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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Multiple Maximum Exposure Rates in Computerized Adaptive Testing
    SAGE Publications ; 2009
    In:  Applied Psychological Measurement Vol. 33, No. 1 ( 2009-01), p. 58-73
    Details
    In: Applied Psychological Measurement, SAGE Publications, Vol. 33, No. 1 ( 2009-01), p. 58-73
    Abstract: Computerized adaptive testing is subject to security problems, as the item bank content remains operative over long periods and administration time is flexible for examinees. Spreading the content of a part of the item bank could lead to an overestimation of the examinees' trait level. The most common way of reducing this risk is to impose a maximum exposure rate (r max ) that no item should exceed. Several methods have been proposed with this aim. All of these methods establish a single value of r max throughout the test. This study presents a new method, the multiple-r max method, that defines as many values of r max as the number of items presented in the test. In this way, it is possible to impose a high degree of randomness in item selection at the beginning of the test, leaving the administration of items with the best psychometric properties to the moment when the trait level estimation is most accurate. The implementation of the multiple-r max method is described and is tested in simulated item banks and in an operative bank. Compared with a single maximum exposure method, the new method has a more balanced usage of the item bank and delays the possible distortion of trait estimation due to security problems, with either no or only slight decrements of measurement accuracy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0146-6216 , 1552-3497
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0146621608315329
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2009
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Incorporating randomness in the Fisher information for improving item-exposure control in CATs
    Wiley ; 2008
    In:  British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology Vol. 61, No. 2 ( 2008-11), p. 493-513
    Details
    In: British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, Wiley, Vol. 61, No. 2 ( 2008-11), p. 493-513
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0007-1102
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1348/000711007X230937
    RVK:
    CL 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1493647-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 218109-5
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Table_1.DOCX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Psychology Vol. 12 ( 2021-7-12)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Psychology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-7-12)
    Abstract: Knowledge of diverse sexual motivations can have profound implications for our comprehension of the causes, correlations, and consequences of sexual behavior. This study had two objectives: on the one hand, to determine the different motives why young Spanish university students have sex and their relationship with different sociodemographic and psychosexual variables and sexual behavior; on the other hand, to review and improve the psychometric properties of the Sexual Motivations Scale and validate it in Spanish. Participants were 805 university students of both sexes (78% women, 74% heterosexuals), aged between 18 and 26 years ( M age = 20.88), who completed a battery of online questionnaires. Significant associations were found between young people's sexual motives, especially the motives of coping, peer pressure, and enhancement, the sociodemographic variables (sex, age sexual orientation, relational status), sexual behavior (age of initiation), and psychosexual variables (sociosexuality, self-esteem as a sexual partner, satisfaction with sex life). Also, a new structure of the Sexual Motivations Scale was proposed, with the elimination of the factor of Self-Affirmation. The discussion highlights the relevance of the results obtained due to their implications in the promotion of sexual health, in addition to achieving the first instrument validated in Spanish for the evaluation of sexual motivations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-1078
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.645493
    DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.645493.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2563826-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bidimensional Structure of the Orthorexia: Development and Initial Validation of a New Instrument
    Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia ; 2018
    In:  Anales de Psicología Vol. 34, No. 2 ( 2018-04-10), p. 283-
    Details
    In: Anales de Psicología, Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, Vol. 34, No. 2 ( 2018-04-10), p. 283-
    Abstract: 〈 p 〉 Orthorexia nervosa could be conceptualized as extreme or excessive preoccupation with eating food believed to be healthy. Up to now, there is no available instrument evaluating every aspect of orthorexia with sufficient psychometric guarantees. The objective of the present study was two-fold. First, to develop and validate a new questionnaire of orthorexia –the Teruel Orthorexia Scale– and, second, to analyze the association with other psychological constructs and disorders theoretically related to orthorexia nervosa: eating disorder symptoms, obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms, negative affect, and perfectionism. Participants were 942 mainly university students who completed a battery of online questionnaires. Starting with an initial item bank of 31 items, we proposed a bidimensional test of orthorexia. This final version, with 17 items, encompassed two related, although differentiable ( 〈 em 〉 r 〈 /em 〉 = .43), aspects of orthorexia. First, 〈 em 〉 Orthorectic Efforts 〈 /em 〉 , which evaluates the “healthy” preoccupation with diet, which is independent of psychopathology, and even inversely associated with it. Second, 〈 em 〉 Orthorectic Concerns 〈 /em 〉 , which assesses the negative social and emotional impact of trying to achieve a rigid way of eating. This dimension represents a pathological preoccupation with a healthy diet. This study presents a new instrument that offers promising possibilities in the study of orthorexia. 〈 /p 〉
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1695-2294 , 0212-9728
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.6018/analesps.34.2.299671
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2064601-X
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Orthorexic eating behaviors are not all pathological: a French validation of the Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS)
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Eating Disorders Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2023-04-28)
    Details
    In: Journal of Eating Disorders, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2023-04-28)
    Abstract: As no French validated measurement tool distinguishing healthy orthorexia (HeOr) from orthorexia nervosa (OrNe) currently exists, this study aimed at examining psychometric properties of the French version of the Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS). A sample of 799 participants (Mean [SD] age: 28.5 [12.1] years-old) completed the French versions of the TOS, the Düsseldorfer Orthorexia Skala, the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire, and the Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory-Revised. Confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) were used. Although the bidimensional model, with OrNe and HeOr, of the original 17-item version showed an adequate fit, we suggest excluding items 9 and 15. The bidimensional model for the shortened version provided a satisfactory fit (ESEM model: CFI = .963, TLI = .949, RMSEA = .068). The mean loading was .65 for HeOr and .70 for OrNe. The internal consistency of both dimensions was adequate (α HeOr  = .83 and α OrNe  = .81). Partial correlations showed that eating disorders and obsessive–compulsive symptomatology measures were positively related to OrNe and unrelated or negatively related to HeOr. The scores from the 15-item French version of the TOS in the current sample appears to present an adequate internal consistency, pattern of associations in line with what was theoretically expected, and promising for differentiating both types of orthorexia in a French population. We discuss why both dimensions of orthorexia should be considered in this area of research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2050-2974
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s40337-023-00764-5
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2699357-0
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Computerized Adaptive Testing: The Capitalization on Chance Problem
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2012
    In:  The Spanish journal of psychology Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2012-03), p. 424-441
    Details
    In: The Spanish journal of psychology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2012-03), p. 424-441
    Abstract: Se describen varios estudios de simulación para examinar los efectos de la capitalización del azar en la selección de items y la estimación de rasgo en Tests Adaptativos Informatizados (TAI), empleando el modelo logístico de 3 parámetros. Para generar diferentes errores de estimación de los parámetros de los ítems, se manipuló el tamaño de la muestra de calibración ( N = 500, 1000 y 2000 sujetos), así como la ratio entre tamaño del banco y longitud del test (bancos de 197 y 788 ítems, longitudes del test de 20 y 40 ítems), ambos tanto en un TAI como en un test aleatorio. Los resultados muestran que la capitalización del azar es especialmente importante en el TAI, donde se obtuvo un sesgo positivo en las condiciones de escaso tamaño de la muestra. Para rangos amplios de θ, la sobrestimación de la precisión (Se asintótico) alcanza niveles del 40%, algo que no ocurre con los valores de RMSE (θ). El problema es mayor a medida que se incrementa la ratio entre el tamaño del banco de ítems y la longitud del test. Varias soluciones fueron puestas a prueba en un segundo estudio, donde se incorporaron dos métodos para el control de la exposición en los algoritmos de selección de los ítems. Se discuten también algunas soluciones alternativas.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1138-7416 , 1988-2904
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5209/rev_SJOP.2012.v15.n1.37348
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2012
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Cheating on Unproctored Internet Test Applications: An Analysis of a Verification Test in a Real Personnel Selection Context
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2018
    In:  The Spanish Journal of Psychology Vol. 21 ( 2018)
    Details
    In: The Spanish Journal of Psychology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 21 ( 2018)
    Abstract: This study analyses the extent to which cheating occurs in a real selection setting. A two-stage, unproctored and proctored, test administration was considered. Test score inconsistencies were concluded by applying a verification test (Guo and Drasgow Z-test). An initial simulation study showed that the Z-test has adequate Type I error and power rates in the specific selection settings explored. A second study applied the Z-test statistic verification procedure to a sample of 954 employment candidates. Additional external evidence based on item time response to the verification items was gathered. The results revealed a good performance of the Z-test statistic and a relatively low, but non-negligible, number of suspected cheaters that showed higher distorted ability estimates. The study with real data provided additional information on the presence of suspected cheating in unproctored applications and the viability of using item response times as an additional evidence of cheating. In the verification test, suspected cheaters spent 5.78 seconds per item more than expected considering the item difficulty and their assumed ability in the unproctored stage. We found that the percentage of suspected cheaters in the empirical study could be estimated at 13.84%. In summary, the study provides evidence of the usefulness of the Z-test in the detection of cheating in a specific setting, in which a computerized adaptive test for assessing English grammar knowledge was used for personnel selection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1138-7416 , 1988-2904
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2018.50
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2073783-X
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Optimal Number of Strata for the Stratified Methods in Computerized Adaptive Testing
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2014
    In:  The Spanish Journal of Psychology Vol. 17 ( 2014)
    Details
    In: The Spanish Journal of Psychology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 17 ( 2014)
    Abstract: Test security can be a major problem in computerized adaptive testing, as examinees can share information about the items they receive. Of the different item selection rules proposed to alleviate this risk, stratified methods are among those that have received most attention. In these methods, only low discriminative items can be presented at the beginning of the test and the mean information of the items increases as the test goes on. To do so, the item bank must be divided into several strata according to the information of the items. To date, there is no clear guidance about the optimal number of strata into which the item bank should be split. In this study, we will simulate conditions with different numbers of strata, from 1 (no stratification) to a number of strata equal to test length (maximum level of stratification) while manipulating the maximum exposure rate that no item should surpass ( r max ) in its whole domain. In this way, we can plot the relation between test security and accuracy, making it possible to determine the number of strata that leads to better security while holding constant measurement accuracy. Our data indicates that the best option is to stratify into as many strata as possible.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1138-7416 , 1988-2904
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2014.50
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2073783-X
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Rotating Item Banks versus Restriction of Maximum Exposure Rates in Computerized Adaptive Testing
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2008
    In:  The Spanish Journal of Psychology Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2008-11), p. 618-625
    Details
    In: The Spanish Journal of Psychology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2008-11), p. 618-625
    Abstract: Si los examinandos conocieran de antemano una parte del contenido de un test adaptativo informatizado, sus niveles estimados de rasgo tendrían un marcado sesgo positivo. Una de las estrategias para evitar esto consiste en dividir un gran banco de ítems en varios sub-bancos y rotar el sub-banco empleado (Ariel, Veldkamp & van der Linden, 2004). Esta estrategia permite mejoras sustanciales en el control de la exposición con poca merma de la precisión de la medida. Sin embargo, no sabemos si esta opción proporciona mejores resultados que el uso del banco maestro con más restricción en la tasa máxima de exposición (Sympson & Hetter, 1985). Para investigar este problema, trabajamos con varios bancos simulados de 2100 ítems, comparándolos, en RMSE y en tasa de solapamiento, con los mismos bancos divididos en dos, tres… hasta siete sub-bancos. Mediante manipulación extensa de la tasa máxima de exposición en cada banco, encontramos que la opción de rotar los bancos ofrecía resultados ligeramente mejores que la opción de restringir la tasa máxima de exposición del banco maestro mediante el método Sympson-Hetter.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1138-7416 , 1988-2904
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1138741600004625
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2073783-X
    SSG: 7,36
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Correction: A consensus document on definition and diagnostic criteria for orthorexia nervosa
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity Vol. 28, No. 1 ( 2023-09-16)
    Details
    In: Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 28, No. 1 ( 2023-09-16)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1590-1262
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s40519-023-01599-4
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2061177-8
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