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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Antarctic phytoplankton community composition and size structure: importance of ice type and temperature as regulatory factors
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  Polar Biology Vol. 42, No. 11 ( 2019-11), p. 1997-2015
    Details
    In: Polar Biology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 42, No. 11 ( 2019-11), p. 1997-2015
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0722-4060 , 1432-2056
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s00300-019-02576-3
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478942-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 584850-7
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Control of Antarctic phytoplankton community composition and standing stock by light availability
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Polar Biology Vol. 45, No. 11 ( 2022-11), p. 1635-1653
    Details
    In: Polar Biology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 45, No. 11 ( 2022-11), p. 1635-1653
    Abstract: Southern Ocean phytoplankton are especially subjected to pronounced seasonal and interannual changes in light availability. Although previous studies have examined the role of light in these environments, very few combined pigment-based taxonomy with flow cytometry to better discriminate the light response of various phytoplankton groups. In particular the different populations within the diverse and important taxonomic group of diatoms require further investigation. Six incubation experiments (9–10 days) were performed during the main productive period with natural seawater collected at the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Standing stock of Phaeocystis spp. cells displayed relatively fast accumulation under all levels of light (low, medium, high; 4–7, 30–50 and 150–200 µmol quanta m −2  s −1 ), whilst the small- and larger-sized diatom populations (4.5 and 20 µm diameter) exhibited faster accumulation in medium and high light. In contrast, intermediate-sized diatoms (11.5 µm diameter) displayed fastest net growth under low light, subsequently dominating the phytoplankton community. Low light was a key factor limiting accumulation and peak phytoplankton biomass, except one incubation displaying relatively high accumulation rates under low light. The 3-week low-light period prior to experimentation likely allowed adaptation to maximize achievable growth and seems a strong determinant of whether the different natural Antarctic phytoplankton populations sustain, thrive or decline. Our study provides improved insight into how light intensity modulates the net response of key Antarctic phytoplankton, both between and within taxonomic groups.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0722-4060 , 1432-2056
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s00300-022-03094-5
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478942-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 584850-7
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Phytoplankton chlorophyll 〈i〉a〈/i〉 biomass, composition, and productivity along a temperature and stratification gradient in the northeast Atlantic Ocean
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2013
    In:  Biogeosciences Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2013-06-25), p. 4227-4240
    Details
    In: Biogeosciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2013-06-25), p. 4227-4240
    Abstract: Abstract. Relationships between sea surface temperature (SST, 〉 10 m) and vertical density stratification, nutrient concentrations, and phytoplankton biomass, composition, and chlorophyll a (Chl a) specific absorption were assessed in spring and summer from latitudes 29 to 63° N in the northeast Atlantic Ocean. The goal of this study was to identify relationships between phytoplankton and abiotic factors in an existing SST and stratification gradient. Furthermore, a bio-optical model was used to estimate productivity for five phytoplankton groups. Nutrient concentration (integrated from 0 to 125 m) was inversely correlated with SST in spring and summer. SST was also inversely correlated with near-surface (0–50 m) Chl a and productivity for stratified stations. Near-surface Chl a and productivity showed exponential relationships with SST. Chl a specific absorption and excess light experiments indicated photoacclimation to lower irradiance in spring as compared to summer. In addition, Chl a specific absorption suggested that phytoplankton size decreased in summer. The contribution of cyanobacteria to water column productivity of stratified stations correlated positively with SST and inversely with nutrient concentration. This suggests that a rise in SST (over a 13–23 °C range) stimulates productivity by cyanobacteria at the expense of haptophytes, which showed an inverse relationship to SST. At higher latitudes, where rising SST may prolong the stratified season, haptophyte productivity may expand at the expense of diatom productivity. Depth-integrated Chl a (0–410 m) was greatest in the spring at higher latitudes, where stratification in the upper 200 m was weakest. This suggests that stronger stratification does not necessarily result in higher phytoplankton biomass standing stock in this region.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4189
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-10-4227-2013
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-10-4227-2013-supplement
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2158181-2
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  • 4
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    Acquisition of intact polar lipids from the prymnesiophyte 〈i〉Phaeocystis globosa〈/i〉 by its lytic virus PgV-07T
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2014
    In:  Biogeosciences Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2014-01-14), p. 185-194
    Details
    In: Biogeosciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2014-01-14), p. 185-194
    Abstract: Abstract. Recent studies showed changes in phytoplankton lipid composition during viral infection and have indicated roles for specific lipids in the mechanisms of algal virus-host interaction. To investigate the generality of these findings and obtain a better understanding of the allocation of specific lipids to viruses, we studied the intact polar lipid (IPL) composition of virally infected and non-infected cultures of the prymnesiophyte Phaeocystis globosa G(A) and its lytic virus PgV-07T. The P. globosa IPL composition was relatively stable over a diel cycle and not strongly affected by viral infection. Glycolipids, phospholipids and betaine lipids were present in both the host and virus, although specific groups such as the diacylglyceryl-hydroxymethyltrimethyl-β-alanines and the sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols, were present in a lower proportion or were not detected in the virus. Viral glycosphingolipids (vGSLs), which have been shown to play a role in the infection strategy of the virus EhV-86, infecting the prymnesiophyte Emiliania huxleyi CCMP374, were not encountered. Our results show that the involvement of lipids in virus–algal host interactions can be very different amongst virus–algal host systems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4189
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-11-185-2014
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-11-185-2014-supplement
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2158181-2
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Effect of CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 enrichment on bacterial metabolism in an Arctic fjord
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2013
    In:  Biogeosciences Vol. 10, No. 5 ( 2013-05-15), p. 3285-3296
    Details
    In: Biogeosciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 10, No. 5 ( 2013-05-15), p. 3285-3296
    Abstract: Abstract. The anthropogenic increase of carbon dioxide (CO2) alters the seawater carbonate chemistry, with a decline of pH and an increase in the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2). Although bacteria play a major role in carbon cycling, little is known about the impact of rising pCO2 on bacterial carbon metabolism, especially for natural bacterial communities. In this study, we investigated the effect of rising pCO2 on bacterial production (BP), bacterial respiration (BR) and bacterial carbon metabolism during a mesocosm experiment performed in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard) in 2010. Nine mesocosms with pCO2 levels ranging from ca. 180 to 1400 μatm were deployed in the fjord and monitored for 30 days. Generally BP gradually decreased in all mesocosms in an initial phase, showed a large (3.6-fold average) but temporary increase on day 10, and increased slightly after inorganic nutrient addition. Over the wide range of pCO2 investigated, the patterns in BP and growth rate of bulk and free-living communities were generally similar over time. However, BP of the bulk community significantly decreased with increasing pCO2 after nutrient addition (day 14). In addition, increasing pCO2 enhanced the leucine to thymidine (Leu : TdR) ratio at the end of experiment, suggesting that pCO2 may alter the growth balance of bacteria. Stepwise multiple regression analysis suggests that multiple factors, including pCO2, explained the changes of BP, growth rate and Leu : TdR ratio at the end of the experiment. In contrast to BP, no clear trend and effect of changes of pCO2 was observed for BR, bacterial carbon demand and bacterial growth efficiency. Overall, the results suggest that changes in pCO2 potentially influence bacterial production, growth rate and growth balance rather than the conversion of dissolved organic matter into CO2.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4189
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-10-3285-2013
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2158181-2
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Reply to: Caution in inferring viral strategies from abundance correlations in marine metagenomes
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  Nature Communications Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2019-01-30)
    Details
    In: Nature Communications, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2019-01-30)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-1723
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08286-4
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2553671-0
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  • 7
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    Dynamics of nutrients, total organic carbon, prokaryotes and viruses in onboard incubations of cold-water corals
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2011
    In:  Biogeosciences Vol. 8, No. 9 ( 2011-09-14), p. 2609-2620
    Details
    In: Biogeosciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 8, No. 9 ( 2011-09-14), p. 2609-2620
    Abstract: Abstract. The potential influence of the cold-water corals (CWCs) Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata on the dynamics of inorganic nutrient and total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations and the abundances of prokaryotes and viruses in bottom water was assessed in onboard incubation experiments. Ammonium, nitrite, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) and TOC concentrations and N:P ratios were typically higher in incubation water with corals than in controls, whereas nitrate concentrations did not reveal a clear trend. Mucus release (normalized to coral surface) was estimated by the net increase rate of TOC concentrations and averaged 23 ± 6 mg C m−2 h−1 for L. pertusa and 21 ± 8 mg C m−2 h−1 for M. oculata. Prokaryotic and viral abundance and turnover rates were typically stimulated in incubation water with corals. This estimated prokaryotic stimulation averaged 6.0 ± 3.0 × 109 cells m−2 h−1 for L. pertusa and 8.4 ± 2.9 × 109 cells m−2 h−1 for M. oculata, whereas the estimated viral stimulation averaged 15.6 ± 12.7 × 109 particles m−2 h−1 for L. pertusa and 4.3 ± 0.4 × 109 particles m−2 h−1 M. oculata. Our data suggest that prokaryotes and viruses are released from corals and that nutrient and mucus release enhanced prokaryotic and viral production. The result of this stimulation could be a fuelling of bottom water in CWC reefs with nutrients and organic matter and consequently an enhancement of microbe-mediated processes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4189
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-8-2609-2011
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2158181-2
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Isolation and Phylogenetic Analysis of Novel Viruses Infecting the Phytoplankton Phaeocystis globosa (Prymnesiophyceae)
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2004
    In:  Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 70, No. 6 ( 2004-06), p. 3700-3705
    Details
    In: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 70, No. 6 ( 2004-06), p. 3700-3705
    Abstract: Viruses infecting the harmful bloom-causing alga Phaeocystis globosa (Prymnesiophyceae) were readily isolated from Dutch coastal waters (southern North Sea) in 2000 and 2001. Our data show a large increase in the abundance of putative P. globosa viruses during blooms of P. globosa , suggesting that viruses are an important source of mortality for this alga. In order to examine genetic relatedness among viruses infecting P. globosa and other phytoplankton, DNA polymerase gene ( pol ) fragments were amplified and the inferred amino acid sequences were phylogenetically analyzed. The results demonstrated that viruses infecting P. globosa formed a closely related monophyletic group within the family Phycodnaviridae , with at least 96.9% similarity to each other. The sequences grouped most closely with others from viruses that infect the prymnesiophyte algae Chrysochromulina brevifilum and Chrysochromulina strobilus . Whether the P. globosa viruses belong to the genus Prymnesiovirus or form a separate group needs further study. Our data suggest that, like their phytoplankton hosts, the Chrysochromulina and Phaeocystis viruses share a common ancestor and that these prymnesioviruses and their algal host have coevolved.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0099-2240 , 1098-5336
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.6.3700-3705.2004
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 223011-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478346-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Response of halocarbons to ocean acidification in the Arctic
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2013
    In:  Biogeosciences Vol. 10, No. 4 ( 2013-04-08), p. 2331-2345
    Details
    In: Biogeosciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 10, No. 4 ( 2013-04-08), p. 2331-2345
    Abstract: Abstract. The potential effect of ocean acidification (OA) on seawater halocarbons in the Arctic was investigated during a mesocosm experiment in Spitsbergen in June–July 2010. Over a period of 5 weeks, natural phytoplankton communities in nine ~ 50 m3 mesocosms were studied under a range of pCO2 treatments from ~ 185 μatm to ~ 1420 μatm. In general, the response of halocarbons to pCO2 was subtle, or undetectable. A large number of significant correlations with a range of biological parameters (chlorophyll a, microbial plankton community, phytoplankton pigments) were identified, indicating a biological control on the concentrations of halocarbons within the mesocosms. The temporal dynamics of iodomethane (CH3I) alluded to active turnover of this halocarbon in the mesocosms and strong significant correlations with biological parameters suggested a biological source. However, despite a pCO2 effect on various components of the plankton community, and a strong association between CH3I and biological parameters, no effect of pCO2 was seen in CH3I. Diiodomethane (CH2I2) displayed a number of strong relationships with biological parameters. Furthermore, the concentrations, the rate of net production and the sea-to-air flux of CH2I2 showed a significant positive response to pCO2. There was no clear effect of pCO2 on bromocarbon concentrations or dynamics. However, periods of significant net loss of bromoform (CHBr3) were found to be concentration-dependent, and closely correlated with total bacteria, suggesting a degree of biological consumption of this halocarbon in Arctic waters. Although the effects of OA on halocarbon concentrations were marginal, this study provides invaluable information on the production and cycling of halocarbons in a region of the world's oceans likely to experience rapid environmental change in the coming decades.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4189
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-10-2331-2013
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2158181-2
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Arctic microbial community dynamics influenced by elevated CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 levels
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2013
    In:  Biogeosciences Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2013-02-01), p. 719-731
    Details
    In: Biogeosciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2013-02-01), p. 719-731
    Abstract: Abstract. The Arctic Ocean ecosystem is particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification (OA) related alterations due to the relatively high CO2 solubility and low carbonate saturation states of its cold surface waters. Thus far, however, there is only little known about the consequences of OA on the base of the food web. In a mesocosm CO2-enrichment experiment (overall CO2 levels ranged from ~ 180 to 1100 μatm) in Kongsfjorden off Svalbard, we studied the consequences of OA on a natural pelagic microbial community. OA distinctly affected the composition and growth of the Arctic phytoplankton community, i.e. the picoeukaryotic photoautotrophs and to a lesser extent the nanophytoplankton thrived. A shift towards the smallest phytoplankton as a result of OA will have direct consequences for the structure and functioning of the pelagic food web and thus for the biogeochemical cycles. Besides being grazed, the dominant pico- and nanophytoplankton groups were found prone to viral lysis, thereby shunting the carbon accumulation in living organisms into the dissolved pools of organic carbon and subsequently affecting the efficiency of the biological pump in these Arctic waters.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4189
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-10-719-2013
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2158181-2
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