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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  World Englishes Vol. 36, No. 4 ( 2017-12), p. 726-743
    In: World Englishes, Wiley, Vol. 36, No. 4 ( 2017-12), p. 726-743
    Kurzfassung: We investigate the use of question tags in Trinidadian English. Using a variationist pragmatics approach and spoken material from the Trinidad and Tobago component of the International Corpus of English, we describe the distribution and pragmatic functions of variant and invariant tags across four text types. Variant question tags are rare in Trinidadian English, but a range of invariant question tags is present in the corpus. Tags serve a number of pragmatic functions, and can serve multiple functions simultaneously. Text type is a strong factor influencing the frequency of tag forms and functions, with tags associated with the local creole mainly found in informal text types.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0883-2919 , 1467-971X
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Wiley
    Publikationsdatum: 2017
    ZDB Id: 1495564-7
    ZDB Id: 2271256-2
    SSG: 5,3
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2021
    In:  English Language and Linguistics Vol. 25, No. 3 ( 2021-09), p. 671-675
    In: English Language and Linguistics, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 25, No. 3 ( 2021-09), p. 671-675
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1360-6743 , 1469-4379
    RVK:
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publikationsdatum: 2021
    ZDB Id: 1490686-7
    SSG: 7,25
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    John Benjamins Publishing Company ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages Vol. 34, No. 1 ( 2019-3-22), p. 83-125
    In: Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages, John Benjamins Publishing Company, Vol. 34, No. 1 ( 2019-3-22), p. 83-125
    Kurzfassung: In the anglophone Caribbean, tendencies of endonormative reorientation have been observed in the development of local standards of English. Situated in the school context, this study adds a language attitude perspective on the question of whether and to what extent an endonormative standard of English is emerging in the island of Trinidad. In an accent rating study, 803 secondary students were asked to evaluate the accents of Trinidadian, other anglophone Caribbean, American, and British teachers and to identify their countries of origin. The results indicate that the respondents’ norm orientation is multidimensional and includes exo- and endonormative influences: first, there is a general coexistence of different standards since no standard serves as a superordinate norm. Second, there is no clear-cut distinction between exo- and endonormative accents, but fine-grained differences in the ratings: British and American voices received slightly higher ratings than local ones, but an American-influenced Trinidadian voice was also highly appreciated. These findings provide some new perspectives for evolutionary models of World Englishes and new insights for the discussion of standards in Trinidad, the wider anglophone Caribbean, and other small postcolonial speech communities where different local and global norms interact.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0920-9034 , 1569-9870
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: John Benjamins Publishing Company
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    ZDB Id: 2025549-4
    SSG: 7,11
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    John Benjamins Publishing Company ; 2002
    In:  English World-Wide Vol. 23, No. 2 ( 2002-12-20), p. 195-222
    In: English World-Wide, John Benjamins Publishing Company, Vol. 23, No. 2 ( 2002-12-20), p. 195-222
    Kurzfassung: As a language which for the greater part of its history was used only for simple everyday interactions and which lacks any kind of standardization, Nigerian Pidgin (NigP) is not well equipped for the wide range of functions it has to perform in present-day Nigeria. Among educated NigP speakers, borrowing from English is a common strategy, but broadcasters who translate news from English into NigP have to produce a form of the language that will be intelligible to a target audience whose command of English is limited. The paper offers a discussion of this problem based on a corpus of spoken NigP comprising news and several other text categories. Text samples from the news texts are analysed, and corpus data illustrating Anglicisms and pidginization on the lexical, grammatical and discourse levels are discussed. In addition, the results of an elicitation experiment in which Nigerian informants were asked to evaluate extracts from the corpus by means of a questionnaire are reported. The news texts were found to be less satisfactory than others, and it is argued that this is due not only to Anglicisms but in some cases also to an overuse of pidginization strategies. However, there are also examples of successful adaptation of an English script, and it is argued that even with only a moderate degree of language engineering, one could build on such achievements to make NigP a more viable medium of news broadcasting.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0172-8865 , 1569-9730
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: John Benjamins Publishing Company
    Publikationsdatum: 2002
    ZDB Id: 2020708-6
    SSG: 7,25
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    John Benjamins Publishing Company ; 2009
    In:  Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages Vol. 24, No. 1 ( 2009-3-10), p. 1-52
    In: Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages, John Benjamins Publishing Company, Vol. 24, No. 1 ( 2009-3-10), p. 1-52
    Kurzfassung: This paper describes morphological and syntactic variation in a sample of forty conversations among highly educated Jamaicans taken from the Jamaican component of the International Corpus of English. The guiding question is whether the creole continuum model can account for the way speakers like these, who have a full command of acrolectal Jamaican English and tend to be proficient in Jamaican Creole as well, make use of the range of varieties available to them. Variation in the data is approached from two angles: first, selected variables are analysed quantitatively, and the results are compared to findings for more formal types of texts in the same corpus; second, inter- and intra-textual variation in the sample is described qualitatively. In broad quantitative terms, the data fall in between the ‘high acrolect’ and the upper mesolect but there are fine distinctions in the degree to which Creole features are used in different conversations or segments thereof. Building on Allsopp’s distinction between ‘informal’ and ‘anti-formal’ usage, the paper proposes that morphological and syntactic variation in educated Jamaican speech can be described in the framework of a stylistic continuum, whose relation to the sociolinguistic continuum seems to be a close but complex one.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0920-9034 , 1569-9870
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: John Benjamins Publishing Company
    Publikationsdatum: 2009
    ZDB Id: 2025549-4
    SSG: 7,11
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Wiley ; 2013
    In:  World Englishes Vol. 32, No. 3 ( 2013-09), p. 338-357
    In: World Englishes, Wiley, Vol. 32, No. 3 ( 2013-09), p. 338-357
    Kurzfassung: This paper analyzes online English‐language newspapers from the former British colonies of Kenya, Singapore, and Trinidad and Tobago with respect to Americanisms in spelling and vocabulary. The guiding question is whether the degree of Americanization can be related to the different degrees to which these countries participate in globalization. It is shown that the influence of American English is least pronounced in Kenya and most in Trinidad and Tobago, with Singapore in between, and that globalization is indeed a factor, but that other factors including official language attitudes play a role as well. The role of international news agencies in disseminating Americanisms is also considered and is found to be prominent mainly in the case of Singapore.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0883-2919 , 1467-971X
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Wiley
    Publikationsdatum: 2013
    ZDB Id: 1495564-7
    ZDB Id: 2271256-2
    SSG: 5,3
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  World Englishes Vol. 40, No. 3 ( 2021-09), p. 436-458
    In: World Englishes, Wiley, Vol. 40, No. 3 ( 2021-09), p. 436-458
    Kurzfassung: This paper studies the sociolinguistics of quotative be like in Trinidad and its relation to Trinidadian English Creole (TrinEC). Corpus evidence shows a significant association of be like use and young age as well as female gender, in line with global trends. Questionnaire data reveal that it does not detract from the perception of a speaker as educated and of high social status as long as utterances are grammatically standardized English (StE). TrinEC grammar triggers contrasting perceptions but the data also point to traditional social prejudice against TrinEC being transcended. This ties in with the finding that be like users tend not actually to be averse to using TrinEC. Overall the sociolinguistics of be like in Trinidad is shaped by global trends as well as the local sociolinguistic configuration.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0883-2919 , 1467-971X
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Wiley
    Publikationsdatum: 2021
    ZDB Id: 1495564-7
    ZDB Id: 2271256-2
    SSG: 5,3
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  World Englishes Vol. 42, No. 1 ( 2023-03), p. 48-72
    In: World Englishes, Wiley, Vol. 42, No. 1 ( 2023-03), p. 48-72
    Kurzfassung: Varieties of English in the Caribbean have been claimed to have characteristic pitch patterns. However, there is little empirical research on prosodic aspects of English in the region. This paper provides a comparative phonetic analysis of several pitch parameters (pitch level, range, dynamism, rate of change, variability in rate of change, and tone rate) in English language data from Dominica, Grenada, and Trinidad that comprises read and spontaneous speech from 243 speakers. The results show that a wide pitch range and a high degree of variability in pitch, as mentioned in previous works, are not necessarily characteristic of English in the Caribbean overall, but that there are considerable cross‐territorial prosodic differences, with English in Trinidad showing more variability than in Dominica and Grenada, particularly among female speakers. Socioprosodic variation, largely specific to Trinidad, was also identified.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0883-2919 , 1467-971X
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Wiley
    Publikationsdatum: 2023
    ZDB Id: 1495564-7
    ZDB Id: 2271256-2
    SSG: 5,3
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Duke University Press ; 2022
    In:  American Speech Vol. 97, No. 3 ( 2022-08-1), p. 265-310
    In: American Speech, Duke University Press, Vol. 97, No. 3 ( 2022-08-1), p. 265-310
    Kurzfassung: This study examines newspaper writing from 10 Caribbean countries as a window on the norm orientation of English in the region. The English used in the former British colonies of the Caribbean has been assumed to be especially prone to postcolonial linguistic Americanization, due to mass tourism, media exposure, and long-standing personal and sociocultural links. The authors present a quantitative investigation of variable features, comparing their Caribbean data with American and British reference corpora as well as newspaper collections from India and Nigeria. The amount of American features employed varies by type of feature and country. In all Caribbean corpora, they are more prevalent in the lexicon than in spelling. With regard to grammar, an orientation toward a singular norm cannot be deduced from the data. While Caribbean journalists do partake in worldwide American-led changes, the frequencies of the relevant features align with neither American English nor British English but instead resemble those found in the Indian and Nigerian corpora. Contemporary Caribbean newspaper writing, thus, neither follows traditional British norms nor is it characterized by massive linguistic Americanization; rather, there appears to be a certain conservatism common to New Englishes generally. These results are discussed in light of new considerations on normativity in English in the twenty-first century.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0003-1283 , 1527-2133
    RVK:
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Duke University Press
    Publikationsdatum: 2022
    ZDB Id: 2021104-1
    SSG: 7,26
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Informa UK Limited ; 2013
    In:  Language, Culture and Curriculum Vol. 26, No. 2 ( 2013-07), p. 109-127
    In: Language, Culture and Curriculum, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 26, No. 2 ( 2013-07), p. 109-127
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0790-8318 , 1747-7573
    RVK:
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Informa UK Limited
    Publikationsdatum: 2013
    ZDB Id: 1480963-1
    SSG: 7,11
    SSG: 5,3
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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