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  • 1
    In: Microorganisms, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 2 ( 2021-02-02), p. 308-
    Abstract: The great plasticity and diversity of the Escherichia coli genome, together with the ubiquitous occurrence, make E. coli a bacterium of world-wide concern. Of particular interest are pathogenic strains and strains harboring antimicrobial resistance genes. Overlapping virulence-associated traits between avian-source E. coli and human extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) suggest zoonotic potential and safety threat of poultry food products. We analyzed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data of 46 mcr-1-positive E. coli strains isolated from retail raw meat purchased in the Czech Republic. The investigated strains were characterized by their phylogroup—B1 (43%), A (30%), D (11%), E (7%), F (4%), B2 (2%), C (2%), MLST type, and serotype. A total of 30 multilocus sequence types (STs), of which ST744 was the most common (11%), were identified, with O8 and O89 as the most prevalent serogroups. Using the VirulenceFinder tool, 3 to 26 virulence genes were detected in the examined strains and a total of 7 (15%) strains met the pathogenic criteria for ExPEC. Four strains were defined as UPEC (9%) and 18 (39%) E. coli strains could be classified as APEC. The WGS methods and available on-line tools for their evaluation enable a comprehensive approach to the diagnosis of virulent properties of E. coli strains and represent a suitable and comfortable platform for their detection. Our results show that poultry meat may serve as an important reservoir of strains carrying both virulence and antibiotic resistance genes for animal and human populations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-2607
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720891-6
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  • 2
    In: Antibiotics, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2021-07-09), p. 838-
    Abstract: Aquaculture systems are widely recognised as hotspots for horizontal gene transfer, and the need for screening for bacteria carrying antimicrobial resistance genes in aquaculture systems is becoming more important. In this study, we characterised seventeen bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and A. nosocomialis) resistant to colistin originating from retailed aquaculture products imported from Vietnam to the Czech Republic. The mcr-1.1 gene was found located on plasmid types IncHI2, IncI2, and IncX4, as well as on the rarely described plasmid types IncFIB-FIC and IncFIB(K), phage-like plasmid p0111, and on the chromosome of E. coli. One E. coli strain carried the mcr-3.5 gene on IncFII(pCoo) plasmid in addition to the mcr-1.1 gene located on IncHI2 plasmid. K. pneumoniae was found to carry the mcr-1.1 and mcr-8.2 genes on IncFIA(HI1) plasmid. The mcr-4.3 gene was found on similar untypeable plasmids of A. baumannii and A. nosocomialis strains, pointing to the possible interspecies transfer of plasmids carrying the mcr-4 gene. Our results highlight that some aquaculture products of Asian origin can represent an important source of variable plasmids carrying mcr genes. The results showed an involvement of phages in the incorporation of the mcr-1 gene into plasmids or the chromosome in E. coli strains from aquaculture. The detection of E. coli with the mcr-1 gene in the chromosome points to the risks associated with the stabilisation of the mcr genes in the bacterial chromosome.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-6382
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2681345-2
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Association of Austrian Librarians ; 2020
    In:  Mitteilungen der Vereinigung Österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare Vol. 73, No. 3-4 ( 2020-12-23), p. 610-619
    In: Mitteilungen der Vereinigung Österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare, Association of Austrian Librarians, Vol. 73, No. 3-4 ( 2020-12-23), p. 610-619
    Abstract: Dieser Report beschreibt die Ergebnisse eines eintägigen Workshops, der mit Partnerinnen und Partnern des Projektes FAIR Data Austria und einer Vertreterin des Horizon-2020-Projekts EOSC-Pillar durchgeführt wurde. Ziel des Workshops war es, den Nutzen eines FAIR Office Austria zu evaluieren. Die Teilnehmenden diskutierten über mögliche Partnerinnen und Partner sowie Kundinnen und Kunden und über konkrete Services, die angeboten werden sollten. Ebenso wichtig war die Definition der Nicht-Ziele. Der Workshop sollte zur Findung eines klaren Mission Statements dienen und den Teilnehmenden dazu verhelfen, ein gemeinsames Verständnis und Erwartungen zu entwickeln. Die Ergebnisse bilden die Grundlage für einen konkreten Maßnahmenplan. Ein Ergebnis war, dass ein FAIR Office Austria in erster Linie als Informationsdrehscheibe und Vermittler zwischen (internationalen) Organisationen (z.B. GO FAIR, EOSC, RDA) und lokalen Reference Points innerhalb der österreichischen Forschungseinrichtungen und anderen Stakeholdern dienen sollte. Ein FAIR Office Austria, so eine weitere Erkenntnis, muss von mehreren, unterschiedlichen (Forschungs-)Organisationen aufgebaut und betrieben werden, um eine wirklich transdisziplinäre, trans-institutionelle und nationale Dimension widerzuspiegeln. Lokale FAIR Reference Points sollen an Universitäten eingerichtet werden, aber nicht auf diese beschränkt sein. Weitere Forschungseinrichtungen werden ermutigt, ebenfalls lokale Reference Points zu benennen.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1022-2588
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Association of Austrian Librarians
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2018209-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1152985-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 6458-0
    SSG: 24,1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Association of Austrian Librarians ; 2022
    In:  Mitteilungen der Vereinigung Österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare Vol. 75, No. 2 ( 2022-09-07)
    In: Mitteilungen der Vereinigung Österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare, Association of Austrian Librarians, Vol. 75, No. 2 ( 2022-09-07)
    Abstract: Mit den Erkenntnissen aus zwei vorangegangenen Workshops, welche sich mit den Modellen für und Kompetenzen von Data Stewards beschäftigt hatten, trafen sich die „FAIR Data Austria“-Projektmitarbeiter*innen im Juli 2021 zu einem weiteren Workshop, um Ausbildungsangebote für Data Stewards an österreichischen Universitäten zu diskutieren. Zu diesem Zweck wurden vier Ausbildungsprogramme von jeweils einer teilnehmenden Person vorgestellt und im Anschluss in einzelnen Gruppen nach ihren Stärken und Schwächen, sowohl im Hinblick auf Eignung der gesamten Ausbildung für die Modelle als auch der einzelnen Schwerpunkte/Module innerhalb der Kurse, analysiert und bewertet. Dieser Workshop hat gezeigt, dass keiner der durchleuchteten Kurse geeignet ist, ein Modell vollständig abzudecken, wenn es darum geht, die gewünschten Kompetenzen zu vermitteln. Aus der Analyse resultieren Empfehlungen der Ausbildungsangebote für gewisse Modelle, welche nun gemeinsam mit den bisherigen Projektergebnissen in die Ausarbeitung eines Self-Assessment Tools zur Modellwahl für Forschungseinrichtungen fließen werden.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2791-4011 , 1022-2588
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Association of Austrian Librarians
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2018209-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1152985-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 6458-0
    SSG: 24,1
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  • 5
    In: Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, Elsevier BV, Vol. 39 ( 2021-01), p. 101914-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1477-8939
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2118389-2
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  • 6
    In: Mitteilungen der Vereinigung Österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare, Association of Austrian Librarians, Vol. 74, No. 2 ( 2021-12-10)
    Abstract: This report offers some reflections for a better understanding of the realization of the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) at a local level, describing the implementation of the newly established Austrian EOSC Mandated Organisation and the EOSC Support Office Austria.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2791-4011 , 1022-2588
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Association of Austrian Librarians
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2018209-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1152985-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 6458-0
    SSG: 24,1
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Project MUSE ; 2019
    In:  Bookbird: A Journal of International Children's Literature Vol. 57, No. 1 ( 2019), p. 69-70
    In: Bookbird: A Journal of International Children's Literature, Project MUSE, Vol. 57, No. 1 ( 2019), p. 69-70
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1918-6983
    Language: English
    Publisher: Project MUSE
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Project MUSE ; 2020
    In:  Bookbird: A Journal of International Children's Literature Vol. 58, No. 4 ( 2020), p. 113-114
    In: Bookbird: A Journal of International Children's Literature, Project MUSE, Vol. 58, No. 4 ( 2020), p. 113-114
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1918-6983
    Language: English
    Publisher: Project MUSE
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Microbiology Vol. 11 ( 2021-1-14)
    In: Frontiers in Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 11 ( 2021-1-14)
    Abstract: Environmental adaptation of Listeria monocytogenes is a complex process involving various mechanisms that can contribute to their survival in the environment, further spreading throughout the food chain and the development of listeriosis. The aim of this study was to analyze whole-genome sequencing data in a set of 270 strains of L. monocytogenes derived from human listeriosis cases and food and environmental sources in order to compare the prevalence and type of genetic determinants encoding cadmium, arsenic, and benzalkonium chloride resistance. Most of the detected genes of cadmium (27.8%), arsenic (15.6%), and benzalkonium chloride (7.0%) resistance were located on mobile genetic elements, even in phylogenetically distant lineages I and II, which indicates the possibility of their horizontal spread. Although no differences were found in the prevalence of these genes between human and food strains, they have been detected sporadically in strains from the environment. Regarding cadmium resistance genes, cadA1C1_ Tn 5422 predominated, especially in clonal complexes (CCs) 121, 8, and 3 strains. At the same time, qacH_ Tn 6188 -encoding benzalkonium chloride resistance was most frequently detected in the genome of CC121 strains. Genes encoding arsenic resistance were detected mainly in strains CC2 (located on the chromosomal island LGI2) and CC9 (carried on Tn 554 ). The results indicated a relationship between the spread of genes encoding resistance to cadmium, arsenic, and benzalkonium chloride in certain serotypes and CCs and showed the need for a more extensive study of L. monocytogenes strains to better understand their ability to adapt to the food production environment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-302X
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587354-4
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  • 10
    In: Antibiotics, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2021-03-04), p. 258-
    Abstract: Background: In order to estimate the prevalence of plasmid borne colistin resistance and to characterize in detail the mcr-positive isolates, we carried out a sentinel testing survey on the intestinal carriage of plasmid-mediated colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in hospitalized patients. Methods: Between June 2018 and September 2019, 1922 faecal samples from hospitalised patients were analysed by selective culture in presence of colistin (3.5 mg/L), and in parallel by direct detection of the mcr-1 to mcr-8 genes by qPCR. The mcr-positive isolates were characterised by whole-genome sequencing. Results: The prevalence of the mcr-1 gene was 0.21% (n = 4/1922); the mcr-2 to 8 genes were not detected. The mcr-1 gene was found to be localised in the IncX4 (n = 3) and IncHI2 (n = 1) plasmid type. One Escherichia coli isolate was susceptible to colistin due to the inactivation of the mcr-1 gene through the insertion of the IS2 element; however, the colistin resistance was inducible by culture in low concentrations of colistin. One human mcr-1 positive E. coli isolate was related genetically to the mcr-1 E. coli isolate derived from turkey meat of Czech origin. Conclusions:mcr-mediated colistin resistance currently poses little threat to patients hospitalised in Czech healthcare settings. The presence of the mcr-1 gene in the human population has a possible link to domestically produced, retail meat.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-6382
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2681345-2
    SSG: 15,3
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