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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Hepatitis B Vaccination among Clinical Medical Students at a Medical College in Nepal
    Nirvana Psychosocial Care Center and Research Institute ; 2020
    In:  Europasian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2020-09-23)
    Details
    In: Europasian Journal of Medical Sciences, Nirvana Psychosocial Care Center and Research Institute, Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2020-09-23)
    Abstract: Background: Hepatitis B vaccine is the single most effective and safest strategy for the prevention of the disease among health care workers (HCW), trainees and medical students. There is scanty information on knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding Hepatitis B vaccination among medical students who are likely to get exposed in the future as they start practicing. This study was undertaken to understand the knowledge, attitude and practice of hepatitis B vaccination among clinical medical students of Manipal College of Medical sciences at Pokhara, Nepal.Methods: Two hundred and four medical students were enrolled for an observational, cross-sectional study at Manipal College of Medical sciences at Pokhara, Nepal after obtaining ethical clearance from Institutional Review Committee. Answers to pre-tested questionnaire were collected. Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding Hepatitis B vaccination were studied. Results: All participants demonstrated good knowledge and positive attitude towards Hepatitis B infection and vaccination. However majority had poor practice towards it. Only 47.1% were completely vaccinated. The most common reason for non vaccination was that many thought they will vaccinate in internship or when they start practicing.Conclusion: Despite good knowledge and positive attitude towards Hepatitis B infection and vaccination, low rates of vaccination and poor practice was observed among HCW indicating the necessity of encouragement for vaccination and proper practices among them. All medical students should be immunized against Hepatitis B during their medical school. Regular Hepatitis B vaccination, educational and awareness programs must be conducted in coordination and with active participation of the medical students.Keywords: Attitude; Hepatitis B; knowledge; Medical students; Practice; Vaccination
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2717-4654 , 2717-4646
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.46405/ejms.v2i2.113
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Nirvana Psychosocial Care Center and Research Institute
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    An Audit of An Intensive Care Unit of A Tertiary Care Hospital
    Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA) ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Nepal Medical Association Vol. 56, No. 212 ( 2018-08-31), p. 759-762
    Details
    In: Journal of Nepal Medical Association, Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA), Vol. 56, No. 212 ( 2018-08-31), p. 759-762
    Abstract: Introduction: The patients with the most severe and life threatening illnesses requiring constant monitoring and support are admitted in the intensive care unit. Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital is the oldest and tertiary referral center hospital in the country with eleven-bedded level III mixed medical surgical ICU. This audit was performed to study the profile of critically ill patients under different headings like diagnosis at admission, primary specialty, outcome of the patients, etc. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was designed and all patients admitted to the intensive care unit of our center between 13 April 2017 and 13 April 2018 (1st Baisakh 2074 to 30th Chaitra 2074) were selected for this study. Results: A total of 813 patients were admitted in TUTH ICU over a period of one year (2074 B.S.) with male patients being more common. Neurosurgical cases were most common at 199 (24.48 %), followed by respiratory cases at 149 (18.32%) and so on. The overall mortality was 246 (32.8%). The overall surgical cases were more common than medical cases with better outcomes. Conclusions: This audit presents the profile of patients admitted in a tertiary level hospital in Nepal, their indications and mortality. The most common patients being admitted were Neurosurgical patients and the mortality was significantly higher compared to ICUs in developed countries.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1815-672X , 0028-2715
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.31729/jnma.3703
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2209910-4
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Clinical Profile and Endoscopic Findings in Patients undergoing Colonoscopy at a Tertiary Care Centre of Central Nepal
    Nepal Journals Online (JOL) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal Vol. 16, No. 2 ( 2020-06-30), p. 66-70
    Details
    In: Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, Nepal Journals Online (JOL), Vol. 16, No. 2 ( 2020-06-30), p. 66-70
    Abstract: Background: Colonoscopy is an invasive procedure used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purpose for detection and management of the diseases of rectum, colon, and terminal ileum. This study was undertaken to assess the clinical profile and endoscopic findings in patients undergoing colonoscopy.    Methods: One hundred and sixty patients underwent colonoscopy from January 2018 till  December 2019.  Clinical profile, endoscopy and histological findings were studied from the hospital departmental records. Results: The commonest indications for performing colonoscopy were chronic diarrhea, altered bowel habits, chronic abdominal pain and bleeding per rectum. Colitis of unspecified etiology followed by ulcerative colitis and polyps were the common colonoscopy findings. Colorectal carcinoma were not uncommon. Conclusions: Colonoscopy is the gold standard modality for diagnosis of pathologies of lower gastro intestinal tract and should be an integral part of management. Screening colonoscopy is strongly recommended. Keywords: colitis; colonoscopy; colorectal disease  
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2091-0673 , 2091-0657
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v16i2.28660
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Nepal Journals Online (JOL)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Demographic and Clinical Profile in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central Nepal
    Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA) ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Nepal Medical Association Vol. 56, No. 208 ( 2017-12-31), p. 401-6
    Details
    In: Journal of Nepal Medical Association, Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA), Vol. 56, No. 208 ( 2017-12-31), p. 401-6
    Abstract: Introduction: Liver cirrhosis is an important health problem worldwide and is a common disease in Nepal. The profile of cirrhosis may vary due to different factors. This study was undertaken to see the demographic and clinical profiles of patients with cirrhosis of liver attending a tertiary care hospital in Central Nepal. Methods: Six hundred patients with clinical features, laboratory and sonological findings suggestive of chronic liver dysfunction and endoscopic evidence of portal hypertension were included in the study. Their demographic and clinical profile, endoscopic findings, outcomes during hospitalization were studied. Ethical approval was taken from Institutional Review Committee of College of Medical Sciences. SPSS 20 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean age of subjects was 54±11.84 years with 435 males (72.5%) and 165 (27.5%) females. Majority of 203 (33.8%) patients were from Mongol ethnicity followed by 127 (21.2%) Khas. Two hundred and twenty (36.6%) were farmers followed by 169 (28.2%) retired personnel. A total of 338 (56.4 %) patients were from rural areas. The commonest aetiology of cirrhosis was chronic alcohol consumption and seen in 552 (92%) patients. Abdominal distension was commonest presenting sign and observed in 561 (93.5%) patients. Ascites seen in 555 (92.5%) patients was the commonest complication followed by UGI bleed in 326(54.3%) patients. Gastro-oesophageal varices observed in 345 (57.5%) patients, was the most common endoscopic finding followed by portal gastropathy, peptic ulcer and erosive mucosal diseases. In patient mortality was noted in 92 (15.3 %) patients. Conclusions: This study highlights the burden of cirrhosis, usually caused by chronic alcohol consumption in Central Nepal. Majority of subjects were male, middle aged, farmers, from rural areas and predominantly observed in some ethnicity like Mongols. Cirrhotic patients usually present late with varied complications and have high mortality.   Keywords: cirrhosis of liver; complications; endoscopy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1815-672X , 0028-2715
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.31729/jnma.3362
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA)
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2209910-4
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Giant Left Atrium - A Rare Case of Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
    Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA) ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Nepal Medical Association Vol. 54, No. 201 ( 2016-03-31), p. 40-42
    Details
    In: Journal of Nepal Medical Association, Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA), Vol. 54, No. 201 ( 2016-03-31), p. 40-42
    Abstract: Acute upper GI bleeding is a common medical emergency with a hospital mortality of approximately10%. Non variceal UGI bleeding is the most common cause followed by oesophageal varices. Variousrare causes have been described in the literature but there are very few cases of giant left atriumleading to oesophageal erosion and causing upper GI bleeding. We are presenting a case of rheumaticvalvular heart disease with giant left atrium who presented in our department with acute upper GIbleeding. Keywords: giant left atrium;oesophgeal erosion; upper GI bleeding. | PubMed
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1815-672X , 0028-2715
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.31729/jnma.2816
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2209910-4
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    DEMOGRAPHIC, CLINICAL AND VIROLOGICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTION
    Chitwan Medical College ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Chitwan Medical College Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2022-03-15), p. 34-38
    Details
    In: Journal of Chitwan Medical College, Chitwan Medical College, Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2022-03-15), p. 34-38
    Abstract: Background: Chronic Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major public health issue worldwide. Chronic HCV is an important cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatitis C infection is not uncommon in Nepal. This research was meant to study the demographic, clinical presentation, and virological profile of patients with chronic hepatitis C attending a teaching hospital in Western Nepal. Methods: A hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted over a year from January 2021 and December 2021 among 66 consecutive patients with hepatitis C infection. Demographic and clinical profile of the patients alongside their liver enzymes, viral load, and genotypes at the time of presentation were studied. Descriptive analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Results: The mean age of subjects was 34±10.42 years with male predominance (M: F=2.3:1).  The majority was from rural areas and belonged to low-middle socioeconomic status. Injecting drug use was the most common mode of infection. The majority of patients had no symptoms related to liver diseases. About one-fourth of the patients had cirrhosis of liver. High viral load (HCV RNA 〉 800,000 IU/ml) was detected in 42.4% patients. The mean HCV RNA was 1348,500 ±1052 IU/ml. Genotype 3a was the most common, followed by genotype 1a. Conclusions: Hepatitis C virus infection was common in young patients (aged 〈 40 years) especially among injecting drug users. Most of the patients had no symptoms related to liver diseases. Cirrhosis was observed in about one-fourth patients. Genotype 3a was the most common, followed by genotype 1a.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2091-2889 , 2091-2412
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.54530/jcmc.625
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Chitwan Medical College
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2895123-2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trans abdominal Ultrasonography in Acute Pancreatitis: a cross sectional study
    Nepal Journals Online (JOL) ; 2021
    In:  Nepal Mediciti Medical Journal Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2021-12-08), p. 68-72
    Details
    In: Nepal Mediciti Medical Journal, Nepal Journals Online (JOL), Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2021-12-08), p. 68-72
    Abstract: BACKGROUND: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common cause of acute pain abdomen. Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) of the abdomen is the imaging method of choice in acute pancreatitis. Ultrasonography can be used as the first, easily available imaging modality for the assessment of the pancreas. This study aims to study the transabdominal USG findings in patients with acute pancreatitis. It will also compare USG findings with CT findings in acute pancreatitis. METHODS: A hospital-based cross-sectional, prospective study comprising of consecutive 55 patients with acute pancreatitis was conducted over a study period of 15 months. Trans abdominal USG findings and CECT abdominal findings in acute pancreatitis were studied and compared. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20 and a p-value of ≤0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Pancreas was visualized by USG in only 69%. Ultrasonography had some pancreatic and/or extrapancreatic findings in patients with acute pancreatitis in 84.2% of patients in whom the pancreas was visualized, whereas, it was 98.2% by CECT abdomen. USG was unable to demonstrate findings in 75% of patients with mild acute pancreatitis. CONCLUSION: Transabdominal ultrasonography detection of pancreatitis was inferior to the CECT. It had a limited role in detecting mild acute pancreatic cases. Nonetheless, detection of etiological factor such as gallstones, and assessment of extra pancreatic fluid collection like ascites and pleural effusion were better visualised with ultrasound. USG is readily available, cheap, noninvasive, and can be utilized as an initial diagnostic tool for acute pancreatitis and ruling out other causes of acute abdomen.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2773-7810
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3126/nmmj.v2i2.41278
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Nepal Journals Online (JOL)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    ANALYSIS OF CARP VALUE CHAIN IN BARA DISTRICT, NEPAL
    ZIbeline International Publishing ; 2021
    In:  Food & Agribusiness Management Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2021-03-18), p. 67-72
    Details
    In: Food & Agribusiness Management, ZIbeline International Publishing, Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2021-03-18), p. 67-72
    Abstract: Carp is the major fish produced under polyculture in Nepal. A study was conducted to analyze the value chain of carp in the Bara district from January to April 2020. A total of 120 respondents; 60 each from Simraungadh and Pachrauta municipality on an equal basis was sampled by using the cluster sampling technique. 60 respondents include; 45 carp producers, 10 traders (local collector, district collector, local wholesaler, processor, retailer), and 5 consumers from Simraungadh and Pachrauta municipality were sampled randomly. Data were entered and coded in SPSS 25 and analyzed using STATA 12.1. The study revealed a benefit-cost ratio was 1.76. The maximum share was contributed by the cost of feed (70%) to the total variable cost and cost of pond construction (80%) to the total fixed cost. The unit cost of production of carp under polyculture was NRs. 201.5. The key actors involved in the chains were producer, wholesaler, collector, processor, retailer, and consumer. The price spread was higher in the regional market chain i.e. NRs 66.73 as compared to the local market (NRs 40.38). The producer’s share was higher in the local market chain (87.5%) as compared to the producer’s share in the regional market chain (81.73%). The study revealed that the value chain of carp was dominated by the trader. Consumers kept the freshness of the carp under major consideration while purchasing. The major problem faced by the trader was identified as the unavailability of plastic crates. Carp production is a profitable enterprise, yet producers were not realizing potential benefits due to the involvement of middlemen and their dominant role while determining the price. Thus, carp enterprise could be bolstered through government stringent rules and proper policy to determine the price and to customize the efficient marketing channel.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2716-6678
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.26480/fabm.02.2021.67.72
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: ZIbeline International Publishing
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Prevalence of Stroke and Stroke Risk Factors in a South-Western Community of Nepal
    Elsevier BV ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases Vol. 30, No. 5 ( 2021-05), p. 105716-
    Details
    In: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Elsevier BV, Vol. 30, No. 5 ( 2021-05), p. 105716-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1052-3057
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105716
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052957-0
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Feasibility of Innovative Tools and Methods to Improve Household Surveys in Complex Urban Settings: Multiple Methods Analysis of the Surveys for Urban Equity (SUE) Study in Kathmandu, Dhaka, and Hanoi
    Elsevier BV ; 2019
    In:  SSRN Electronic Journal
    Details
    In: SSRN Electronic Journal, Elsevier BV
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1556-5068
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3466987
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2019
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