In:
Molecular Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 22, No. 16 ( 2013-08), p. 4196-4209
Abstract:
Population declines and extinctions of amphibians have been attributed to the chytrid fungus B atrachochytrium dendrobatidis ( B d), especially one globally emerging recombinant lineage (‘ B d‐ GPL ’). We used PCR assays that target the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region ( ITS ) of B d to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of B d in S outh K orea, where B d is widely distributed but is not known to cause morbidity or mortality in wild populations. We isolated K orean B d strains from native amphibians with low infection loads and compared them to known worldwide B d strains using 19 polymorphic SNP and microsatellite loci. B d prevalence ranged between 12.5 and 48.0%, in 11 of 17 native K orean species, and 24.7% in the introduced bullfrog L ithobates catesbeianus . Based on ITS sequence variation, 47 of the 50 identified Korean haplotypes formed a group closely associated with a native B razilian B d lineage, separated from the B d‐ GPL lineage. However, multilocus genotyping of three K orean B d isolates revealed strong divergence from both Bd‐ GPL and the native B razilian B d lineages. Thus, the ITS region resolves genotypes that diverge from B d‐ GPL but otherwise generates ambiguous phylogenies. Our results point to the presence of highly diversified endemic strains of B d across A sian amphibian species. The rarity of B d‐ GPL ‐associated haplotypes suggests that either this lineage was introduced into K orea only recently or B d‐ GPL has been outcompeted by native B d strains. Our results highlight the need to consider possible complex interactions among native B d lineages, B d‐ GPL and their associated amphibian hosts when assessing the spread and impact of B d‐ GPL on worldwide amphibian populations.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
0962-1083
,
1365-294X
DOI:
10.1111/mec.2013.22.issue-16
Language:
English
Publisher:
Wiley
Publication Date:
2013
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2020749-9
detail.hit.zdb_id:
1126687-9
SSG:
12
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