In:
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 16, No. 11 ( 2022-11-28), p. e0010882-
Abstract:
Lassa virus is a priority pathogen for vaccine research and development, however the duration of cellular immunity and protection in Lassa fever (LF) survivors remains unclear. Methods We investigated Lassa virus specific CD8 + T cell responses in 93 LF survivors. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from these individuals were infected with recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus encoding Lassa virus antigens and virus specific T cell responses were measured after 18-hour incubation. Participants who had undetectable CD8 + T cell response underwent further analysis using a 10-day T cell proliferation assays to evaluate for low T cell precursor frequency. Results Forty-five of the 93 LF survivors did not have a Lassa virus specific CD8 + T cell response. Of those with responses and a known date of onset of LF (N = 11), 9 had LF within the last ten years. Most participants without a measurable CD8 + T cell response were more than 10 years removed from a clinical history of LF (N = 14/16). Fourteen of 21 patients (67%) with undetectable CD8 + T cell response had a measurable Lassa virus specific CD8 + T cell response with the 10-day assay. Discussion Despite reports of strong CD8 + T cell responses during acute Lassa virus infection, circulating Lassa virus-specific CD8 + T cells declined to undetectable levels in most Lassa fever survivors after ten years when evaluated with an 18-hour T cell stimulation. However, when Lassa virus-specific T cells were expanded prior to restimulation, a Lassa virus-specific CD8 + T cell response could be detected in many if the samples that were negative in the 18-hour stimulation assay, suggesting that prolonged cellular immunity does exist in Lassa fever survivors at low frequencies.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1935-2735
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010882
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010882.g001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010882.g002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010882.g003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010882.g004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010882.g005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010882.g006
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010882.g007
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010882.g008
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010882.t001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010882.t002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010882.s001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010882.s002
Language:
English
Publisher:
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publication Date:
2022
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2429704-5
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