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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    TRAINING LOAD DEMANDS MEASURED BY SURFACE ELECTROMYOGRAPHY WEARABLE TECHNOLOGY WHEN PERFORMING LAW ENFORCEMENT-SPECIFIC BODY DRAGS
    University of Nis ; 2020
    In:  Facta Universitatis, Series: Physical Education and Sport , No. 1 ( 2020-06-01), p. 001-
    Details
    In: Facta Universitatis, Series: Physical Education and Sport, University of Nis, , No. 1 ( 2020-06-01), p. 001-
    Abstract: The use of surface electromyography (sEMG) wearable technology to measure training load (TL) during law enforcement-specific tasks (e.g. a body drag) requires investigation. This study determined muscle activation differences represented as TL during a 9.75-m drag with 74.84 kg and 90.72 kg dummies. Eight men and three women were fitted with a compression short or legging embedded with sEMG wearable technology to measure the quadriceps (QUAD; vastus medialis+vastus lateralis), biceps femoris (BF), and gluteus maximus (GM). After fitting on day one, participants completed maximal voluntary isometric contractions for each muscle to normalize the sEMG signal and calculate TL units. On days two and three, participants performed a 9.75 m body drag using either the 74.84 kg or the 90.72 kg dummy while wearing the technology. Participants lifted the dummy off the floor to a standing position and dragged it as quickly as possible over 9.75 m. Paired samples t-tests calculated between-drag differences for: time; QUAD, BF, GM, and total TL; and QUAD-BF, GM-BF, anterior-posterior (QUAD-GM+BF) ratios. QUAD TL was 9% greater (p=0.035), and GM TL was 8% lower (p=0.043), in the 90.72 kg body drag compared to the 74.84 kg drag. There were no between-mass differences in time, BF TL, total TL, or the ratios. QUAD TL increased while GM TL decreased when participants dragged a 90.72 kg dummy. As drag time was not different between the masses, drag mechanics may have changed leading to increased QUAD TL. sEMG wearable technology could be a useful method to measure TL in law enforcement-specific dragging tasks.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2406-0496 , 1451-740X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.22190/FUPES200221002L
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: University of Nis
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2494791-X
    SSG: 31
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Relationship Between the 20-m Multistage Fitness Test and 2.4-km Run in Law Enforcement Recruits
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research Vol. 35, No. 10 ( 2021-10), p. 2756-2761
    Details
    In: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 35, No. 10 ( 2021-10), p. 2756-2761
    Abstract: Lockie, RG, Dawes, JJ, Moreno, MR, Cesario, KA, Balfany, K, Stierli, M, Dulla, JM, and Orr, RM. Relationship between the 20-m multistage fitness test and 2.4-km run in law enforcement recruits. J Strength Cond Res 35(10): 2756–2761, 2021—In the United States, the 2.4-km run is arguably the most common law enforcement aerobic assessment. Potential limitations are that recruits use an internal pacing strategy, the test requires fewer direction changes, and less-fit recruits run for longer. The 20-m multistage fitness test (20MSFT) is commonly used internationally to assess aerobic fitness in law enforcement recruits and provides an external pacing strategy. This study documented sex differences between the 2.4-km run and 20MSFT in law enforcement recruits, and between-test relationships. Retrospective analysis on 8 academy classes (463 men and 87 women) from 1 agency was conducted. The 20MSFT was completed before academy and the 2.4-km run in the first week. Between-sex comparisons in the 2.4-km run and 20MSFT were conducted with independent-samples t -tests and effect sizes. Estimated V̇ o 2 max from the tests was compared with paired-samples t -tests. Correlations and linear regression calculated 2.4-km run and 20MSFT relationships. There were significant between-sex differences for the 2.4-km run and 20MSFT ( p 〈 0.01), with moderate ( d = 0.9) and small ( d = 0.4) effects, respectively. Estimated 2.4-km run V̇ o 2 max was greater than that from the 20MSFT ( p 〈 0.01). The 2.4-km run had significant relationships with the 20MSFT ( r = −0.6), although the regression equations were low ( r 2 = 0.30–0.37). Between-sex differences in the 20MSFT seemed less than for those in the 2.4-km run. Nonetheless, even with significant relationships between the tests, the 20MSFT induces a higher running intensity and direction changes. This may limit transferability with the 2.4-km run in law enforcement recruits.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1064-8011
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003217
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2142889-X
    SSG: 31
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Effects of Lateral Bounds on Post-Activation Potentiation of Change-of-Direction Speed Measured by the 505 Test in College-Aged Men and Women
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Sports Vol. 8, No. 5 ( 2020-05-22), p. 71-
    Details
    In: Sports, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 5 ( 2020-05-22), p. 71-
    Abstract: Forty recreationally-trained individuals completed four testing sessions to determine whether lateral bounds (LB) or weighted lateral bounds enhanced change-of-direction (COD) speed measured by the 505 COD speed test. Session 1 included vertical jump and lateral bound (LB) testing to measure power. Sessions 2–4 involved three randomized conditioning activities (CA): 3 × 5 LB; 3 × 5 weighted LB (10% body mass provided by a weighted vest); and a control condition (4-min rest). The 505 COD speed test was performed 5- and 2.5-min pre-CA, and ~15 s, 4, 8, 12, and 16 min post-CA. A 3 × 6 repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) calculated performance changes across time points post-CA. A 3 × 2 repeated measures ANOVA analyzed best potentiated performance. Smallest worthwhile change (SWC) measured within-subject 505 COD speed test performance. Partial correlations controlling for sex calculated relationships between the vertical jump, LB, and percent potentiation. There were no differences (p = 0.919) in 505 time relative to baseline for any CA, nor was the SWC exceeded. The best potentiated 505 time was faster (p 〈 0.001) than baseline for all CA, with no between-CA differences. There were no significant (p = 0.056–0.993) correlations between power and potentiation. LB and weighted LB did not potentiate the 505 COD speed test, although performance was not hindered.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4663
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/sports8050071
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704239-X
    SSG: 31
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Study in Parkinson’s disease of exercise phase 3 (SPARX3): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Trials Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2022-10-06)
    Details
    In: Trials, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2022-10-06)
    Abstract: To date, no medication has slowed the progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Preclinical, epidemiological, and experimental data on humans all support many benefits of endurance exercise among persons with PD. The key question is whether there is a definitive additional benefit of exercising at high intensity, in terms of slowing disease progression, beyond the well-documented benefit of endurance training on a treadmill for fitness, gait, and functional mobility. This study will determine the efficacy of high-intensity endurance exercise as first-line therapy for persons diagnosed with PD within 3 years, and untreated with symptomatic therapy at baseline. Methods This is a multicenter, randomized, evaluator-blinded study of endurance exercise training. The exercise intervention will be delivered by treadmill at 2 doses over 18 months: moderate intensity (4 days/week for 30 min per session at 60–65% maximum heart rate) and high intensity (4 days/week for 30 min per session at 80–85% maximum heart rate). We will randomize 370 participants and follow them at multiple time points for 24 months. The primary outcome is the Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) motor score (Part III) with the primary analysis assessing the change in MDS-UPDRS motor score (Part III) over 12 months, or until initiation of symptomatic antiparkinsonian treatment if before 12 months. Secondary outcomes are striatal dopamine transporter binding, 6-min walk distance, number of daily steps, cognitive function, physical fitness, quality of life, time to initiate dopaminergic medication, circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Tertiary outcomes are walking stride length and turning velocity. Discussion SPARX3 is a Phase 3 clinical trial designed to determine the efficacy of high-intensity, endurance treadmill exercise to slow the progression of PD as measured by the MDS-UPDRS motor score. Establishing whether high-intensity endurance treadmill exercise can slow the progression of PD would mark a significant breakthrough in treating PD. It would have a meaningful impact on the quality of life of people with PD, their caregivers and public health. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04284436. Registered on February 25, 2020.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1745-6215
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06703-0
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2040523-6
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Physical Fitness Characteristics That Relate to Work Sample Test Battery Performance in Law Enforcement Recruits
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 15, No. 11 ( 2018-11-06), p. 2477-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 11 ( 2018-11-06), p. 2477-
    Abstract: This study determined relationships between an agency-specific fitness test battery (PT500), and a work sample test battery (WSTB) in law enforcement recruits. Retrospective analysis on 219 males and 34 females from one agency was conducted. The PT500 comprised: push-ups, sit-ups, and mountain climbers in 120 s; pull-ups; and 201 m and 2.4 km runs. The WSTB comprised: 99 yard (90.53 m) obstacle course (99OC); body drag (BD) with a 165 pound (75 kg) dummy; 6 foot (1.83 m) chain link fence (CLF) and solid wall (SW) climb; and 500 yard (457.2 m) run (500R). Partial correlations, controlling for sex, calculated PT500 and WSTB relationships (p 〈 0.05). Stepwise regression determined whether fitness predicted WSTB performance. The 500R related to all PT500 assessments (r range = −0.127–0.574), 99OC related to all bar push-ups and mountain climbers, and BD related to none. The CLF related to sit-ups, pull-ups, and 2.4 km run; SW related to mountain climbers, pull-ups, and 2.4 km run (r range = −0.127–−0.315). Push-ups, pull-ups, and 2.4 km run were involved in predictive relationships for 99OC, CLF, SW, and 500R (r2 range = 0.217–0.500). To perform better in the WSTB and job-specific tasks, developing upper-body strength and aerobic fitness may be beneficial.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15112477
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Influence of Physical Fitness on Reasons for Academy Separation in Law Enforcement Recruits
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 16, No. 3 ( 2019-01-29), p. 372-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 3 ( 2019-01-29), p. 372-
    Abstract: This study analyzed the effects physical fitness may have on reasons for academy separation in law enforcement recruits. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 401 recruits; 330 recruits graduated (GRAD), and 71 recruits separated at various times during academy. Twenty-eight recruits separated for personal reasons (SEPPR); 18 due to physical training failures (i.e., poor fitness) or injury (SEPFI); and 25 due to academic or scenario failures (SEPAS). Fitness testing occurred prior to academy, and included: Push-ups and sit-ups in 60s; a 75-yard pursuit run (75PR); vertical jump; medicine ball throw; and multistage fitness test (MSFT). A one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc compared between-group fitness test performance. A multiple stepwise regression calculated whether recruit characteristics or fitness could predict separation. The GRAD group was younger than the SEPAS group (p 〈 0.01), faster in the 75PR than the SEPFI group (p = 0.02), and completed more MSFT shuttles than the SEPPR and SEPFI groups (p = 0.01). Age predicted GRAD and SEPAS group inclusion; MSFT predicted GRAD, SEPPR, and SEPFI group inclusion. Recruits who had superior high-intensity running capacity (75PR) and aerobic fitness (MSFT) should have a better chance of completing academy. However, this could be influenced by training practices adopted during academy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16030372
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sports Performance Wearable Technology, sEMG, and Manual Muscle Testing: Practical Methods for Measuring Maximal Voluntary Contractions : 192 Board #30 May 29 9:30 AM - 11:00 AM
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2019
    In:  Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise Vol. 51, No. 6S ( 2019-6), p. 38-38
    Details
    In: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 51, No. 6S ( 2019-6), p. 38-38
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1530-0315 , 0195-9131
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000560603.40907.81
    RVK:
    ZX 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2031167-9
    SSG: 31
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Physical Activity Postings On Social Media : Physical Activity And Self-presentation Differences Between Sharers And Non-sharers 1312 Board #120 May 31 9 00 AM - 10 30 AM
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2018
    In:  Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise Vol. 50, No. 5S ( 2018-05), p. 312-
    Details
    In: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 50, No. 5S ( 2018-05), p. 312-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0195-9131
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000536106.35552.b4
    RVK:
    ZX 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2031167-9
    SSG: 31
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Preliminary Analysis of Relationships between a 1RM Hexagonal Bar Load and Peak Power with the Tactical Task of a Body Drag
    Termedia Sp. z.o.o. ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Human Kinetics Vol. 68, No. 1 ( 2019-08-21), p. 157-166
    Details
    In: Journal of Human Kinetics, Termedia Sp. z.o.o., Vol. 68, No. 1 ( 2019-08-21), p. 157-166
    Abstract: A critical job task for law enforcement officers that should be influenced by strength is the body drag. This study analyzed relationships between absolute and relative strength measured by a one-repetition maximum hexagonal bar deadlift (1RM HBD), with body drags completed with 74.84 kg and 90.72 kg dummies. Twenty recreationally-trained individuals completed the 1RM HBD in one session, with peak power measured via a linear position transducer. Over two subsequent sessions, participants dragged the 74.84 kg and 90.72 kg dummies with two techniques. The first technique followed Californian standards, where participants wrapped their arms around the dummy and lifted it to standing before timing commenced. In the adapted technique, timing included the initial manipulation of the dummy. Participants dragged the dummy as quickly as possible over a 9.75 m distance. Partial correlations and linear regression (controlling for sex; p 〈 0.05) analyzed relationships between the HBD and body drags. The standard 74.84 kg body drag correlated with every HBD variable (r = -0.477 to -0.666), and was predicted by the absolute 1RM HBD (r 2 = 0.467). The adapted 74.84 kg drag correlated with all HBD variables (r = -0.535 to - 0.754), and was predicted by peak power and the 1RM HBD (r 2 = 0.758). Both 90.72 kg drags correlated with absolute and relative 1RM HBD (r = -0.517 to -0.670). Strength related to all body drags; peak power may be more important for drags with lighter loads. Strength training should be a focus in law enforcement to enhance drag performance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1899-7562
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2478/hukin-2019-0064
    Language: English
    Publisher: Termedia Sp. z.o.o.
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2503989-1
    SSG: 31
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