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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of Crack Tip Toughness in Alumina as a Function of Grain Size (1997)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 80 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Crack profile measurements near the crack tip in the SEM were used to measure crack tip toughness of alumina as a function of grain size (average grain size 0.9–16 μm). For comparative tests, two crack configurations were included in the present study: straight cracks (CT specimen) loaded with an in situ device; and radial indentation cracks. The measured crack tip toughness values were independent of crack geometry, and no grain size dependence could be discerned. A mean crack tip toughness of 2.3 MPam1/2 was evaluated. The crack tip toughness determined from crack profile measurements is significantly lower than the toughness evaluated with conventional indentation techniques (e.g., indentation strength bending).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1997.tb02848.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stability of pinning centers in fatigued lead–zirconate–titanate (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 80 (2002), S. 1049-1051 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: After bipolar electric fatigue of bulk lead–zirconate–titanate ceramics, the well known reduced remnant polarization values are observed as well as an asymmetric strain hysteresis reflecting a macroscopic offset polarization. Thermal treatment and high electric fields each liberate the domain system from the microscopic defects responsible for the macroscopic offsets. High electric fields (4 Ec) only allow one to remove the type of pinning center inducing an offset polarization, while thermal treatment also removes more stable agglomerates and rejuvenates the material to almost its original properties. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1448654
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liquid-crystal display of stress fields in ferroelectrics (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 2554-2556 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Direct optical images of local surface potentials generated by the process zone of a crack are shown for a thickness-poled ferroelectric ceramic using liquid crystals. The observed potentials can be mapped to stresses within the material revealing the complex shape and time development of the process zone so far not accessible using other techniques. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1365417
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Negligible oxygen liberation during bipolar electric cycling of ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate ceramics (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 3675-3677 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The long-standing question whether or not oxygen gas is liberated from the perovskite lattice during fatigue of ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate ceramics is addressed. During cycling, the surrounding gas atmosphere of the sample was analyzed continuously by a mass spectrometer. It was found that, in contrast to previous statements in the literature, the oxygen detected originates from air dissolved in the surrounding liquid. An upper limit for oxygen liberation from the sample is given. We conclude that all mechanistical approaches for ferroelectric fatigue based on oxygen liberation are in need of revision. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1421089
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical Properties of Monoclinic Zirconia (2004)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 87 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Fracture toughness and fracture strength data are presented for the first time for monoclinic zirconia. An undoped nanocrystalline zirconia powder was sintered at 1100°C and yielded a theoretical density of more than 90% with a grain size of about 150 nm. The surface crack in flexure (SCF) technique was deemed most suitable for nanocrystalline materials. Measurements of Young's modulus and the determination of the fracture origin are also provided.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2004.tb07748.x
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cyclic Fatigue Crack Growth in PZT Under Mechanical Loading (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 88 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Crack growth under static and cyclic mechanical loading in lead zirconate titanate was studied using four point bend specimens in poled and unpoled states. Fatigue crack growth occurred at lower stress intensity factors than crack growth observed under static loading. The relation between crack velocity and applied stress intensity factor under static loading was affected by poling and followed a power-law relationship. Crack velocity vs. stress intensity amplitude under cyclic loading followed a Paris power-law relationship and was found to be unaffected by poling. A controlled unloading experiment revealed that the apparent stress intensity factor for crack extension decreased with increased unloading time but was essentially unaffected when the unloading cycle was less than five seconds, hence indicating the absence of an extrinsic fatigue mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00235.x
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crack–Tip Toughness of a Soft Lead Zirconate Titanate (2003)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 86 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Crack–opening displacement (COD) measurements were performed on a commercial lead zirconate titanate (PZT). The intrinsic fracture toughness (or crack–tip toughness) of this material was determined using a new evaluation procedure, which takes into account the near–tip CODs and complete crack profile CODs. The crack–tip toughness KI0 was determined from an extrapolation of COD data obtained at various loading stages, thus avoiding the complications caused by subcritical crack growth in PZT. Results for plane strain and plane stress condition are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03593.x
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weight Function Analysis on the R-Curve Behavior of Multilayered Alumina–Zirconia Composites (2002)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 85 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The single-edge V-notched-beam (SEVNB) testing geometry was used to measure the crack growth resistance (R-curve) behavior of multilayered alumina–zirconia composites. Fracture mechanics weight function analysis was applied to predict the R-curve behavior of multilayered composites having a stepwise change in composition. These results were then used to differentiate the influence of residual stresses from crack-bridging stresses on the measured R-curve behavior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00304.x
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cosintering Simulation and Experimentation: Case Study of Nanocrystalline Zirconia (2001)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 84 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Laminates consisting of two different nanocrystalline zirconia materials (undoped and 3Y-TZP doped) were sintered, and their densification and curvature were quantified using optical dilatometry. The experimental results agreed well with a continuum-mechanical description for the cosintering of laminates with diffusion coefficients and activation energies determined using densification of the free-sintering materials. The comparison covered various relative layer thicknesses and heating rates, but was developed only for the intermediate and late stages of sintering. Sintering stresses and compatibility stresses also were determined from the model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2001.tb01091.x
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of Functionally Graded Materials from Electrochemically Modified Carbon Preforms (2000)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 83 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A new process based on carbon as a precursor material has been applied successfully to the production of graded Al2O3/Al composites. For this purpose, distinct porosity gradients were introduced into carbon materials via anodic oxidation. The graded structure of the carbon preforms was replicated using two subsequent infiltration steps to yield fully dense Al2O3/Al functionally graded materials with an interpenetrating network microstructure and a continuous variation of metal content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01312.x
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