In:
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 17, No. 11 ( 2023-11-20), p. e0011742-
Abstract:
Mayaro virus (MAYV) is a mosquito-transmitted alphavirus that causes debilitating and persistent arthritogenic disease. While MAYV was previously reported to infect non-human primates (NHP), characterization of MAYV pathogenesis is currently lacking. Therefore, in this study we characterized MAYV infection and immunity in rhesus macaques. To inform the selection of a viral strain for NHP experiments, we evaluated five MAYV strains in C57BL/6 mice and showed that MAYV strain BeAr505411 induced robust tissue dissemination and disease. Three male rhesus macaques were subcutaneously challenged with 10 5 plaque-forming units of this strain into the arms. Peak plasma viremia occurred at 2 days post-infection (dpi). NHPs were taken to necropsy at 10 dpi to assess viral dissemination, which included the muscles and joints, lymphoid tissues, major organs, male reproductive tissues, as well as peripheral and central nervous system tissues. Histological examination demonstrated that MAYV infection was associated with appendicular joint and muscle inflammation as well as presence of perivascular inflammation in a wide variety of tissues. One animal developed a maculopapular rash and two NHP had viral RNA detected in upper torso skin samples, which was associated with the presence of perivascular and perifollicular lymphocytic aggregation. Analysis of longitudinal peripheral blood samples indicated a robust innate and adaptive immune activation, including the presence of anti-MAYV neutralizing antibodies with activity against related Una virus and chikungunya virus. Inflammatory cytokines and monocyte activation also peaked coincident with viremia, which was well supported by our transcriptomic analysis highlighting enrichment of interferon signaling and other antiviral processes at 2 days post MAYV infection. The rhesus macaque model of MAYV infection recapitulates many of the aspects of human infection and is poised to facilitate the evaluation of novel therapies and vaccines targeting this re-emerging virus.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1935-2735
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.g001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.g002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.g003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.g004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.g005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.g006
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.g007
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.g008
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.g009
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.g010
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.t001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.t002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.s001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.s002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.s003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.s004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.s005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.s006
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.s007
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.s008
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.s009
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.s010
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.s011
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.s012
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.s013
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.s014
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.s015
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.s016
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.r001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.r002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.r003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011742.r004
Language:
English
Publisher:
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publication Date:
2023
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2429704-5
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