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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Signs of enhanced formation of gist memory in children with autism spectrum disorder – a study of memory functions of sleep
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry Vol. 60, No. 8 ( 2019-08), p. 907-916
    Details
    In: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Wiley, Vol. 60, No. 8 ( 2019-08), p. 907-916
    Abstract: Autism spectrum disorder ( ASD ) is characterized by impaired cognitive and social skills, including emotional dysregulation, and symptoms have been suspected to partly arise from impaired formation of memory representations regulating these behaviours. Sleep, which is subjectively impaired in ASD , is critical for forming long‐term memories and abstracted gist‐based representations. We expected a generally reduced memory benefit from sleep in children with ASD , and a diminished enhancement of gist representations, in particular. Methods We compared effects of sleep on memory consolidation between boys (9–12 years) with ASD ( n  =   21) and typically developing ( TD , n  =   20) boys, matched for age and IQ , in a within‐subjects crossover design. We employed an emotional picture recognition task and the Deese–Roediger–McDermott ( DRM ) word list task for assessing gist memory formation in the emotional and nonemotional domain, respectively. Learning took place before retention intervals of nocturnal sleep and daytime wakefulness, and retrieval was tested afterwards. Results Surprisingly, on the DRM task, children with ASD showed an enhanced sleep‐dependent formation of gist‐based memory (i.e. more recall of ‘critical lure words’ after sleep compared to wakefulness) than TD children, with this effect occurring on top of a diminished veridical word memory. On the picture recognition task, children with ASD also showed a stronger emotional enhancement in memory (i.e. relatively better memory for negative than neutral pictures) than TD children, with this enhancement occurring independent of sleep. Sleep polysomnography was remarkably comparable between groups. Conclusions Children with ASD show well‐preserved sleep‐dependent memory consolidation. Enhanced gist memory formation in these children might reflect a compensatory response for impairments at earlier stages of memory processing, that is during encoding.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9630 , 1469-7610
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.2019.60.issue-8
    DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13048
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470297-6
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 2
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    How do children with autism spectrum disorder form gist memory during sleep? A study of slow oscillation–spindle coupling
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  Sleep Vol. 44, No. 6 ( 2021-06-11)
    Details
    In: Sleep, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 44, No. 6 ( 2021-06-11)
    Abstract: Sleep is assumed to support memory through an active systems consolidation process that does not only strengthen newly encoded representations but also facilitates the formation of more abstract gist memories. Studies in humans and rodents indicate a key role of the precise temporal coupling of sleep slow oscillations (SO) and spindles in this process. The present study aimed at bolstering these findings in typically developing (TD) children, and at dissecting particularities in SO-spindle coupling underlying signs of enhanced gist memory formation during sleep found in a foregoing study in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) without intellectual impairment. Sleep data from 19 boys with ASD and 20 TD boys (9–12 years) were analyzed. Children performed a picture-recognition task and the Deese–Roediger–McDermott (DRM) task before nocturnal sleep (encoding) and in the next morning (retrieval). Sleep-dependent benefits for visual-recognition memory were comparable between groups but were greater for gist abstraction (recall of DRM critical lure words) in ASD than TD children. Both groups showed a closely comparable SO-spindle coupling, with fast spindle activity nesting in SO-upstates, suggesting that a key mechanism of memory processing during sleep is fully functioning already at childhood. Picture-recognition at retrieval after sleep was positively correlated to frontocortical SO-fast-spindle coupling in TD children, and less in ASD children. Critical lure recall did not correlate with SO-spindle coupling in TD children but showed a negative correlation (r = −.64, p = .003) with parietal SO-fast-spindle coupling in ASD children, suggesting other mechanisms specifically conveying gist abstraction, that may even compete with SO-spindle coupling.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0161-8105 , 1550-9109
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa290
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2056761-3
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  • 3
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    The SSTeP-KiZ System—Secure Real-Time Communication Based on Open Web Standards for Multimodal Sensor-Assisted Tele-Psychotherapy
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Sensors Vol. 22, No. 24 ( 2022-12-07), p. 9589-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 24 ( 2022-12-07), p. 9589-
    Abstract: In this manuscript, we describe the soft- and hardware architecture as well as the implementation of a modern Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) system for sensor-assisted telepsychotherapy. It enables telepsychotherapy sessions in which the patient exercises therapy-relevant behaviors in their home environment under the remote supervision of the therapist. Wearable sensor information (electrocardiogram (ECG), movement sensors, and eye tracking) is streamed in real time to the therapist to deliver objective information about specific behavior-triggering situations and the stress level of the patients. We describe the IT infrastructure of the system which uses open standards such as WebRTC and OpenID Connect (OIDC). We also describe the system’s security concept, its container-based deployment, and demonstrate performance analyses. The system is used in the ongoing study SSTeP-KiZ (smart sensor technology in telepsychotherapy for children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder) and shows sufficient technical performance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s22249589
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 4
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    Mavoglurant in fragile X syndrome: Results of two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2016
    In:  Science Translational Medicine Vol. 8, No. 321 ( 2016-01-13)
    Details
    In: Science Translational Medicine, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 8, No. 321 ( 2016-01-13)
    Abstract: Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common cause of inherited intellectual disability and autistic spectrum disorder, is typically caused by transcriptional silencing of the X-linked FMR1 gene. Work in animal models has described altered synaptic plasticity, a result of the up-regulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5)–mediated signaling, as a putative downstream effect. Post hoc analysis of a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover phase 2 trial suggested that the selective mGluR5 antagonist mavoglurant improved behavioral symptoms in FXS patients with completely methylated FMR1 genes. We present the results of two phase 2b, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group studies of mavoglurant in FXS, designed to confirm this result in adults ( n = 175, aged 18 to 45 years) and adolescents ( n = 139, aged 12 to 17 years). In both trials, participants were stratified by methylation status and randomized to receive mavoglurant (25, 50, or 100 mg twice daily) or placebo over 12 weeks. Neither of the studies achieved the primary efficacy end point of improvement on behavioral symptoms measured by the Aberrant Behavior Checklist—Community Edition using the FXS-specific algorithm (ABC-C FX ) after 12 weeks of treatment with mavoglurant. The safety and tolerability profile of mavoglurant was as previously described, with few adverse events. Therefore, under the conditions of our study, we could not confirm the mGluR theory of FXS nor the ability of the methylation state of the FMR1 promoter to predict mavoglurant efficacy. Preclinical results suggest that future clinical trials might profitably explore initiating treatment in a younger population with longer treatment duration and longer placebo run-ins and identifying new markers to better assess behavioral and cognitive benefits.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1946-6234 , 1946-6242
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aab4109
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016
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  • 5
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    ADHS und Mediensucht bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
    Hogrefe Publishing Group ; 2015
    In:  SUCHT Vol. 61, No. 5 ( 2015-10), p. 293-301
    Details
    In: SUCHT, Hogrefe Publishing Group, Vol. 61, No. 5 ( 2015-10), p. 293-301
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung. Zielsetzung: Es wird der aktuelle Forschungsstand über den Zusammenhang von ADHS und Mediensucht dargestellt, die beide zu den häufigsten kinder- und jugendpsychiatrischen Störungen gehören. Methodik: Anhand einer systematischen Literaturrecherche wurden aus 190 relevanten Suchergebnissen zum Thema ADHS und Mediensucht bei Kindern und Jugendlichen 125 Artikel zum Download ausgewählt. 57 Veröffentlichungen konnten eingeschlossen werden. Ergebnisse: Es besteht eine klare Evidenz, dass ADHS mit einer hohen Rate an Mediensucht verbunden ist und andererseits bei Mediensucht eine hohe Rate an ADHS-Symptomen gefunden wird. Die meisten Studien belegen nur diese Korrelation ohne Kausalitätsnachweis. Ergebnisse der neurobiologischen Forschung weisen auf die Nähe von ADHS und Mediensucht hin. Schlussfolgerungen: Bei Diagnose einer ADHS muss insbesondere auch die Mediennutzung erfasst werden und bei Vorliegen einer Mediensucht sorgfältig auf ADHS untersucht werden. ADHS muss als Risikofaktor für die Entwicklung einer Mediensucht angesehen werden, adäquate Therapie der ADHS kann dieses Risiko verringern. Eine ausgedehnte Mediennutzung kann Hinweis auf eine ungenügend behandelte ADHS sein.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0939-5911 , 1664-2856
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1024/0939-5911.a000385
    Language: German
    Publisher: Hogrefe Publishing Group
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1066695-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2089041-2
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  • 6
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    Elternfaktoren bei Internet- und Computerspielsucht im Jugendalter: Eine Übersicht
    Hogrefe Publishing Group ; 2022
    In:  Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie Vol. 50, No. 1 ( 2022-01-01), p. 37-50
    Details
    In: Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Hogrefe Publishing Group, Vol. 50, No. 1 ( 2022-01-01), p. 37-50
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung. Einleitung: Internetbezogene Störungen (IBS) bei Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen sind eng mit Familienfaktoren verknüpft. Dennoch beziehen wenige Forschungs- und Übersichtsarbeiten die Familie mit ein. Methodik: Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt einen Überblick zu Elternfaktoren, die bei der Entstehung, Aufrechterhaltung und Reduktion einer Symptomatik beteiligt sein können. Hierfür wurden N = 87 wissenschaftliche Arbeiten in die Literaturübersicht integriert. Ergebnisse: Klare Zusammenhänge finden sich in der Literatur zwischen der Eltern-Kind-Beziehung und IBS bei Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen. Die Qualität der Eltern-Kind-Kommunikation erscheint ein vielversprechender Ansatz zu sein, um eine IBS-Symptomatik zu beeinflussen. Es gibt Hinweise, dass zumindest für manche Familien die Förderung der gemeinsam verbrachten Zeit hilfreich sein könnte. In Bezug auf erzieherische Aspekte sollte zwischen verschiedenen Bereichen unterschieden werden. Elterliches Wissen und Kontrolle der Internetnutzung scheinen Schutzfaktoren zu sein, der Effekt von Regeln und Restriktionen ist jedoch ungeklärt. Schlussfolgerungen: Um eine IBS-Symptomatik zu verändern, ist es sinnvoll, die Eltern-Kind-Beziehung zu verbessern. Die Wege dorthin sind jedoch kaum erforscht. Empfehlungen in Bezug auf Erziehungsstrategien (z. B. Regeln und Restriktionen) sollten sehr vorsichtig formuliert werden, da die Effekte noch unklar sind. Die Integration der Eltern in Prävention und Intervention wird von vielen Forscher_innen befürwortet, es gibt jedoch nur einzelne Studien, die Eltern im Rahmen von Interventionen berücksichtigen.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-4917 , 1664-2880
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000817
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hogrefe Publishing Group
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2083294-1
    SSG: 2,1
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  • 7
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    Faktorielle Struktur der deutschen Version der Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS) nach konfirmatorischer Faktorenanalyse
    Hogrefe Publishing Group ; 2012
    In:  Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie Vol. 41, No. 2 ( 2012-04), p. 101-108
    Details
    In: Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Hogrefe Publishing Group, Vol. 41, No. 2 ( 2012-04), p. 101-108
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung. Für die Diagnostik der Internetabhängigkeit liegen inzwischen Vorschläge zur Aufnahme des Störungsbildes in das DSM-V vor. Mit der ,Compulsive Internet Use Scale’ (CIUS) existiert für den angloamerikanischen Sprachraum eine Konzeptualisierung zur psychometrischen Erfassung einer abhängigen Internetnutzung. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war die Untersuchung der Faktorenstruktur der deutschen Version der CIUS mittels einer konfirmatorischen Faktorenanalyse sowie der psychometrischen Kennwerte. N = 2.506 Probanden nahmen an der Onlineuntersuchung teil. Erhoben wurde die deutsche Version der CIUS und die tägliche Internetnutzungsdauer. Für die deutsche Version der CIUS konnte hierbei die Ein-Faktorenstruktur bestätigt werden. Es kann geschlussfolgert werden, dass auch die deutsche Version der CIUS ein kurzes und reliables Screeninginstrument zur Erfassung einer auffälligen Internetnutzung ist.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1616-3443 , 2190-6297
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1026/1616-3443/a000137
    RVK:
    CL 1000
    Language: German
    Publisher: Hogrefe Publishing Group
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2002367-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2090322-4
    SSG: 2,1
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 8
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    Emotionale Entwicklung und kunsttherapeutische Symbolisierung
    Hogrefe Publishing Group ; 2007
    In:  Musik-, Tanz- und Kunsttherapie Vol. 18, No. 1 ( 2007-01), p. 22-32
    Details
    In: Musik-, Tanz- und Kunsttherapie, Hogrefe Publishing Group, Vol. 18, No. 1 ( 2007-01), p. 22-32
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung. Anhand einer ausführlichen Kasuistik wird die sich entwickelnde Differenzierung des emotionalen Erlebens bei einer zu Beginn 12-jährigen Patientin während einer 2-jährigen stationären kinderpsychiatrischen Therapie dargestellt. Die von der Patientin in unterschiedlichen Settings angefertigten Bilder spiegeln verschiedene Entwicklungsstufen von einer Retardierung der emotionalen Entwicklung über eine depressive Phase bis hin zu einer Integration differenzierter Gefühle und Anerkennung von Beziehung mit Ausgestaltung von lebendiger Trauer. Diese Entwicklung wird in Beziehung gesetzt zu den Stufen emotionalen Erlebens (LEAS) nach Lane, die eine wichtige Ergänzung der seit Piaget konzeptualisierten Stufen kindlicher Entwicklung darstellen.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0933-6885 , 2190-6254
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1026/0933-6885.18.1.22
    RVK:
    LD 8700
    Language: German
    Publisher: Hogrefe Publishing Group
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2091076-9
    SSG: 9,2
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  • 9
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    Training for Parents of Adolescents with Gaming Disorder : A Pilot Study
    Hogrefe Publishing Group ; 2022
    In:  SUCHT Vol. 68, No. 6 ( 2022-12-01), p. 335-343
    Details
    In: SUCHT, Hogrefe Publishing Group, Vol. 68, No. 6 ( 2022-12-01), p. 335-343
    Abstract: Abstract: Aim: Parents can influence the Internet use (IUD) or gaming disorder (GD) in their children in various ways. However, there is scant published research and limited structured guidelines on the subject. This article describes a group training for parents that does not require the participation of the affected individuals. Methods: In this non-controlled pilot study, 42 parents (31 families) participated, completing diagnostic questionnaires before and after group training (adolescent’s GD Symptomatology, adolescent’s internalizing and externalizing problems, the parent’s and adolescent’s quality of life). The training included six sessions and was divided into four main topics (psychoeducation, parent-child-communication, analysing and changing, own limits and needs). Results: The training was well-received by the participants. The training itself and most of the content were rated as helpful. From the parents’ point of view, there were significant improvements in the GD symptomatology, the adolescent’s internalizing and externalizing problems, and adolescent’s quality of life. The parents’ quality of life was already at an average high level at the beginning of the training and hardly changed. Conclusions: The training program is easy to implement and is considered beneficial. There are indications that positive changes are triggered by the training, even though the affected persons themselves are not involved. A randomized controlled efficacy study is still pending.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0939-5911 , 1664-2856
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1024/0939-5911/a000790
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hogrefe Publishing Group
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1066695-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2089041-2
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  • 10
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    Intracranial hemorrhage in COVID-19 patients during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute respiratory failure: a nationwide register study report
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Critical Care Vol. 26, No. 1 ( 2022-12)
    Details
    In: Critical Care, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 26, No. 1 ( 2022-12)
    Abstract: In severe cases, SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), often treated by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). During ECMO therapy, anticoagulation is crucial to prevent device-associated thrombosis and device failure, however, it is associated with bleeding complications. In COVID-19, additional pathologies, such as endotheliitis, may further increase the risk of bleeding complications. To assess the frequency of bleeding events, we analyzed data from the German COVID-19 autopsy registry (DeRegCOVID). Methods The electronic registry uses a web-based electronic case report form. In November 2021, the registry included N  = 1129 confirmed COVID-19 autopsy cases, with data on 63 ECMO autopsy cases and 1066 non-ECMO autopsy cases, contributed from 29 German sites. Findings The registry data showed that ECMO was used in younger male patients and bleeding events occurred much more frequently in ECMO cases compared to non-ECMO cases (56% and 9%, respectively). Similarly, intracranial bleeding (ICB) was documented in 21% of ECMO cases and 3% of non-ECMO cases and was classified as the immediate or underlying cause of death in 78% of ECMO cases and 37% of non-ECMO cases. In ECMO cases, the three most common immediate causes of death were multi-organ failure, ARDS and ICB, and in non-ECMO cases ARDS, multi-organ failure and pulmonary bacterial ± fungal superinfection, ordered by descending frequency. Interpretation Our study suggests the potential value of autopsies and a joint interdisciplinary multicenter (national) approach in addressing fatal complications in COVID-19.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1364-8535
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s13054-022-03945-x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2051256-9
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