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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Self-reported health and smoking status, and body mass index: a case-control comparison based on GEN SCRIP (GENetics of SChizophRenia In Pakistan) data
    BMJ ; 2021
    In:  BMJ Open Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2021-04), p. e042331-
    Details
    In: BMJ Open, BMJ, Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2021-04), p. e042331-
    Abstract: Individuals with schizophrenia are at a high risk of physical health comorbidities and premature mortality. Cardiovascular and metabolic causes are an important contributor. There are gaps in monitoring, documenting and managing these physical health comorbidities. Because of their condition, patients themselves may not be aware of these comorbidities and may not be able to follow a lifestyle that prevents and manages the complications. In many low-income and middle-income countries including Pakistan, the bulk of the burden of care for those struggling with schizophrenia falls on the families. Objectives To determine the rate of self-reported physical health disorders and risk factors, like body mass index (BMI) and smoking, associated with cardiovascular and metabolic disorders in cases of schizophrenia compared with a group of mentally healthy controls. Design A case-controlled, cross-sectional multicentre study of patients with schizophrenia in Pakistan. Settings Multiple data collection sites across the country for patients, that is, public and private psychiatric OPDs (out patient departments), specialised psychiatric care facilities, and psychiatric wards of teaching and district level hospitals. Healthy controls were enrolled from the community. Participants We report a total of 6838 participants’ data with (N 3411 (49.9%)) cases of schizophrenia compared with a group of healthy controls (N 3427 (50.1%)). Results BMI (OR 0.98 (CI 0.97 to 0.99), p=0.0025), and the rate of smoking is higher in patients with schizophrenia than in controls. Problems with vision (OR 0.13 (0.08 to 0.2), joint pain (OR 0.18 (0.07 to 0.44)) and high cholesterol (OR 0.13 (0.05 to 0.35)) have higher reported prevalence in controls. The cases describe more physical health disorders in the category ‘other’ (OR 4.65 (3.01 to 7.18)). This captures residual disorders not listed in the questionnaire. Conclusions Participants with schizophrenia in comparison with controls report more disorders. The access in the ‘other’ category may be a reflection of undiagnosed disorders.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2044-6055 , 2044-6055
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042331
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2599832-8
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Breastfeeding perception among Medical students of Islamic International Medical College (IIMC) in relation to COVID-19 pandemic
    Rawalpindi Medical University ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College Vol. 26, No. 2 ( 2022-06-30), p. 286-289
    Details
    In: Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College, Rawalpindi Medical University, Vol. 26, No. 2 ( 2022-06-30), p. 286-289
    Abstract: Introduction: Breastfeeding is crucial for the development & growth of the infant in the early years of life. Unfortunately, the incidence of breastfeeding is very low in our part of the world. Doctors play a critical role in the public awareness of the benefits & importance of breastfeeding. This study is done to find out the perception, knowledge and attitude of medical students about breastfeeding and its implications during COVID 19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Islamic International Medical College (IIMC) from 10 November 2021 to 30 November 2021. An online questionnaire was sent to the students of MBBS from first to final year via email. Results were analyzed on SPSS version 21. Results: A total of 316 students participated. The majority of students were aware of the initiation, duration and advantages of breastfeeding. 88% of students answered that breast milk is an ideal food for a baby. 77.2% had the perception that breastfeeding increases mother-infant bonding. 71.51% of students answered that breastfed babies have fewer health-related issues compared to formula-fed babies. 40 % of students were of the idea that there is a risk of transmission of COVID 19 from mother to baby if breastfed fed while 42% believed that breastfeeding protects against COVID 19. Conclusion: The majority of the students of IIMC were aware of the benefits of breastfeeding but most of them lacked knowledge of breastfeeding by mothers suffering from COVID 19. The medical curriculum should have more emphasis on nutrition counselling for both mothers and children and information regarding breastfeeding particularly during situations like COVID 19 pandemic.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1683-3570 , 1683-3562
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.37939/jrmc.v26i2.1866
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Rawalpindi Medical University
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3041999-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Biocomputational Screening and Pharmacological Studies of Gymnema sylvester in Contrast to Human CCR5 and CXCR4 Chemokine Receptors
    Austin Publishing Group ; 2021
    In:  Austin Journal of Proteomics, Bioinformatics & Genomics Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2021-09-23)
    Details
    In: Austin Journal of Proteomics, Bioinformatics & Genomics, Austin Publishing Group, Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2021-09-23)
    Abstract: In last twenty years DNA, profiling has become an obligatory technology, which has brought scientists towards forensic identification. Thousands of STR markers are present in human genome but only core set of loci are selected for forensic DNA and human identification. STRs have become famous in forensic labs because even low amount and degraded form can be easily typed. STRs are found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including humans. They appear scattered almost evenly throughout the human genome, resulting in about 3% of the genome. However, their distribution in chromosomes is not quite uniform. Usually, STRs occur in the noncoding regions, only about 8% are located in the coding regions. In humans, chromosome 19 has the highest density of STRs. On an average, one STR occurs per 2,000 bp in the human genome. On the basis of repeat units, STRs can be differentiated into different types. The repeats of STR markers are highly variable in human population. STR marker evaluation very precisely figures out individual humans at the molecular level even from very small quantities. STR locus in the identification selected is D7S820 from NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology). Conditions for STR with the changes in temperature, magnesium ion concentration, primer and setting up, PCR of the marker used to carry out. PCR product is inspected of agarose gel. The results showed that the STR locus being investigated is detectable by PCR. PCR showed that the detection of primer and temperature conditions measured by using the fixed amount of magnesium, D7S820 locus bands are weaker than expected. Using a buffer and setting magnesium condition towards changes in primer and temperature, addition of Taq polymerase at a temperature of 94°C, bands become visible desirably.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2471-0423
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.26420/austinjproteomicsbioinformgenomics.2021.1030
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Austin Publishing Group
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of fluoxetine and paroxetine on intestinal motility
    Medip Academy ; 2018
    In:  International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology Vol. 7, No. 3 ( 2018-02-22), p. 429-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, Medip Academy, Vol. 7, No. 3 ( 2018-02-22), p. 429-
    Abstract: Background: Serotonin (5-HT) is a biogenic amine that functions as a neurotransmitter of sensorimotor functions in the digestive tract. Te role of 5-HT agents in the modulation of lower gastrointestinal function. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are of potential benefit in functional gastrointestinal diseases although formal evidence is lacking. Apart from central effects, they may have peripheral. The present study was carried out to find out the possible effects of fluoxetine and paroxetine on gastrointestinal smooth muscles of rabbit as they cause severe nausea and vomiting initially.Methods: Experimental study design. Power lab (USA) for recording the contractions of ileal smooth muscle of rabbit in response to serotonin, fluoxetine and paroxetine.Results: The percent responses with serotonin, fluoxetine and paroxetine were 100, 10.53, and 4.75 percent respectively.Conclusions: SSRIs (fluoxetine and paroxetine) were unable to enhance the serotonergic transmission in vitro inturn decreases the qualitative response.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2279-0780 , 2319-2003
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20180654
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Medip Academy
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2681376-2
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparative efficacy of melatonin in attenuation of endotoxin/LPS induced hepatotoxicity in BALB/c mice
    Medip Academy ; 2018
    In:  International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology Vol. 7, No. 6 ( 2018-05-22), p. 1191-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, Medip Academy, Vol. 7, No. 6 ( 2018-05-22), p. 1191-
    Abstract: Background: Sepsis is characterized by overwhelming surge of cytokines and oxidative stress to one of many factors, gram negative bacteria commonly implicated. Despite major expansion and elaboration of sepsis pathophysiology and therapeutic approach; death rate remains very high in septic patients due to multiple organ damage including hepatotoxicity. The present study was aimed to ascertain the adequacy of melatonin (10mg/kg i.p), and its comparability with dexamethasone (3mg/kg i.p), delivered separately and collectively in endotoxin induced hepatotoxicity.Methods: The number of animals in each group was six. Endotoxin/LPS induced hepatotoxicity was reproduced in mice by giving LPS of serotype E. coli intraperitoneally. Preventive role was questioned by giving the experimental agent half an hour prior to LPS injection whereas therapeutic potential of the experimental agent was searched out via post LPS delivering. The extent of liver damage was adjudged via serum alanine aminotransferases (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) estimation along with histopathological examination of liver tissue.Results: Melatonin was prosperous in aversion (Group 3) and curation (Group 4) of LPS invoked hepatotoxicity as evident by lessening of augmented ALT (≤0.01) and AST (≤0.01) along with restoration of pathological changes on liver sections (p≤0.05). Dexamethasone given before (Group5) and after LPS (Group 6) significantly (p≤0.05) attenuated LPS generated liver injury. Combination therapy with dexamethasone in conjunction with melatonin (Group 7) after LPS administration tapered LPS evoked hepatic dysfunction statistically considerably, however the result was comparable to single agent therapy.Conclusions: Melatonin set up promising results in endotoxin induced hepatotoxicity and can be used therapeutic adjuncts to conventional treatment strategies in sepsis induced liver failure. Combination therapies however generated no synergistic results.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2279-0780 , 2319-2003
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20182105
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Medip Academy
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2681376-2
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparison of the Effectiveness and Safety of Chlorthalidone and Hydrochlorothiazide in Patients With Hypertension: A Meta-Analysis
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Cureus
    Details
    In: Cureus, Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2168-8184
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38184
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2747273-5
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparison of fluconazole and itraconazole for treatment of rhinomaxillary mucormycosis
    SelSistem ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Surgery and Medicine
    Details
    In: Journal of Surgery and Medicine, SelSistem
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2602-2079
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.28982/josam.521374
    Language: English
    Publisher: SelSistem
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3001570-4
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impact of Oral Contraceptive Pills on Intraocular Pressure and Central Corneal Thickness in Young Women
    Lahore Medical and Dental College ; 2022
    In:  Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences Vol. 16, No. 8 ( 2022-08-30), p. 267-268
    Details
    In: Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Vol. 16, No. 8 ( 2022-08-30), p. 267-268
    Abstract: COVID-19, highly infectious, respiratory illness caused by SARS-CoV2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) virus. It has devastating effects with high mortality.Infection become worse in patients with pre-existing medical conditions. Hospitals increased the number of critical care units in order to stabilize the pandemic's crisisand to minimize person to person transmission, installation of telemedicine networks, distant workers and internet-based health visits. Objective: To assess the acceptability, attitude and utilization towards telemedicine among COVID19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: In Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan, a telemedicine network was quickly set during COVID-19 epidemic. A descriptive cross-sectional study comprising 144 study subjects aged between 34-58 year who seek telemedicine problems of surgery, cardiology, ENT, dermatology, gynaecology and obstetrics, pulmonology, medicine and paediatrics. Results: Out of 144 study subjectswith telemedicine consultation percent distribution of ENT and pulmonology was (48) 33.3% followed by medicine, gynaecology and obstetrics, dermatology, pediatrics and surgery.Patient’s satisfaction level was 62.5% in cardiac patients. In department of gynaecology and obstetrics patients satisfaction towards telemedicine was 88.9%, (65%) patients in medicine were satisfied, followed by surgery 41.7%. Gender wise distribution showed 64.1% males were satisfied followed by 61.3% females Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic is creating a historic global challenge for health care providers, patients, and societies. Telemedicine is now widely available at low-cost, and broadly acceptable by physicians and patients. Current study highlights the use of telemedicine and effective applications throughout COVID-19 crisis. Telemedicine played an important role for medical practitioners to manage the COVID-19 situation. Keywords: Telemedicine, COVID-19, Pandemics, Crisis, Gynaecology and Obstetrics
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs22168
    DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2216
    DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs22168267
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Lahore Medical and Dental College
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Eating Attitudes of Female Pharmacy students in Pakistan: a Cross-Sectional Psychometric Study
    OZZIE Publishers ; 2016
    In:  Research in Pharmacy and Health Sciences Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2016-2-15), p. 79-84
    Details
    In: Research in Pharmacy and Health Sciences, OZZIE Publishers, Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2016-2-15), p. 79-84
    Abstract: The prevalence of eating disorders among University students has been on rise throughout the world. The present descriptive cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of eating disorders among the female students of pharmacy department at University of Sargodha, Pakistan using well established EAT-26 questionnaire. The study included 177 female undergraduate pharmacy students from all five years of Pharm D. An EAT-26 score over 20 was indicator of disturbed eating behavior. Out of the total 177 students who participated the study, 47 (26.6%) students had disturbed eating behavior. The mean EAT-26 score was 14.7. According to BMI calculations, 31.64% of total individuals were underweight, 59.32% normal, 6.78% overweight and 2.26% belonged to obese category. The prevalence of eating disorders was found to be much higher than the studies conducted at developed countries. There is an urgent need of an effort to increase awareness of such disorders among students and general public. Conduction of such study at other institutes and at larger scale is recommended.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2455-5258
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.32463/rphs
    DOI: 10.32463/rphs.2016.v02i01.14
    Language: English
    Publisher: OZZIE Publishers
    Publication Date: 2016
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wheat-based gluten and its association with pathogenesis of celiac disease: a review
    Informa UK Limited ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Food Properties Vol. 26, No. 1 ( 2023-12-31), p. 511-525
    Details
    In: International Journal of Food Properties, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 26, No. 1 ( 2023-12-31), p. 511-525
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1094-2912 , 1532-2386
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2023.2169709
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2057781-3
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