Multiple Sclerosis
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2022
    In:  Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society Vol. 28, No. 3 ( 2022-03), p. 281-291
    Details
    In: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 28, No. 3 ( 2022-03), p. 281-291
    Abstract: People with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS) and healthy controls (HCs) were evaluated on cognitive variability indices and we examined the relationship between fatigue and cognitive variability between these groups. Intraindividual variability (IIV) on a neuropsychological test battery was hypothesized to mediate the group differences expected in fatigue. Method: Fifty-nine PwMS and 51 HCs completed a psychosocial interview and battery of neuropsychological tests and questionnaires during a 1-day visit. Fatigue in this study was measured with the Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS), a self-report multidimensional measure of fatigue. IIV was operationalized using two different measures, a maximum discrepancy score (MDS) and intraindividual standard deviation (ISD), in two cognitive domains, memory and attention/processing speed. Two mediation analyses with group (PwMS or HCs) as the independent variable, variability composite (memory or attention/processing speed) measures as the mediators, total residual fatigue (after accounting for age) as the outcome, and depression as a covariate were conducted. The Baron and Kenny approach to testing mediation and the PROCESS macro for testing the strength of the indirect effect were used. Results: Results of a mediation analysis using 5000 bootstrap samples indicated that IIV in domains of both attention/processing speed and memory significantly mediated the effect of patient status on total residual fatigue. Conclusion: IIV is an objective performance measure that is related to differences in fatigue impact between PwMS and HCs. PwMS experience more variability across tests of attention/processing speed and memory and this experience of variable performance may increase the impact of fatigue.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1355-6177 , 1469-7661
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1355617721000230
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2000018-2
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Neuroprotective Effects of Vitamin D in Multiple Sclerosis
    Scientific Research Publishing, Inc. ; 2011
    In:  Neuroscience and Medicine Vol. 02, No. 03 ( 2011), p. 198-207
    Details
    In: Neuroscience and Medicine, Scientific Research Publishing, Inc., Vol. 02, No. 03 ( 2011), p. 198-207
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2158-2912 , 2158-2947
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4236/nm.2011.23027
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2616888-1
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Using Domain Redefinition to explain Born Global Firms’ Behaviour
    Academic Conferences International Ltd ; 2022
    In:  European Conference on Knowledge Management Vol. 23, No. 2 ( 2022-08-25), p. 1356-1358
    Details
    In: European Conference on Knowledge Management, Academic Conferences International Ltd, Vol. 23, No. 2 ( 2022-08-25), p. 1356-1358
    Abstract: Many academics cite research gaps in the literature concerning the strategies used by Born Global (BG) organisations to enable competitive advantage and business continuance. (Andersson et al 2020; Eggers et al, 2020; Ibeh et al, 2019; Oyna and Alon, 2018). For the purposes of this paper, the definition of the Born Global is taken from Gabrielsson et al, (2008): “the organisation should be an independent small or medium sized business, have a global vision from inception and demonstrate  internationalisation with precocity and speed”. Purpose This paper investigates Domain Redefinition (DR) a component of Corporate Entrepreneurship (CE),  as a viable construct to explain competitive advantage and business sustainment in Born Global Firms (BG).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2048-8971 , 2048-8963
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.34190/eckm.23.2.678
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Academic Conferences International Ltd
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy programme to reduce depressive symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis: a multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial
    Elsevier BV ; 2023
    In:  The Lancet Digital Health Vol. 5, No. 10 ( 2023-10), p. e668-e678
    Details
    In: The Lancet Digital Health, Elsevier BV, Vol. 5, No. 10 ( 2023-10), p. e668-e678
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2589-7500
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S2589-7500(23)00109-7
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2972368-1
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A-115 Does Cognitive Reserve Moderate Functional Outcomes for Collegiate Athletes with Sports-Related Concussion?
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology Vol. 36, No. 6 ( 2021-08-31), p. 1165-1165
    Details
    In: Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 36, No. 6 ( 2021-08-31), p. 1165-1165
    Abstract: Studies are lacking that examine whether cognitive reserve (CR) plays a role in differential outcomes for individuals in sports-related concussion (SRC), particularly within the acute phase. This study explored the relationship between CR (WTAR FSIQ), concussion severity (total PCSS score), and three separate outcome measures: cognitive functioning, return-to-play (RTP) time, and depression symptoms. Method The total sample included 175 (Males = 131, Females = 44) student-athletes at a Division I University, but only a subset of participants had RTP data available (N = 72; Males = 57, Females = 15). Regression analyses were conducted with CR, PCSS, and their interaction as the main predictor variables for the three separate dependent variables (neurocognitive composite, days to RTP, and BDI-FS total). Sex was found to be significantly related to the neurocognitive variable and the RTP variable and was included in those analyses as a covariate. Results For the first regression predicting neurocognitive performance, sex (t = 4.63, p  & lt; 0.001) was the only significant predictor. For the second regression predicting depression symptoms, PCSS (t = 4.52, p  & lt; 0.001) was the only significant predictor. For the third regression predicting RTP time, sex (t = 3.77, p  & lt; 0.001) was the only significant predictor. Conclusion Our results did not support a significant moderating effect of CR on the relationship between concussion symptom severity and our three outcome measures (cognitive performance, depression symptoms, RTP time). However, sex appeared to be an important predictor for neurocognitive performance, with females performing significantly higher on average than males, and for RTP times, with females having significantly longer RTP times than males.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1873-5843
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acab062.133
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Coping Style Moderates the Effect of Pain on Depression Symptoms in Multiple Sclerosis
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology Vol. 37, No. 7 ( 2022-10-19), p. 1515-1526
    Details
    In: Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 37, No. 7 ( 2022-10-19), p. 1515-1526
    Abstract: The present study examined coping style as a possible moderator in the relationship between pain and depression in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Methods Fifty-four PwMS completed a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery and psychosocial questionnaires that assessed physical, cognitive, and emotional functioning. Using four pain indices (i.e., average pain, current pain, pain intensity, and pain interference) from the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), an overall pain index was created to capture a more comprehensive index of individuals’ overall pain intensity and interference. The COPE questionnaire was used to derive three coping indices: active coping, avoidant coping, and a composite cope index that accounts for the relative contributions of both active and avoidant coping. The Beck Depression Inventory-Fast Screen (BDI-FS) was used to measure depressive symptomatology. A series of hierarchical linear regressions were conducted with depressive symptoms as the outcome variable. Results Regression analyses revealed that the interactions between overall pain and each conceptualization of coping were significant (p = .001–.003). Simple effects tests revealed that overall pain only predicted depressive symptoms in PwMS with low active coping (p  & lt; .001), high avoidant coping (p  & lt; .001), and less adaptive coping via the composite coping index (p  & lt; .001). Conclusion We found that pain predicted depressive symptoms in PwMS who utilized more avoidant and less active coping strategies. Interventions aimed to improve coping style may be effective in enhancing the ability to manage pain and, subsequently, improve depression outcomes in MS.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1873-5843
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acac025
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2003528-7
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