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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2019
    In:  Nicotine & Tobacco Research Vol. 21, No. 12 ( 2019-11-19), p. 1621-1628
    In: Nicotine & Tobacco Research, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 21, No. 12 ( 2019-11-19), p. 1621-1628
    Abstract: Prior studies have identified cigarette smoking and low fitness as independent risk factors for injury; however, no studies have evaluated the combined effect of cigarette smoking and fitness on injury risk. Objective To evaluate the combined effect of cigarette smoking and fitness on injury risk in men and women. Design This is a secondary analysis of data collected from US Army recruits (n = 2000) during basic combat training within the United States in 2007. Physical training and fitness, cigarette smoking, and prior injury data were obtained from questionnaires, whereas demographic and injury data were obtained from medical and basic combat training unit records. Chi-squared tests were used to assess differences in injury risk by fitness level and cigarette smoking. Relative risk values were calculated with 95% confidence intervals. Results The primary findings showed that smokers experienced 20%–30% higher risk of injury than nonsmokers. In addition, higher aerobic and muscular fitness was generally not protective against injury between least fit and more fit smokers. However, higher fitness was protective against injury between least and more fit nonsmokers, with least fit nonsmokers being 30%–50% more likely to experience an injury than fit nonsmokers. Conclusion This study revealed that higher aerobic and muscular fitness was not protective against injury among smokers; however, it was protective against injury among nonsmokers. Further implementation of smoking cessation programs may be beneficial for military and civilian personnel who are required to be physically fit in order to carry out their job responsibilities. Implications Male and female smokers experienced significantly higher risk of injury than nonsmokers. Although higher fitness is protective against injury in nonsmokers, the protective effect of fitness is lost among smokers. In an attempt to reduce injury risk among military and emergency personnel, smoking cessation programs should be further implemented among both more fit and less fit smokers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1462-2203 , 1469-994X
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020202-7
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  American Journal of Industrial Medicine Vol. 65, No. 5 ( 2022-05), p. 396-408
    In: American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Wiley, Vol. 65, No. 5 ( 2022-05), p. 396-408
    Abstract: Male workers in the US construction industry have a higher suicide rate than other workers in the nation. However, related research on this population remains sparse. This study evaluated psychological distress and suicidal ideation in these workers, and possible underlying factors. Methods Data from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health from 2008 to 2014 were analyzed. Stratified and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine factors associated with psychological distress and suicidal ideation among male construction workers aged ≥18 years ( n  = 12,034). Results Nearly one‐third (29.6%) of male construction workers in the United States experienced psychological distress (23.8% graded as moderate, 5.8% as severe), and 2.5% reported suicidal ideation in the past year. Higher odds of serious psychological distress and suicidal ideation were found among workers who were younger, worked part‐time, missed workdays due to injury or illness, or were in poor health. Illicit opioid use (odds ratio [OR]  = 1.87, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22–2.89) and alcohol dependence or abuse (OR = 2.64, 95% CI: 1.74–3.99) significantly escalated the odds of suicidal ideation. The odds of suicidal ideation among workers with serious psychological distress were 33 times higher than those having no or minor psychological distress (OR = 32.91, 95% CI: 19.82–54.65) when other factors were constant. Conclusions Occupational and nonoccupational factors were associated with constructionworkers’ psychological distress and suicidal ideation. Both illicit opioid use and alcohol dependence or abuse were risk factors, and psychological distress was a strong predictor for suicidal ideation. To improve workers’ mental health, it is necessary to integrate workplace injury prevention with illicit opioid‐use reduction programs and suicide prevention.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0271-3586 , 1097-0274
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491156-5
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  American Journal of Industrial Medicine Vol. 63, No. 10 ( 2020-10), p. 868-877
    In: American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Wiley, Vol. 63, No. 10 ( 2020-10), p. 868-877
    Abstract: Construction workers are among the segments of the US population that were hit hardest by the opioid prescription and overdose deaths in the past decades. Factors that underlie opioid use in construction workers have been compartmentalized and isolated in existing studies of opioid use and opioid overdose, but they ignore the overall context of their use. This study examines prescription opioid use and its association with a variety of occupational and nonoccupational factors in construction workers in the United States. Methods Data from the 2011‐2017 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (n = 7994) were analyzed. The prevalence of prescribed opioid use and the association with occupational and nonoccupational characteristics among construction workers were examined in four multiple logistic regression models. Results The odds of prescription opioid use for workers with occupational injuries was more than triple that of their noninjured counterparts when demographics and occupational factors were controlled (odds ratio = 3.38, 95% confidence interval: 2.38‐4.81). Odds of prescription opioid use were higher in older construction workers, workers who were white, non‐Hispanic, working part‐time, and in poorer health, while Hispanic workers and those without health insurance were much less likely to report prescription opioid use. Conclusions Prescription opioid use among construction workers encompasses both occupational and nonoccupational factors. As an insight into opioid use among construction workers becomes clearer, effectively responding to the opioid crisis remains a challenge.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0271-3586 , 1097-0274
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491156-5
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Informa UK Limited ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene Vol. 18, No. 4-5 ( 2021-05-04), p. 159-168
    In: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 18, No. 4-5 ( 2021-05-04), p. 159-168
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1545-9624 , 1545-9632
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2142402-0
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Public Health Association ; 2022
    In:  American Journal of Public Health Vol. 112, No. S1 ( 2022-02), p. S77-S87
    In: American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, Vol. 112, No. S1 ( 2022-02), p. S77-S87
    Abstract: Objectives. To examine prescription opioid and nonopioid analgesic use among US construction workers and their associations with pain conditions and sociodemographic factors. Methods. We analyzed data for about 9000 (weighted 11.5 million per year) construction workers who responded to the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey from 2011 to 2018. We applied both descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression procedures in the analyses. Results. An estimated 1.2 million (10.0%) of construction workers used prescription opioid analgesics annually. The adjusted odds of prescription opioid use were significantly higher for workers suffering from work-related injuries (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.82; 95% confidence interval [CI]  = 2.72, 5.37), non‒work-related injuries (AOR = 3.37; 95% CI = 2.54, 4.46), and musculoskeletal disorders (AOR = 2.31; 95% CI = 1.80, 2.95) after we controlled for potential confounders. Adjusted odds of prescription opioid use were also higher among workers with poorer physical health (AOR = 1.95; 95% CI = 1.42, 2.69) or mental health disorders (AOR = 1.95; 95% CI = 1.41, 2.68). Conclusions. Work- and non‒work-related injuries and musculoskeletal disorders significantly increased prescription opioid use among construction workers. To prevent opioid use disorders, multipronged strategies should be approached. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(S1):S77–S87. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306510 )
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0090-0036 , 1541-0048
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Public Health Association
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2054583-6
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2020
    In:  Public Health Nutrition Vol. 23, No. 17 ( 2020-12), p. 3059-3066
    In: Public Health Nutrition, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 23, No. 17 ( 2020-12), p. 3059-3066
    Abstract: The relationship between nutrition and behavioural health (BH) outcomes has been established in the literature. However, the relationship between nutrition and anxiety is unclear. Furthermore, the relationship between nutrition and BH outcomes has not been examined in a US Army Soldier population. This study sought to understand the relationship between Soldiers’ nutritional intake and anxiety as well as depression. Design: This cross-sectional study utilised multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine the relationship between nutritional intake and BH outcomes. Setting: The study utilised data collected in 2018 during a BH epidemiological consultation conducted at one Army installation. Participants: Participants were 7043 US Army Soldiers at one Army installation. Results: Of the Soldiers completing the survey, 12 % ( n 812) screened positive for anxiety and 11 % ( n 774) for depression. The adjusted odds of anxiety were significantly higher among Soldiers who reported low fruit intake compared with Soldiers who reported high fruit intake (adjusted OR (AOR) 1·36; 95 % CI 1·04, 1·79). The adjusted odds of depression were higher for Soldiers who reported low fruit intake (AOR 1·35; 95 % CI 1·01, 1·79) and/or low green vegetable intake (AOR 1·37; 95 % CI 1·02, 1·83). Lastly, the adjusted odds of depression were lower for Soldiers who reported low sugary drink intake (AOR 0·62; 95 % CI 0·48, 0·81). Conclusions: This study is the first to examine the important connection between nutritional intake and anxiety and depression at a US military installation. The information learned from this study has implications for enhancing Soldiers’ nutritional knowledge and BH, ultimately improving Soldiers’ health and medical readiness.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1368-9800 , 1475-2727
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016337-X
    SSG: 21
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Burn Care & Research Vol. 38, No. 1 ( 2017), p. e306-e310
    In: Journal of Burn Care & Research, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 38, No. 1 ( 2017), p. e306-e310
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1559-047X
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2071028-8
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    BMJ ; 2023
    In:  BMJ Military Health Vol. 169, No. 2 ( 2023-04), p. 139-145
    In: BMJ Military Health, BMJ, Vol. 169, No. 2 ( 2023-04), p. 139-145
    Abstract: Falls/near falls are the second leading cause of hospitalisation and outpatient visits among US Army soldiers. While numerous studies have evaluated fall-related or near fall-related injuries among elderly adults, few have evaluated this association among young adults. The objective of this study is to describe the characteristics and risk factors associated with fall-related or near fall-related injuries among male US Army soldiers. Methods This is a cross-sectional study of male US Army Airborne Division soldiers (n=5187). Electronic surveys captured demographic, lifestyle, physical training (PT), fitness and injury data during spring/summer of 2016. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors of fall-related or near fall-related injuries, adjusting for potential confounders. Results Primary findings indicated that activities and risk factors associated with fall-related or near fall-related injuries among soldiers included younger age (≤35 years), holding a job that required minimal lifting activities, slower 2-mile run times and not running during personal PT. Conclusions The findings from this study suggest that male US Army soldiers and other physically active men may benefit from (1) obtaining and/or maintaining higher aerobic endurance and muscular strength, and (2) training focused on preventing fall-related injuries during PT, road marching and sports/recreational activities. Moreover, prevention strategies and education should further target younger soldiers (≤35 years old), as younger age is not modifiable.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2633-3767 , 2633-3775
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research Vol. 36, No. 2 ( 2022-02), p. e24-e30
    In: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 36, No. 2 ( 2022-02), p. e24-e30
    Abstract: Grier, T, Brooks, RD, Solomon, Z, and Jones, BH. Injury risk factors associated with weight training. J Strength Cond Res 36(2): e24–e30, 2022—The purpose of this evaluation was to identify injury risk factors associated with weight training (WT). Subjects were 4,785 men and 542 women in a U.S. Army Division. Personal characteristics, unit training, personal training, fitness, and 12-month injury history were obtained by an electronic survey. Risk factors for WT injuries were explored using backward stepping multivariable logistic regression. Risk ratios, odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated for each risk factor. Over a one-year period, 4.5% of men and 0.6% of women experienced a WT injury. Weight-training injury incidence was 0.31 and 0.05 per 1,000 hours of WT for men and women, respectively. Overall, men were 7.4 times more likely to experience a WT injury compared with women. For men who participated in WT, independent risk factors for a WT injury included older age (OR [23–27/≤ 22 years] = 1.99, 95% CI 1.22–3.27; OR [ 〉 28/≤ 22 years] = 2.48, 95% CI 1.52–4.03) and higher amounts of personal WT per week (OR [60–165/≥ 166 minutes] = 0.58, 95% CI 0.39–0.88; and OR [15–59/≥ 166 minutes] = 0.40, 95% CI 0.24–0.66). A linear trend was revealed indicating an increasing risk of a WT injury with greater amounts of time spent WT per week ( p 〈 0.01). Performing moderate amounts of WT may reduce the risk of experiencing a WT injury. However, because muscle strength is an important component of fitness for Soldiers, specialized WT programs that improve strength while minimizing injury risks are needed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1064-8011
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2142889-X
    SSG: 31
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