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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Supplementary material 1 from: von Rintelen K, Arida E, Häuser C (2017) A review of biodiversity-related issues and challenges in megadiverse Indonesia and other Southeast Asian countries. Research Ideas and Outcomes 3: e20860. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.3.e20860
    Pensoft Publishers ; 2017
    In:  Research Ideas and Outcomes Vol. 3 ( 2017-09-11)
    Details
    In: Research Ideas and Outcomes, Pensoft Publishers, Vol. 3 ( 2017-09-11)
    Abstract: Indonesia is one of the ten member states of the economically and politically diverse regional organization of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Southeast Asia comprises four of the 25 global biodiversity hotspots, three of the 17 global megadiverse countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines) and the most diverse coral reefs in the world. All member states are Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). We discuss ASEAN-wide joint activities on nature conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity that do not stop at national borders. The Indonesian archipelago comprises two of the world’s biodiversity hotspots (areas with a high degree of endemic species that are highly threatened by loss of habitats): Its insular character and complex geological history led to the evolution of a megadiverse fauna and flora on the global scale. The importance of biodiversity, e.g., in traditional medicine and agriculture, is deep-rooted in Indonesian society. Modern biodiversity pathways include new fields of application in technology, pharmacy and economy along with environmental policies. This development occurred not only in Indonesia but also in other biodiversity-rich tropical countries. This review summarizes and discusses the unique biodiversity of Indonesia from different angles (science, society, environmental policy, and bioeconomy) and brings it into context within the ASEAN region. The preconditions of each member state for biodiversity-related activities are rather diverse. Much was done to improve the conditions for biodiversity research and use in several countries, primarily in those with a promising economic development. However, ASEAN as a whole still has further potential for more joint initiatives. Especially Indonesia has the highest biodiversity potential within the ASEAN and beyond, but likewise the highest risk of biodiversity loss. We conclude that Indonesia has not taken full advantage of this potential yet. A growing national interest in local biodiversity as a natural resource is a welcome development on one hand, but the risk of too many restrictions for, e.g., the science community (high level of bureaucracy at all project stages from planning phase, visa procedures, field work permits, scientific exchange and project managment issues, governmental budget cuts for basic research and restricted access to international literature for Indonesian researchers) does significantly hamper the internationalization of biodiversity-related science. In the long run, Indonesia has to find a balance between protectionism and sensible access to its national biodiversity to tackle global challenges in biodiversity conservation, health issues, food security, and climate change.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2367-7163
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3897/rio.3.e20860
    DOI: 10.3897/rio.3.e20860.r60604
    DOI: 10.3897/rio.3.e20860.r60603
    DOI: 10.3897/rio.3.e20860.r151965
    DOI: 10.3897/rio.3.e20860.figure1
    DOI: 10.3897/rio.3.e20860.figure2
    DOI: 10.3897/rio.3.e20860.suppl1
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2833254-4
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impacts of anthropogenic pressures on the contemporary biogeography of threatened crocodilians in Indonesia
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2019
    In:  Oryx Vol. 53, No. 3 ( 2019-07), p. 570-581
    Details
    In: Oryx, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 53, No. 3 ( 2019-07), p. 570-581
    Abstract: The Greater Sunda region of South-east Asia supports a rich diversity of economically and ecologically important species. However, human pressures are reshaping contemporary biogeography across the region. Megafaunal distributional patterns have been particularly affected because of deforestation, poaching and human–wildlife conflict. Crocodilians are at the centre of these conflicts in Indonesia and yet remain poorly studied across much of the archipelago. We conducted population surveys of salt-water crocodiles Crocodylus porosus and false gharials Tomistoma schlegelii in Sumatra, and examined whether crocodile abundance and distribution are correlated with variations in human disturbance, fishing pressure, and habitat type. We then used these data to model remaining suitable habitat for T. schlegelii across South-east Asia. We found that abundance of T. schlegelii and C. porosus was correlated with distance from human settlements, and fish-trapping pressure. We recorded the presence of T. schlegelii in a river system in which it was previously unknown, thus expanding the known range of the species. We also found that the predicted remaining suitable habitat for T. schlegelii in Indonesia is largely limited to areas of low human activity. From these empirical and modelling approaches we propose several key conservation priorities: (1) eliminate the use of fish traps in remaining patches of T. schlegelii habitat, (2) prioritize crocodile population surveys in remaining suitable habitat, particularly in remote areas, (3) consider T. schlegelii to be potentially Endangered locally in Sumatra, and (4) expand existing reserves around the Lower Kampar River and Berbak National Park/Sembilang National Park areas of Sumatra.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0030-6053 , 1365-3008
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0030605317000977
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020801-7
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 23
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  • 3
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    FIRST REPORT ON THE FEEDING BEHAVIOR OF EARLESS MONITOR, LANTHANOTUS BORNEENSIS AND ITS PREDATION ON RICE FIELD FROG, FEJERVARYA LIMNOCHARIS IN A CAPTIVE ENVIRONMENT
    National Research and Innovation Agency ; 2021
    In:  TREUBIA Vol. 48, No. 2 ( 2021-12-30), p. 103-116
    Details
    In: TREUBIA, National Research and Innovation Agency, Vol. 48, No. 2 ( 2021-12-30), p. 103-116
    Abstract: Being endemic to Borneo, the Earless monitor, Lanthanotus borneensis (Steindachner, 1878) is rarely found in its habitats due to its cryptic behavior. We provide care for confiscated animals in the Reptile House of Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) in Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia since 2014. Little is known on its natural prey but from scattered descriptive reports. This study is aimed at documenting the feeding behavior of ten captive Earless monitors and events of predation on frogs. We set up two experiments, one with meat of Rice Field Frog, Fejervarya limnocharis, and the other with live frog of the same species. Our recorded observations ran for four weeks for the frog meat feeding experiment and followed by the frog predation experiment. Our results showed that lizards constantly accepted frog meat. Lizards tended to feed before sunset for a short period of time on the muddy soil surface, although a few individuals inconsistently fed under water. The average body mass for these lizards increased by 4.29 g and average SVL by 0.45 cm. We recorded predation on frogs in three out of ten individuals observed during this study. If F. limnocharis is confirmed to occur in the natural habitats of L. borneensis, it is possible that this frog species is among the natural prey for Earless monitors. Further studies on its natural diets should be conducted to gain in-depth knowledge essential for generating effective captive husbandry for this nationally protected species in Indonesia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2337-876X , 0082-6340
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.14203/treubia.v48i2.4115
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: National Research and Innovation Agency
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2848897-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
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    Molecular Sex Determination of Captive Komodo Dragons (Varanus komodoensis) at Gembira Loka Zoo, Surabaya Zoo, and Ragunan Zoo, Indonesia
    Bogor Agricultural University ; 2014
    In:  HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 21, No. 2 ( 2014-06), p. 65-75
    Details
    In: HAYATI Journal of Biosciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Vol. 21, No. 2 ( 2014-06), p. 65-75
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1978-3019
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4308/hjb.21.2.65
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bogor Agricultural University
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2621600-0
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  • 5
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    Diverge and Conquer: Phylogenomics of southern Wallacean forest skinks (Genus: Sphenomorphus ) and their colonization of the Lesser Sunda Archipelago
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Evolution Vol. 76, No. 10 ( 2022-10), p. 2281-2301
    Details
    In: Evolution, Wiley, Vol. 76, No. 10 ( 2022-10), p. 2281-2301
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0014-3820 , 1558-5646
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/evo.v76.10
    DOI: 10.1111/evo.14592
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2036375-8
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
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    Mitochondrial DNA suggests the existence of two distinct species in Moluccas and New Guinea within Nyctimystes infrafrenatus (Günther, 1867)
    UNS Solo ; 2021
    In:  Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22, No. 8 ( 2021-07-19)
    Details
    In: Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, UNS Solo, Vol. 22, No. 8 ( 2021-07-19)
    Abstract: Abstract. Sulaeman TN, Hamidy A, Farajallah A, Fouquet A, Riyanto A, Arida E, Mulyadi, Trilaksono W, Munir M. 2021. Mitochondrial DNA suggests the existence of two distinct species in Moluccas and New Guinea within Nyctimystes infrafrenatus (Günther, 1867). Biodiversitas 22: 3287-3297. Nyctimystes infrafrenatus is a widespread frog species distributed across northern Australia, New Guinea, Bismarck archipelago and in the eastern part of Indonesian archipelago. The species thus encompasses two biogeographic regions, Papua and Wallacea. We evaluated the phylogenetic relationships among the populations from Papua and Moluccas based on two mitochondrial loci (16S rRNA and Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I). Two major subclades are recovered within Nyctimystes infrafrenatus with subclade A being represented by populations from New Guinea and northern Australia and subclade B by Moluccan populations (Halmahera and Tidore). Genetic distances (2.3-4.2% in 16S rRNA) between these subclades suggest they could belong to distinct species. Since New Guinea populations correspond to the nominal species and that Nyctimystes tennuigranulatus (Boettger 1895), currently considered as a junior synonym of Nyctimystes infrafrenatus, is available for the northern Moluccan populations, we proposed to remove this taxon from synonymy. However, samples used in this study come from northern Moluccas, further studies including samples from Ambon (where another synonym was described i.e. Calamita dolichopsis) is needed to determine the taxonomic status of the southern Moluccan population whether they are conspecific with northern Moluccan population or not.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2085-4722 , 1412-033X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220823
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: UNS Solo
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2660049-3
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Exploring the vertebrate fauna of the Bird’s Head Peninsula (Indonesia, West Papua) through DNA barcodes
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Molecular Ecology Resources Vol. 21, No. 7 ( 2021-10), p. 2369-2387
    Details
    In: Molecular Ecology Resources, Wiley, Vol. 21, No. 7 ( 2021-10), p. 2369-2387
    Abstract: Biodiversity knowledge is widely heterogeneous across the Earth's biomes. Some areas, due to their remoteness and difficult access, present large taxonomic knowledge gaps. Mostly located in the tropics, these areas have frequently experienced a fast development of anthropogenic activities during the last decades and are therefore of high conservation concerns. The biodiversity hotspots of Southeast Asia exemplify the stakes faced by tropical countries. While the hotspots of Sundaland (Java, Sumatra, Borneo) and Wallacea (Sulawesi, Moluccas) have long attracted the attention of biologists and conservationists alike, extensive parts of the Sahul area, in particular the island of New Guinea, have been much less explored biologically. Here, we describe the results of a DNA‐based inventory of aquatic and terrestrial vertebrate communities, which was the objective of a multidisciplinary expedition to the Bird's Head Peninsula (West Papua, Indonesia) conducted between 17 October and 20 November 2014. This expedition resulted in the assembly of 1005 vertebrate DNA barcodes. Based on the use of multiple species‐delimitation methods (GMYC, PTP, RESL, ABGD), 264 molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) were delineated, among which 75 were unidentified and an additional 48 were considered cryptic. This study suggests that the diversity of vertebrates of the Bird's Head is severely underestimated and considerations on the evolutionary origin and taxonomic knowledge of these biotas are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1755-098X , 1755-0998
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/men.v21.7
    DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13411
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2406833-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
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    Melanesia holds the world’s most diverse and intact insular amphibian fauna
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Communications Biology Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2022-11-04)
    Details
    In: Communications Biology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2022-11-04)
    Abstract: Identifying hotspots of biological diversity is a key step in conservation prioritisation. Melanesia—centred on the vast island of New Guinea—is increasingly recognised for its exceptionally species-rich and endemic biota. Here we show that Melanesia has the world’s most diverse insular amphibian fauna, with over 7% of recognised global frog species in less than 0.7% of the world’s land area, and over 97% of species endemic. We further estimate that nearly 200 additional candidate species have been discovered but remain unnamed, pointing to a total fauna in excess of 700 species. Nearly 60% of the Melanesian frog fauna is in a lineage of direct-developing microhylids characterised by smaller distributions than co-occurring frog families, suggesting lineage-specific high beta diversity is a key driver of Melanesian anuran megadiversity. A comprehensive conservation status assessment further highlights geographic concentrations of recently described range-restricted threatened taxa that warrant urgent conservation actions. Nonetheless, by world standards, the Melanesian frog fauna is relatively intact, with 6% of assessed species listed as threatened and no documented extinctions; and thus it provides an unparalleled opportunity to understand and conserve a megadiverse and relatively intact insular biota.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2399-3642
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04105-1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2919698-X
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  • 9
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    Cannibalism in 〈i〉Varanus timorensis〈/i〉 (Squamata: Varanidae) Reveals Some Reproductive Traits of Wild Population on Sabu Island, Indonesia
    Folium Publishing Company ; 2023
    In:  Russian Journal of Herpetology Vol. 30, No. 2 ( 2023-04-25), p. 118-123
    Details
    In: Russian Journal of Herpetology, Folium Publishing Company, Vol. 30, No. 2 ( 2023-04-25), p. 118-123
    Abstract: The Timor monitor lizard, Varanus timorensis, is unknown for its reproductive attributes in the natural habitats in the Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia. Timor monitors inhabit tropical forests and modified lands for agriculture with estimated breeding season between May and July. Reproductive characteristics and overall natural history of this species were observed more in captive populations than resulted from field observations. We report a part of the natural history of V. timorensis, which includes cannibalism of juveniles in wild populations on Sabu Island, Indonesia. Our current records of adult body sizes denote a range of mature females, some of which are likely to have reproduced. Body sizes of Timor monitors on Timor and Sabu suggest a seasonal mating of wild lizards that coincides with dry season and hatching of eggs during the wet season. Breeding for this species is likely to occur once every year. Nevertheless, currently there is no data available on female fecundity that may shed light into reproductive capacity and breeding strategy of Timor monitor across the distribution range in the Lesser Sunda Islands.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1026-2296
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.30906/1026-2296-2023-30-2-118-123
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Folium Publishing Company
    Publication Date: 2023
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
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    Beliefs in the Dietary Benefits of Water Monitor, Varanus salvator Meat in Western Java, Indonesia
    Ethnobiology Society of Indonesia ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 2021-06-26), p. 21-32
    Details
    In: Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology, Ethnobiology Society of Indonesia, Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 2021-06-26), p. 21-32
    Abstract: Local knowledge on the benefits of wild meat is probably the motivation behind consumption of such unusual source of protein. Various tribes in Indonesia are known to include wild meat of monitor lizards, Varanus spp. in their diet for several reasons including health benefits. Water monitor, Varanus salvator, is widely distributed across the Indonesian Archipelago and commonly found even in degraded habitats. Meat and internal organs of this species are commonly known to be consumed in Indonesia by at least three ethnics, i.e. Batak on Sumatra, Dayak on Kalimantan, and Minahasa on Sulawesi islands. We aim to investigate consumption of water monitor meat in a few communities in the western part of Java, where there is likely a custom albeit benign. Previous observations in the province of West Java showed consumption of a smaller scope in Sundanese communities, where religious background is of a restriction. Consumption of water monitor meat all over on Java seemed to be infrequent, yet also prevailing at a level of small business. In the western part of Java, consumption and sales seemed to be dominant in the northern areas, but mostly in Jakarta than in the regencies of West Java province. Direct observations and casual interviews with a few associates in West Java revealed a long-term practice in Cibinong. Besides its gastronomic benefit, meat of water monitor is believed as health tonic for men and a therapeutic method to treat skin diseases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2722-0257 , 1693-6892
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.46359/jte.v4i1
    DOI: 10.46359/jte.v4i1.53
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Ethnobiology Society of Indonesia
    Publication Date: 2021
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