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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    MACS - Modulares Luftbildkamera-System für die Erzeugung hochauflösender photogrammetrischer Produkte
    Schweizerbart ; 2011
    In:  Photogrammetrie - Fernerkundung - Geoinformation Vol. 2011, No. 6 ( 2011-12-01), p. 435-446
    Details
    In: Photogrammetrie - Fernerkundung - Geoinformation, Schweizerbart, Vol. 2011, No. 6 ( 2011-12-01), p. 435-446
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1432-8364
    Uniform Title: MACS - Modular Airborne Camera System for Generating Photogrammetric High-Resolution Products
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1127/1432-8364/2011/0096
    RVK:
    RA 4132.8
    Language: English , English
    Publisher: Schweizerbart
    Publication Date: 2011
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2888495-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2886415-3
    SSG: 14
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Integrated UAV-Based Real-Time Mapping for Security Applications
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information Vol. 8, No. 5 ( 2019-05-08), p. 219-
    Details
    In: ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 5 ( 2019-05-08), p. 219-
    Abstract: Security applications such as management of natural disasters and man-made incidents crucially depend on the rapid availability of a situation picture of the affected area. UAV-based remote sensing systems may constitute an essential tool for capturing aerial imagery in such scenarios. While several commercial UAV solutions already provide acquisition of high quality photos or real-time video transmission via radio link, generating instant high-resolution aerial maps is still an open challenge. For this purpose, the article presents a real-time processing tool chain, enabling generation of interactive aerial maps during flight. Key element of this tool chain is the combination of the Terrain Aware Image Clipping (TAC) algorithm and 12-bit JPEG compression. As a result, the data size of a common scenery can be reduced to approximately 0.4% of the original size, while preserving full geometric and radiometric resolution. Particular attention was paid to minimize computational costs to reduce hardware requirements. The full workflow was demonstrated using the DLR Modular Airborne Camera System (MACS) operated on a conventional aircraft. In combination with a commercial radio link, the latency between image acquisition and visualization in the ground station was about 2 s. In addition, the integration of a miniaturized version of the camera system into a small fixed-wing UAV is presented. It is shown that the described workflow is efficient enough to instantly generate image maps even on small UAV hardware. Using a radio link, these maps can be broadcasted to on-site operation centers and are immediately available to the end-users.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2220-9964
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijgi8050219
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2655790-3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    AMARO—An On-Board Ship Detection and Real-Time Information System
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Sensors Vol. 20, No. 5 ( 2020-02-29), p. 1324-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 20, No. 5 ( 2020-02-29), p. 1324-
    Abstract: The monitoring of worldwide ship traffic is a field of high topicality. Activities like piracy, ocean dumping, and refugee transportation are in the news every day. The detection of ships in remotely sensed data from airplanes, drones, or spacecraft contributes to maritime situational awareness. However, the crucial factor is the up-to-dateness of the extracted information. With ground-based processing, the time between image acquisition and delivery of the extracted product data is in the range of several hours, mainly due to the time consumed by storing and transmission of the large image data. By processing and analyzing them on-board and transmitting the product data directly as ship position, heading, and velocity, the delay can be shortened to some minutes. Real-time connections via satellite telecommunication services allow small packets of information to be sent directly to the user without significant delay. The AMARO (Autonomous Real-Time Detection of Moving Maritime Objects) project at DLR is a feasibility study of an on-board ship detection system involving on-board processing and real-time communication. The operation of a prototype system was successfully demonstrated on an airborne platform in spring 2018. The on-ground user could be informed about detected vessels within minutes after sighting without a direct communication link. In this article, the scope, aim, and design of the AMARO system are described, and the results of the flight experiment are presented in detail.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s20051324
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fractures in glaciers—Crack tips and their stress fields by observation and modeling
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  PAMM Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2023-11)
    Details
    In: PAMM, Wiley, Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2023-11)
    Abstract: High‐resolution optical camera systems are opening new opportunities to study fractures in ice. Here, we present data obtained from the Modular Aerial Camera System camera system operated onboard of Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) polar aircraft in northeast Greenland in 2022. In addition, we are using optical and radar satellite imagery. The study area is the 79°N Glacier (Nioghalvfjerdsbræ, 79NG), an outlet glacier of the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream. We found that crack tips are exhibiting additional isolated cracks ahead of the main crack. Subsequent crack propagation is starting from those isolated cracks, leading to an advance of the crack, with bridges between crack faces. The bridges provide information of the episodic crack propagation. Fractures have typically a length scale of kilometers and the distance of crack faces is in the order of meters to tenths of meters. Fracture modes will be inferred from stress fields computed by an inverse modeling approach using the Ice Sheet and Sea Level System Model. To this end, a surface velocity field derived from satellite remote sensing is used for the optimal control method that constrains model parameters, for example, basal friction coefficient or rheology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1617-7061 , 1617-7061
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/pamm.v23.3
    DOI: 10.1002/pamm.202300260
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2078931-2
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Precursor of disintegration of Greenland's largest floating ice tongue
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2023
    In:  The Cryosphere Vol. 17, No. 7 ( 2023-07-14), p. 2851-2870
    Details
    In: The Cryosphere, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 17, No. 7 ( 2023-07-14), p. 2851-2870
    Abstract: Abstract. The largest floating tongue of Greenland’s ice sheet, Nioghalvfjerdsbræ, has been relatively stable with respect to areal retreat until 2022. Draining more than 6 % of the ice sheet, a disintegration of Nioghalvfjerdsbræ's floating tongue and subsequent acceleration due to loss in buttressing are likely to lead to sea level rise. Therefore, the stability of the floating tongue is a focus of this study. We employed a suite of observational methods to detect recent changes at the calving front. We found that the calving style has changed since 2016 at the southern part of the eastern calving front, from tongue-type calving to a crack evolution initiated at frontal ice rises reaching 5–7 km and progressing further upstream compared to 2010. The calving front area is further weakened by an area upstream of the main calving front that consists of open water and an ice mélange that has substantially expanded, leading to the formation of a narrow ice bridge. These geometric and mechanical changes may be a precursor of instability of the floating tongue. We complement our study by numerical ice flow simulations to estimate the impact of future ice-front retreat and complete ice shelf disintegration on the discharge of grounded ice. These idealized scenarios reveal that a loss of the south-eastern area of the ice shelf would lead to a 0.2 % increase in ice discharge at the grounding line, while a sudden collapse of the frontal area (46 % of the floating tongue area) will enhance the ice discharge by 5.1 % due to loss in buttressing. Eventually, a full collapse of the floating tongue increases the grounding line flux by 166 %.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1994-0424
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/tc-17-2851-2023
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2393169-3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    MACS-TumbleCam - ein neues Verfahren für Schrägluftbilder
    Schweizerbart ; 2014
    In:  Photogrammetrie - Fernerkundung - Geoinformation Vol. 2014, No. 4 ( 2014-08-01), p. 253-263
    Details
    In: Photogrammetrie - Fernerkundung - Geoinformation, Schweizerbart, Vol. 2014, No. 4 ( 2014-08-01), p. 253-263
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1432-8364
    Uniform Title: MACS-TumbleCam - A Novel Approach for Aerial Oblique Imaging
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1127/1432-8364/2014/0241
    RVK:
    RA 4132.8
    Language: English , English
    Publisher: Schweizerbart
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1384861-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2888495-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2886415-3
    SSG: 14
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  • 7
    Online Resource
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    Family support in intensive care units during COVID-19 visit ban: A multinational Delphi Study during first COVID-19 wave
    Elsevier BV ; 2023
    In:  Intensive and Critical Care Nursing Vol. 74 ( 2023-02), p. 103308-
    Details
    In: Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, Elsevier BV, Vol. 74 ( 2023-02), p. 103308-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0964-3397
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2022.103308
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2049072-0
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    MACS-Mar: a real-time remote sensing system for maritime security applications
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  CEAS Space Journal Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2019-3), p. 35-44
    Details
    In: CEAS Space Journal, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2019-3), p. 35-44
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1868-2502 , 1868-2510
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s12567-018-0207-7
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2553331-9
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Overview of the MOSAiC expedition: Snow and sea ice
    University of California Press ; 2022
    In:  Elem Sci Anth Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2022-02-07)
    Details
    In: Elem Sci Anth, University of California Press, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2022-02-07)
    Abstract: Year-round observations of the physical snow and ice properties and processes that govern the ice pack evolution and its interaction with the atmosphere and the ocean were conducted during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition of the research vessel Polarstern in the Arctic Ocean from October 2019 to September 2020. This work was embedded into the interdisciplinary design of the 5 MOSAiC teams, studying the atmosphere, the sea ice, the ocean, the ecosystem, and biogeochemical processes. The overall aim of the snow and sea ice observations during MOSAiC was to characterize the physical properties of the snow and ice cover comprehensively in the central Arctic over an entire annual cycle. This objective was achieved by detailed observations of physical properties and of energy and mass balance of snow and ice. By studying snow and sea ice dynamics over nested spatial scales from centimeters to tens of kilometers, the variability across scales can be considered. On-ice observations of in situ and remote sensing properties of the different surface types over all seasons will help to improve numerical process and climate models and to establish and validate novel satellite remote sensing methods; the linkages to accompanying airborne measurements, satellite observations, and results of numerical models are discussed. We found large spatial variabilities of snow metamorphism and thermal regimes impacting sea ice growth. We conclude that the highly variable snow cover needs to be considered in more detail (in observations, remote sensing, and models) to better understand snow-related feedback processes. The ice pack revealed rapid transformations and motions along the drift in all seasons. The number of coupled ice–ocean interface processes observed in detail are expected to guide upcoming research with respect to the changing Arctic sea ice.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2325-1026
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1525/elementa.2021.000046
    Language: English
    Publisher: University of California Press
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2745461-7
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