Keywords:
Plate tectonics.
;
Electronic books.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (484 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9781483291598
Series Statement:
Physics and Evolution of the Earth's Interior Series
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=1837763
Language:
English
Note:
Front Cover -- Dynamics of the Earth's Evolution -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface to the Series Physics and Evolution of the Earth's Interior -- Chapter 1. Plate Tectonics -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Fundamentals of plate tectonics -- 1.3 Kinematics of lithospheric plates -- 1.4 Oceanic ridges and spreading centres -- References -- Chapter 2. Paleomagnetic Clues to Plate Tectonics -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Continental drift and curves of apparent wandering of the pole -- 2.3 Linear oceanic magnetic anomalies -- 2.4 Hypothesis of an expanding Earth -- References -- Chapter 3. Mapping Mantle Convection -- 3.1 Basic ideas -- 3.2 Anisotropy of the mantle and the effects connected with it -- 3.3 Problem of inversion for a three-dimensional structure -- 3.4 Geoid anomalies and convection -- 3.5 Results of seismic tomography -- References -- Chapter 4. Theoretical Approach to Mantle Convection -- 4.1 Equations of convection -- 4.2 Mathematical methods for mantle convection -- 4.3 Geometrical aspects -- 4.4 Effects of rheology and of other properties of the mantle's material -- 4.5 Time-dependent convection and instabilities in the mantle -- References -- Chapter 5. The Evolving Earth and its Lithospheric Stresses -- 5.1 Monitory mechanism of evolution -- 5.2 Stress field due to the convection flow and the scalar representation theorem on the sphere -- 5.3 Stresses in the lithosphere -- 5.4 Lithospheric stresses and geoid anomalies -- 5.5 Faults and stress distribution -- 5.6 Thermal convection and surface features -- 5.7 Geoid anomalies and low mantle convection -- 5.8 Evolution and deep mass asymmetry -- 5.9 Evolution of a local stress field: simulation of earthquakes and creep events -- References -- Chapter 6. Stresses in the Lithosphere Induced by the Earth's Rotation -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Gravito-elastic approach.
,
6.3 Two-dimensional approach -- 6.4 Secular variation of the rotation vector. Planetological and geophysical applications -- 6.5 General conclusions -- Appendix A -- Appendix B -- References -- Chapter 7. Thermodynamic Approach to Evolution -- 7.1 Evolution of the Earth as a thermodynamic non-equilibrium process -- 7.2 Difficulties involved in the transition from equilibrium to non-equilibrium thermodynamics -- 7.3 Cosmological implications of thermodynamics -- 7.4 Macroscopic aspects of the second law of thermodynamics -- 7.5 Entropy production -- 7.6 Local formulation of the second law of thermodynamics -- 7.7 Linear relations between the flows and the forces -- 7.8 The Onsager reciprocity relations -- 7.9 Theorem of minimum entropy production -- 7.10 Change in the entropy of a system in the course of an irreversible process -- 7.11 Evolution of the Universe and the Earth -- 7.12 Thermodynamic stability -- 7.13 Synergetics -- 7.14 The Prigogine-Glansdorff evolution criterion -- 7.15 The driving force of evolution -- 7.16 "Brusselator" and "Oregonator -- 7.17 Self-organization concept applied: galaxies -- 7.18 Statistical aspects of the formation of dissipative structures -- 7.19 Selection of dissipative structures in a weak gravitational field -- 7.20 Melting and solidification processes at the inner-outer core boundary in the Earth's interior -- 7.21 Diffusion and solution/precipitation processes at the core-mantle boundary -- References -- Chapter 8. Paleomagnetic Clues to Certain Aspects of the Behaviour of the Earth's Magnetic Field -- 8.1 Parameters of the geomagnetic field recorded by rocks -- 8.2 The time constants and sources of information about variation of the geomagnetic field -- 8.3 Paleosecular variation -- 8.4 Reversals of geomagnetic field -- 8.5 Variations of intensity -- References -- Index.
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