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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plankton size distributions and trophic relations before and after the construction of the storm-surge barrier in the Oosterschelde estuary (1994)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 282-283 (1994), S. 145-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: plankton ; size distribution ; Sheldon ; storm-surge barrier
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass distributions were calculated on a carbon basis for the inland part of the Oosterschelde, in the period before (1983), during (1984, 1986) and after (1987, 1988) the construction of the storm- surge barrier. In all years studied, both phytoplankton and zooplankton distributions are very irregular, and little consistent patterns emerge. The data were used to test the model of Sheldon et al. (1977). The observed standing stock ratios of zooplankton to phytoplankton agree with the model predictions in 1983, and are slightly higher during the period 1984–1987. In 1988, the model predictions are very different from the observed values, because of important changes in the zooplankton species abundance occurring in this year.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024627
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A re-evaluation of marine nematode productivity (1986)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 135 (1986), S. 193-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: nematodes ; meiobenthos ; production ; P/B ; generation time
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nematodes are the most abundant multicellular animals in marine sediments but their role in the benthos has not been properly quantified yet. In nearly all energy-flow budgets of marine systems their annual production P is given as about nine times their mean biomass B and their part in the total energy-flow is consequently estimated as anywhere between 3 and 30% of the total (carbon) input in the benthic system. Our laboratory experiments demonstrate that nematode productivity is much higher than P/B ∼ 9 per year and may reach values of over 60 for bacterial grazers. To obtain more reliable estimates for field populations we propose a regression equation relating egg-to-egg development time Tmin to temperature (t) and adult female weight (W in µg wet weight):log Tmin = 2.202−0.0461 t + 0.627 log W. When multiplied by the constant biomass turnover per generation (P/B)gen = 3, development rate 1/Tmin is a good predictor of daily P/B. This method was applied to two series of field data. A rather stable community from a sublittoral mud in the North Sea had an annual P/B = 20. A less stable Aufwuchs community from Sargassum in Japan had an annual P/B = 58.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00006530
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Net aerial primary production (NAPP) of the marsh macrophyteScirpus maritimus estimated by a combination of destructive and non-destructive sampling methods (1996)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 123 (1996), S. 101-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Aboveground production ; Accuracy ; Methodology ; Phenometric techniques ; Precision ; Salt marsh ; Vegetation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Net aerial primary production (NAPP) of marsh macrophytes is usually estimated either by destructive sampling techniques or by phenometric techniques. Destructive methods, however, are thought to be inaccurate while phenometric techniques are very labour intensive. In this study a new method is presented which allows an accurate and more efficient estimation of NAPP. The method combines destructive sampling to determine end-of-season biomass and phenometric techniques to estimate the mortality of biomass before the end of the season. NAPP is derived through summation of these two estimates. Techniques needed to calculate the precision of the NAPP estimate are provided. The so called hybrid technique was used to estimate NAPP ofScirpus maritimus L. in a brackish marsh along the Westerschelde estuary, the Netherlands. Estimated NAPP was 1372 g m-2. End-of-season biomass accounted for 1106 g m-2, while mortality contributed 266 g m-2. Precision of the end-of-season biomass and the mortality estimates, expressed as coefficient of variation, was 18.2 and 26.0% respectively. The precision of the resultant, NAPP, was higher: 17.2%. These results indicate that NAPP could be estimated with a higher precision than end-of-season biomass. This contradicts the view that the accuracy of NAPP estimates can only be improved at the expense of its precision.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00044892
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Twentyfive years of changes in the distribution and biomass of eelgrass,Zostera marina, in Grevelingen lagoon, The Netherlands (1996)
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 30 (1996), S. 107-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Keywords: marine lagoon ; eelgrass ; Zostera marina ; distribution patterns ; biomass changes ; long-term population changes ; environmental variables
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The wax and wane of the eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) population in Grevelingen lagoon (East Atlantic; The Netherlands) has been documented for over 25 years, together with quantitative and semi-quantitative data on environmental variables. The population expanded after the closure of the Grevelingen estuary in 1971, but declined from 4600 ha surface area in 1978 to less than 100 ha in 1993. There is little causal evidence which factors are responsible for the observed dynamics of the population. The incomplete picture emerging from the data is that of an extremely impoverished eelgrass population, living under constant oligo-mesotrophic marine conditions. Both the sexual and the vegetative modes of reproduction are severely stressed by environmental variables, most likely a combination of low temperatures, high salinity, low dissolved silicate and low ammonium concentrations. Survival of the population asks for the restoration of moderate estuarine conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02272232
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  • 15
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    Trends in biomass, density and diversity of North Sea macrofauna (1992)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science, 49 (1). pp. 13-22.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-19
    Description: Total biomass and biomass of large taxonomic groups (polychaetes, molluscs, crustaceans, echinoderms) and species diversity of the macrofauna were determined for almost 200 North Sea stations sampled synoptically by seven vessels during Spring 1986 and for 120 additional stations sampled in earlier years by the Marine Laboratory in Aberdeen. There exists a clear and significant decreasing trend in biomass with latitude, both in total biomass and for the different taxonomic groups. Apart from latitude, sediment composition and chlorophyll a content of the sediment also infuence total biomass and biomass of most groups significantly. Biomass increases consistently in finer sediments and sediments with a higher chlorophyll a content. The same trends are found for the results within laboratories. Some interaction exists, indicating weak laboratory and zonal effects. Diversity, as measured by Hill's diversity index N1 = (exp H′) shows a clear and significant trend with latitude. Towards the north of the North Sea diversity increases considerably. The trend is also found for laboratories separately and is everywhere equally strong. Also longitude and depth show an effect on diversity. Sediment variables have no clear influence on diversity. Other diversity measures show the same trend but are more variable than N1,. Total density tends to increase towards the north, but sediment related variables have a larger influence. Mean individual weight becomes considerably smaller towards the northern part of the North Sea.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/49.1.13
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 16
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    Extreme variations of pCO2 and pH in a macrophyte meadow of the Baltic Sea in summer: evidence of the effect of photosynthesis and local upwelling (2013)
    Public Library of Science
    In:  PLoS ONE, 8 (4). e62689.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: The impact of ocean acidification on benthic habitats is a major preoccupation of the scientific community. However, the natural variability of pCO2 and pH in those habitats remains understudied, especially in temperate areas. In this study we investigated temporal variations of the carbonate system in nearshore macrophyte meadows of the western Baltic Sea. These are key benthic ecosystems, providing spawning and nursery areas as well as food to numerous commercially important species. In situ pCO2, pH (total scale), salinity and PAR irradiance were measured with a continuous recording sensor package dropped in a shallow macrophyte meadow (Eckernförde bay, western Baltic Sea) during three different weeks in July (pCO2 and PAR only), August and September 2011.The mean (± SD) pCO2 in July was 383±117 µatm. The mean (± SD) pCO2 and pHtot in August were 239±20 µatm and 8.22±0.1, respectively. The mean (± SD) pCO2 and pHtot in September were 1082±711 µatm and 7.83±0.40, respectively. Daily variations of pCO2 due to photosynthesis and respiration (difference between daily maximum and minimum) were of the same order of magnitude: 281±88 µatm, 219±89 μatm and 1488±574 µatm in July, August and September respectively. The observed variations of pCO2 were explained through a statistical model considering wind direction and speed together with PAR irradiance. At a time scale of days to weeks, local upwelling of elevated pCO2 water masses with offshore winds drives the variation. Within days, primary production is responsible. The results demonstrate the high variability of the carbonate system in nearshore macrophyte meadows depending on meteorology and biological activities. We highlight the need to incorporate these variations in future pCO2 scenarios and experimental designs for nearshore habitats.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062689
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  • 17
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    The seafloor as the ultimate sediment trap - using sediment properties to constrain benthic-pelagic exchange processes at the Goban Spur (2001)
    Pergamon Press
    In:  Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 48 (14-15) . pp. 3245-3264.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-08-05
    Description: The benthic diagenetic model OMEXDIA has been used to reproduce observed benthic pore water and solid phase profiles obtained during the OMEX study in the Goban Spur Area (N.E. Atlantic), and to dynamically model benthic profiles at site OMEX III (3660-m depth), with the sediment trap organic flux as external forcing. The results of the dynamic modelling show that the organic flux as determined from the lowermost sediment trap (400 metres above the bottom) at OMEX III is insufficient to explain the organic carbon and pore water profiles. The best fitting was obtained by maintaining the seasonal pattern as observed in the traps, while multiplying the absolute values of the flux by a factor of 1.85. The “inverse modelling” of diagenetic processes resulted in estimates of total mineralisation rate and of degradability of the organic matter at the different stations. These diagenetic model-based estimates are used to constrain the patterns of lateral and vertical transports of organic matter. Using the observed degradability as a function of depth, we show that the observed organic matter fluxes at the different depths are consistent with a model where at all stations along the gradient the same vertical export flux occurs at 200 m, and where organic matter sinks with a constant sinking rate of around 130 m d−1. If sinking rates were higher, in the order of 200 m d−1, the observations could be consistent with an off-slope gradient in export production of approximately a factor of 1.5 between the shallowest and deepest sites. The derived high degradability of the arriving organic matter and the consistency of the mass fluxes at the different stations exclude the possibility of a massive deposition, on the margin, of organic matter produced on the shelf or shelf break. However, other hypotheses to explain the patterns found in the sediment trap data of both OMEX and other continental margin study sites also suffer from different inconsistencies. Further, close examination of the flow patterns at the margin will be needed to examine the question.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/S0967-0645(01)00039-X
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 18
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    Subsurface activity of benthic foraminifera (1996)
    Inter Research
    In:  Marine Ecology Progress Series, 145 . pp. 303-304.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-23
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 19
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    Extreme variations of pCO2 and pH in a Baltic macrophyte meadow in summer: Evidence of the effects of photosynthesis and upwelling (2012)
    In:  [Poster] In: EGU General Assembly 2012, 22.-27.04.2012, Vienna, Austria .
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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    OceanRep: Poster
  • 20
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    The role of the benthic biota in sedimentary metabolism and sediment-water exchange processes in the Goban Spur area (NE Atlantic) (2001)
    Pergamon Press
    In:  Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 48 . pp. 3223-3243.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-08-05
    Description: We provide an overview of the role of biological processes in the Benthic boundary layer (BBL) and in sediments on the cycling of particulate organic material in the Goban Spur area (Northeast Atlantic). The benthic fauna, sediment and BBL characteristics were studied along a transect ranging from 208 to 4460 m water depth in different seasons over 3 years. Near-bottom flow velocities are high at the upper part of the slope (1000–1500 m), and high numbers of filter-feeding taxa are found there such that organic carbon normally passing this area during high flow conditions is probably trapped, accumulated, and/or remineralised by the fauna. Overall metabolism in shelf and upper slope sediments is dominated by the macrofauna. More than half of the organic matter flux is respired by macrofauna, with a lower contribution of metazoan meiofauna (4%) and anoxic and suboxic bacterial mineralisation (21%); the remainder (23%) being channelled through nanobiota and oxic bacteria. By its feeding activity and movement, the macrofauna intensely reworks the sediments on the shelf and upper slope. Mixing intensity of bulk sediment and of organic matter are of comparable magnitude. The benthos of the lower slope and abyssal depth is dominated by the microbiota, both in terms of total biomass (〉90%) and carbon respiration (about 80%). The macrofauna (16%), meiofauna (4%) and megafauna (0.5%) only marginally contribute to total carbon respiration at depths below 1400 m. Because large animals have a lower share in total metabolism, mixing of organic matter within the sediments is reduced by a factor of 5, whereas mixing of bulk sediment is one to two orders of magnitude lower than on the shelf. The food quality of organic matter in the sediments in the shallowest part of the Goban Spur transect is significantly higher than in sediments in the deeper parts. The residence time of mineralisable carbon is about 120 d on the shelf and compares well with the residence time of the biota. In the deepest station, the mean residence time of mineralisable carbon is more than 3000 d, an order of magnitude higher than that of biotic biomass.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/S0967-0645(01)00038-8
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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