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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased response rate to interferon therapy after a second course in hepatitis C patients who show relapse after the initial course (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of gastroenterology 35 (2000), S. 607-612 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5922
    Keywords: Key words: chronic hepatitis-C ; HCV-RNA ; relapse ; interferon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Some patients with chronic hepatitis C become HCV-RNA seronegative during interferon (IFN) therapy. However, about one-half of these patients show a relapse, evident by high serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level. In some patients with biochemical relapse, the serum HCV-RNA level becomes low immediately after the ALT relapse. Here, we assessed the changes in serum HCV-RNA level in patients with ALT relapse after IFN therapy, and evaluated the efficacy of a second course of IFN, started at the recovery stage after ALT relapse. Two hundred and seventy-seven patients who showed HCV-RNA seronegativity by reverse transcription nested-polymerase chain reaction (RT nested-PCR) and normalization of ALT during the initial IFN therapy, and had positive HCV-RNA with ALT relapse (〉 100 IU/l) within 3 months after completion of the initial IFN course were enrolled in this retrospective study. Two hundred and sixty patients were followed-up without further IFN retreatment after the ALT relapse (group 1), and 17 patients received another 6-month course of IFN after the ALT relapse (group 2). The median level of serum HCV-RNA, determined with a branched DNA probe assay (version 1; Chiron-Dai-ichi Kagaku Tokyo, Japan), in group 1 was 3.1 Meq/ml before IFN therapy, 1.3 Meq/ml at the time point of the ALT peak after the completion of IFN therapy, and 0.7 and 2.6 Meq/ml at 2–4 and 6–8 weeks after the ALT peak, respectively. The serum HCV-RNA level at 2–4 weeks after the ALT peak was lower than that before IFN therapy. The eradication rate of HCV-RNA (complete response; CR) in group 2 (47.1%; 8/17) was significantly higher than that in group 1 (1.5%; 4/260; P 〈 0.001). In conclusion, our data suggested that: (1) patients who showed biochemical relapse after initial IFN therapy had a significantly lower serum HCV-RNA level at recovery after ALT relapse compared with that before initial IFN therapy. (2) A high response rate was noted after a second course of IFN administered at the recovery stage of the ALT relapse, compared with patients without IFN retreatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005350070060
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluctuation patterns of HCV-RNA serum level in patients with chronic hepatitis C (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of gastroenterology 35 (2000), S. 221-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5922
    Keywords: Key words: hepatitis C virus, serum HCV-RNA level, HCV genotype, branched DNA probe assay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The serum level of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-RNA is clinically important as a predictor of the response to interferon (IFN) therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C. If serum HCV-RNA levels fluctuate during follow-up, and IFN therapy is begun at the time of a low HCV-RNA level, the IFN therapy may be more effective. We evaluated the fluctuation of HCV-RNA serum levels for 2 years in 212 patients with chronic hepatitis C, untreated with IFN who had HCV genotype 1b and an HCV-RNA level of 10 Meq/ml or more at first consultation. The HCV-RNA level was measured monthly for 2 years with an HCV branched DNA probe assay (b DNA probe assay). We classified HCV-RNA patterns into three types by the ratio of maximum HCV-RNA level (a) to minimum HCV-RNA level (b). In pattern 1 (constant type, 151 patients; 71.2%) the a/b ratio was 1–5. In pattern 2 (slight fluctuation type, 46 patients; 21.7%) the a/b ratio was 5–10. In pattern 3 (severe fluctuation type, 15 patients; 7.1%), the a/b ratio was 10 or more. Next, we evaluated the factors associated with the three patterns. Acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis was regarded as an increase in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level to more than 250 IU/l. The incidence of acute exacerbation for a 2-year follow-up was 13.9% (21/151) in pattern 1, 19.6% (9/46) in pattern 2, and 53.3% (8/15) in pattern 3. Multivariate analysis showed that acute exacerbation was the most important factor in the manifestation pattern 3. In conclusion, we found that: (1) about 70% of patients had a constant HCV-RNA levels for 2 years. (2) A few patients had severe fluctuation of serum HCV-RNA level after acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005350050334
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of arterial administration of a high-molecular weight antitumor agent, styrene maleic acid neocarzinostatin, in embolization-resistant liver cancer (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of clinical oncology 4 (1999), S. 148-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-7772
    Keywords: Key words Hepatocellular carcinoma ; Transcatheter arterial embolization ; Styrene maleic acid neocarzinostatin ; Embolization-resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. Hepatocellular carcinoma often shows a resistance to transcatheter arterial embolization in the course of therapy repetition. Methods. Forty-four of 103 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma showing a resistance to repeated embolization therapy were treated with intra-arterial injection of the high-molecular weight antitumor agent styrene-maleic acid neocarzinostatin (Zinostatin) mixed with Lipiodol (group A). The remaining 59 patients received repeated embolization with epirubicin given in the same way (group B). Results. In group A, computerized tomography scans 3 months after the therapy showed "complete" accumulation of Lipiodol in 2 patients (4.5%), and "good" accumulation (50%–99%) in 11 (25.0%); 10%–49% accumulation was shown in 12 patients (41.9%), and less than 10% in 19 patients (32.6%). In group B, 1 patient (1.7%) showed complete accumulation, 4 (6.8%) showed "good" accumulation, 10 (16.9%) showed 10%–49% accumulation, and 44 (74.6%) showed less than 10%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that factors affecting Lipiodol accumulation after therapy included tumor multiplicity (P 〈 0.0001), use of Zinostatin (P = 0.010), and decompensation of cirrhosis (P = 0.049). In the 44 patients with Zinostatin injection, tumor size was the only factor affecting Lipiodol accumulation. Survival rates in groups A and B were 70.4% and 45.8%, respectively, at the end of the first year, 36.8% and 17.3% at the end of the second year, and 24.5% and 13.0% at the end of the third year (P = 0.0087). Conclusion. Intra-arterial Zinostatin injection therapy increased the Lipiodol accumulation rate and the survival rate in patients with embolization-resistant HCC, and the best candidates for the treatment were patients with smaller liver cancer of 50 mm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101470050045
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Collateral artery bypass in buerger's disease: Report of a novel procedure (1995)
    Springer
    Surgery today 25 (1995), S. 92-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: collateral artery bypass ; Buerger's disease ; sural artery ; reoperative vascular surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 25-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for treatment of a painful ulcer on his left fourth toe, 9 years after undergoing lumbar sympathectomy and 4 years after undergoing bypass, both of which had been unsuccessful. Angiography demonstrated diffuse arterial occlusion in the lower extremities except for a persistent sciatic artery and a sural artery, which was the main collateral. Thus, reversed bifurcated saphenous vein bypass from the sciatic artery to the sural artery and the posterior tibial artery was performed utilizing Esmarch's rubber bandage as a substitute for a vascular clamp to control bleeding intraoperatively. The ulcer healed promptly and the patient was discharged symptom-free 1 month postoperatively. This case report dmonstrates the advantage of performing collateral arterial bypass and illustrates some of the technical challenges associated with this procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00309397
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anomalies of Inferior Vena Cava and Left Renal Vein: Risks in Aortic Surgery (2000)
    Springer
    Annals of vascular surgery 14 (2000), S. 393-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-5947
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100169910071
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and characterization of G+C-rich, highly repeated DNA sequences from Porphyra yezoensis (laver), Rhodophyta (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 12 (2000), S. 131-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: G+C-rich sequence ; interspersed DNA ; Porphyra yezoensis ; tandem repeated DNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract G+C-rich sequences in the genomic DNA of Porphyrayezoensis (laver) were cloned and characterized. Sequence analyses of the genomic DNA inserted in fiveclones showed that the DNA contained long G+C-richstretches of more than 200 bp. These stretchesconsisted of more than 80% G+C residues. TheG+C-rich sequences were highly repeated andinterspersed throughout the genome of P.yezoensis and constituted about 6.0–6.6% of thegenome. Parts of these sequences were tandem repeatedin arrays. Hybridization experiments showed thatthese highly repeated, interspersed G+C-rich sequenceswere present in other species of Porphyra, butnot in species of the genera Grateloupia and Gelidium, suggesting that these sequences mightevolve rapidly among genomes, species and genera.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008176409864
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of DNA preparation from laver (Porphyra yezoensis) thalli on reproducibility of RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) patterns (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 10 (1998), S. 23-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: Porphyra yezoensis ; DNA preparation ; RAPD pattern ; laverDNA ; discrimination of cultivars
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Laver (Porphyra yezoensis) DNAs were extracted from thalli with five different procedures and used for RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) analysis as templates. Restriction enzyme-digestive DNAs were obtained with all procedures examined. However, RAPD patterns generated with these DNAs appeared highly irreproducible and were considerably different from each other. When DNAs purified with CsCl gradient centrifugation were used for RAPD analysis as templates, highly reproducible RAPD patterns were obtained, suggesting that unpurified DNAs extracted from thalli with all five extraction procedures contained an excess of RNA, polysaccharides and/or other materials which affected the RAPD reproducibility. Thus, results indicated that purification of DNA is essential to produce reproducible RAPD patterns of Porphyra DNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008023806500
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between pretreatment viremia level and response to interferon-α therapy in chronic hepatitis c differs in viral type 1 and 2 infections (1996)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 41 (1996), S. 1925-1932 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: chronic hepatitis C virus infection ; interferon-α ; hepatitis C viremia level ; hepatitis C virus type
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To determine the contribution of virus-related factors to long-term remission of chronic hepatitis C infection, we analyzed viral type and viremia level in 185 patients who had undergone a six-month course of interferon-α therapy. These virus-related factors were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with use of viral type-specific antigens and the branched DNA (bDNA) signal amplification assay, respectively. Sustained and long-term sustained responses were achieved in 55% and 50% of the patients, respectively. Transient or no responses were observed in 30% and 15% of the patients, respectively. Thirty-five percent of viral type 1 patients and 82% of viral type 2 patients had long-term sustained responses. Forty-two percent of bDNA-positive and 71% of bDNA-negative patients experienced long-term sustained responses. On multivariate analysis, viral type, Knodell's intralobular score, and viremia level were strong independent predictors of long-term sustained response (P〈0.0001, =0.0060, and 0.037, respectively). Viremia level, however, was a significant predictor only in viral type 1, not type 2, patients. The relation between pretreatment viremia level and response to interferon-α therapy in chronic hepatitis C differs in viral type 1 and 2 infections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02093591
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect hepatitis C virus serological groups 1 to 6 (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of gastroenterology 34 (1999), S. 505-509 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5922
    Keywords: Key words: HCV serological group ; HCV serotype ; HCV
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: By conventional serological grouping methods, it is possible to determine hepatitis C virus (HCV) serological groups for genotypes 1a, and 1b, and genotypes 2a, and 2b, but not for other genotypes, i.e., 3a, 3b, 4a, 5a, and 6a. In this study, we attempted to serologically group HCV with the Murex HCV serotyping 1 to 6 assay (Murex Diagnostics, Kent, UK), using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on genotype-specific peptides from the NS4 region. The subjects of this study were 365 patients infected with HCV of genotype 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, or 3b. The sensitivity of the assay was 100% in patients with genotype 1a, 82.7% in those with 1b, 68.5% in those with 2a, 84.2% in those with 2b, 50.0% in those with 3a, and 76.5% in those with genotype 3b. The overall sensitivity was 78.4%. The specificity of the assay was 100% in the subjects with genotype 1a, 98.8% in those with 1b, 98.4% in those with 2a, 96.9% in those with 2b, 100% in those with 3a, and 100% in those with genotype 3b. The overall specificity was 98.6%. The concordance of the assay was 100% in subjects with genotype 1a, 81.7% in those with 1b, 67.4% in those with 2a, 81.6% in those with 2b, 50.0% in those with 3a, and 76.5% in those with genotype 3b. The overall concordance was 77.5%. We believe it would be better to serotype with the Murex HCV serotyping 1 to 6 assay, if other than serological group (Gr) 1 or Gr 2 is suspected in particular ethnic groups or in subjects with an indeterminate result with the Immucheck HCV Gr assay (Kokusai, Kobe, Japan), assuming that the genotype must be other than 1a, 1b, 2a, or 2b.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005350050304
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of natural interferon-β therapy for e-antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B patients with abnormal transaminase levels (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of gastroenterology 31 (1996), S. 559-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5922
    Keywords: chronic hepatitis B ; e-antigen negative ; interferon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Intermittent interferon (IFN) therapy appears to be effective for patients with e-antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B who exhibit abnormal fluctuations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and histological evidence of disease progression. To determine the optimal dose of IFN in such patients, we studied the effects of natural IFN-β in a prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial in 36 patients with e-antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B who repeatedly demonstrated abnormal fluctuations in ALT levels. Thirty-six patients were randomly assigned to three groups, receiving doses of: 0.3 MIU IFN (group 1;n=12), 1 MIU (group 2;n=12), or 3 MIU (group 3;n=12), administered twice per week for 24 weeks. Patients were regarded as responders if ALT levels remained within the normal range and HBV-DNA tested negative for 6 months after the initiation of the therapy. According to this criterion, treatment was effective in 16.7% of the patients (2/12) in group 1, 33.3% (4/12) in group 2, and 75% (9/12) in group 3, the efficacy rate in group 3 being significantly higher than that in the other two groups. However, in 12 of the 15 responders, (80%) ALT levels were frequently elevated again within 3 years of the termination of IFN therapy. Although IFN was effective in controling the manifestations of hepatitis in terms of e-antigen-negative patients who exhibited abnormal fluctuations in ALT, it appears that continuous treatment with intermittent high-dose IFN is necessary to maintain ALT levels within the normal range.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02355057
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